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1.发明授权Pneumatic tire with specified tread curvature and/or specified breaker curvature 失效具有规定的胎面曲率和/或指定的断屑器曲率的气动轮胎
公开(公告)号：US5630893A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US636644
申请日：1996-04-23
CPC分类号： B60C11/0083 , B60C11/00 , B60C3/04 , B60C9/20 , Y10T152/10765
摘要： A pneumatic tire for a vehicle comprises a carcass ply extending between two bead regions and passing through a tread region which extends between two tread contact edges, a tread region reinforcing breaker radially outwards of the carcass in the tread region and a ground contacting tread surface curved in the axial direction wherein the outer surface of the widest breaker ply when the tire is mounted in its design wheel rim and normally inflated has a curved shape in the tire axial direction and has a continuously decreasing radius from a point B to the adjacent edge of the breaker wherein point B is at a distance SP in the axial direction from the tire circumferential centerline equal to 20% of the distance from the tread center to the adjacent tread contact edge.
摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆的充气轮胎包括：胎体帘布层，其在两个胎圈区域之间延伸并且穿过在两个胎面接触边缘之间延伸的胎面区域，胎面区域加强件在胎面区域中沿胎体径向向外延伸，胎面表面弯曲 在轴向方向上，当轮胎安装在其设计轮缘中并且通常充气时，最宽的断路器帘布层的外表面在轮胎轴向方向上具有弯曲形状，并且具有从点B到相邻边缘的连续减小的半径 断路器，其中点B在距轮胎圆周中心线的轴向方向上的距离SP等于从胎面中心到相邻胎面接触边缘的距离的20％。
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2.发明授权Pneumatic tire with specified tread curvature and/or specified breaker curvature 失效具有规定的胎面曲率和/或指定的断屑器曲率的气动轮胎
公开(公告)号：US5630892A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US356552
申请日：1994-12-15
CPC分类号： B60C11/0083 , B60C11/00 , B60C3/04 , B60C9/20 , Y10T152/10765
摘要： A pneumatic tire for a vehicle comprises a carcass ply extending between two bead regions and passing through a tread region which extends between two tread contact edges, a tread region reinforcing breaker radially outwards of the carcass in the tread region and a ground contacting tread surface curved in the axial direction wherein the curvature of the outer tread surface when the tire is mounted on its design wheel rim and normally inflated has a continuously decreasing radius from a point P which is at a distance SP in the axial direction from the tire circumferential center line equal to 20% of the distance from the tread center to the adjacent tread contact edge.
摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆的充气轮胎包括：胎体帘布层，其在两个胎圈区域之间延伸并且穿过在两个胎面接触边缘之间延伸的胎面区域，胎面区域加强件在胎面区域中沿胎体径向向外延伸，胎面表面弯曲 在轴向上，当轮胎安装在其设计轮缘上并且正常膨胀时，外胎面表面的曲率与从轮胎圆周中心线的轴向距离SP处的点P的连续减小的半径 等于从胎面中心到相邻胎面接触边缘的距离的20％。
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公开(公告)号：US07766254B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-03
申请号：US12156233
申请日：2008-05-30
申请人： David J. Trapasso , Arthur R. Williams , Kevin S. Hoyer , Tanto Sugiarto , Michael A. Breed , Adrian G. Grammar , Keith E. McClain , Jason C. Short , Orlando Volpato Filho , Luciano Felice
发明人： David J. Trapasso , Arthur R. Williams , Kevin S. Hoyer , Tanto Sugiarto , Michael A. Breed , Adrian G. Grammar , Keith E. McClain , Jason C. Short , Orlando Volpato Filho , Luciano Felice
CPC分类号： F02M53/06 , F02M51/061
摘要： A heated fuel injector includes a heated body, liquid fuel flowing through a fuel passage within the body, and a member that increases heat transfer from the heated body to the fuel within the fuel passage. The thermal efficiency of the fuel injector is increased separately or in combination by diverting the fuel flow along an inner circumferential contour of the heated body, by limiting the volume of fuel bypassing the heated inner surface of the body, by redirecting heat from the body to unheated portions of the fuel flow field within the fuel passage, and by increasing the available contact surface area for heat transfer. Improved heat transfer from the heated body to the fuel is achieved by integrating features that increase the contact surface area into the inside surface of the body or by positioning an insulating or a thermally conductive spacer within the fuel passage.
摘要翻译： 加热燃料喷射器包括加热体，流过本体内的燃料通道的液体燃料，以及增加从加热体到燃料通道内的燃料的热传递的部件。 燃料喷射器的热效率通过将燃料流沿着加热体的内圆周轮廓转向，通过限制旁路加热的身体内表面的燃料的体积，通过将热量从身体重定向到 燃料流路内的燃料流场的未加热部分，以及增加可用的热传递接触面积。 通过将增加接触表面积的特征集成到体内的内表面或通过在燃料通道内定位绝缘或导热隔离物来实现从被加热体到燃料的改进的热传递。
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公开(公告)号：US20090008475A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12283079
申请日：2008-09-09
IPC分类号： B05B1/24
CPC分类号： F02M31/125 , F02M53/06 , Y02T10/126
摘要： A fuel injector for heating fuel to be injected into an internal combustion engine. A cylindrical barrel extends between a solenoid and an injection tip for passage of fuel. The outer surface of the barrel supports a suitable circuit pattern formed of an electrically resistive material for generating heat which is passed through the wall of the barrel to warm the fuel which may be stationary or flowing. The electrically resistive material has a positive thermal coefficient, permitting voltage to be applied continuously across the heater causing a current to flow through the heater, the current being inversely proportional to the temperature of the heater. Thus, the heater is self-regulating, the current automatically increasing under cold conditions and diminishing as the fuel injector warms up after starting of the engine. Desirably, the heater is outside both the engine firing chamber and the flow path of the fuel.
摘要翻译： 一种燃料喷射器，用于加热待注入内燃机的燃料。 圆柱形筒在螺线管和用于燃料通过的喷射尖端之间延伸。 筒的外表面支撑由用于产生热量的电阻材料形成的合适的电路图案，该热量通过筒的壁以加热可能是静止或流动的燃料。 电阻材料具有正的热系数，允许电压连续地跨过加热器施加，导致电流流过加热器，电流与加热器的温度成反比。 因此，加热器是自调节的，当冷启动时燃料喷射器加热时，电流在冷的条件下自动增加。 理想地，加热器在发动机燃烧室和燃料的流动路径之外。
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公开(公告)号：US5408646A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-18
申请号：US946203
申请日：1992-09-17
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F11/26 , G06F13/40 , G06F15/173 , H04L1/00 , H04L7/033 , H04L12/18 , H04L12/56 , H04L29/06 , H04Q11/00 , H04Q11/04 , H04J3/26
CPC分类号： H04L49/3081 , G06F13/4022 , G06F15/17337 , G06F15/17375 , G06F15/17393 , H04L1/0057 , H04L12/18 , H04L49/251 , H04L49/256 , H04L7/0338 , H04Q11/0001 , H04Q11/0478 , G06F11/261 , H04J2203/0005 , H04L12/1881 , H04L49/254 , H04L49/40 , H04L69/08 , H04L69/18 , H04Q11/0066
摘要： Disclosed is a new torus switch with low latency performance improves torus network connection time by trying multipaths in one single high speed operation. This multipath approach can be directed at establishing a connection between two specific nodes over various alternate routes simultaneously. If only one route is available, the multipath approach will find that path instantaneously and establish the desired connection with minimal latency. If several links are available, the multipath method establishes the desired connection over only one of the available links and leaves the other options free to be used by other connections. In addition, routing at intermediate torus network stages improves over the wormhole approach.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有低延迟性能的新型环面交换机，通过在单个高速操作中尝试多路径来提高环网连接时间。 该多路径方法可以针对同时在各种替代路由上建立两个特定节点之间的连接。 如果只有一条路由可用，则多路径方法将立即找到该路径，并以最小延迟建立所需的连接。 如果有多个链接可用，则多路径方法通过只有一个可用链接建立所需的连接，并使其他选项可以自由地被其他连接使用。 此外，在中间环面网络阶段的路由可以通过虫洞方法进行改进。
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公开(公告)号：US08607579B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-17
申请号：US12397915
申请日：2009-03-04
申请人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
发明人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
摘要： Embodiments of a heat transfer apparatus, and related methods, involve at least one boundary wall defining a first flow path through a neck portion, a first heat source external to and in thermal communication with the boundary wall, and a working fluid (e.g., a first fluid component with a second fluid component entrained therein). The neck portion may be shaped such that at least a portion of the second fluid component impinges upon at least a portion of the boundary wall as the working fluid flows therethrough, whereby heat is transferred from the first heat source to the working fluid through the boundary wall.
摘要翻译： 传热装置和相关方法的实施例涉及至少一个边界壁，其限定通过颈部的第一流动路径，在边界壁外部和与热交联的第一热源，以及工作流体（例如， 第一流体组分，其中夹有第二流体组分）。 颈部可以被成形为使得当工作流体流过其中时，第二流体组分的至少一部分撞击边界壁的至少一部分，由此热量通过边界从第一热源传递到工作流体 壁。
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公开(公告)号：US08402784B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-26
申请号：US12403682
申请日：2009-03-13
申请人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
发明人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
IPC分类号： F25D9/00
CPC分类号： F25B9/08 , F25B2341/0011 , F28F13/08 , F28F13/125
摘要： Embodiments of a heat transfer apparatus, and related methods, involve a first flow path through at least one neck portion defined by at least one boundary wall, a first heat source external to and in thermal communication with the at least one boundary wall, an inflow portion in fluid communication with the first flow path, an outflow portion in fluid communication with the first flow path, and a drive system for driving a first fluid through the first flow path, whereby heat is transferred from the first heat source to the first fluid as it flows through the first flow path.
摘要翻译： 传热装置和相关方法的实施例涉及通过至少一个颈部的第一流动路径，所述至少一个颈部由至少一个边界壁，与至少一个边界壁外部并与其热连通的第一热源限定，流入 与第一流路流体连通的部分，与第一流路流体连通的流出部分，以及用于驱动第一流体通过第一流路的驱动系统，由此热量从第一热源传递到第一流体 因为它流过第一流动路径。
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公开(公告)号：US20090294552A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US12156233
申请日：2008-05-30
申请人： David J. Trapasso , Arthur R. Williams , Kevin S. Hoyer , Tanto Sugiarto , Michael A. Breed , Adrian G. Grammar , Keith E. McClain , Jason C. Short , Orlando Volpato , Luciano Felice
发明人： David J. Trapasso , Arthur R. Williams , Kevin S. Hoyer , Tanto Sugiarto , Michael A. Breed , Adrian G. Grammar , Keith E. McClain , Jason C. Short , Orlando Volpato , Luciano Felice
IPC分类号： B05B1/24
CPC分类号： F02M53/06 , F02M51/061
摘要： A heated fuel injector includes a heated body, liquid fuel flowing through a fuel passage within the body, and a member that increases heat transfer from the heated body to the fuel within the fuel passage. The thermal efficiency of the fuel injector is increased separately or in combination by diverting the fuel flow along an inner circumferential contour of the heated body, by limiting the volume of fuel bypassing the heated inner surface of the body, by redirecting heat from the body to unheated portions of the fuel flow field within the fuel passage, and by increasing the available contact surface area for heat transfer. Improved heat transfer from the heated body to the fuel is achieved by integrating features that increase the contact surface area into the inside surface of the body or by positioning an insulating or a thermally conductive spacer within the fuel passage.
摘要翻译： 加热燃料喷射器包括加热体，流过本体内的燃料通道的液体燃料，以及增加从加热体到燃料通道内的燃料的热传递的部件。 燃料喷射器的热效率通过将燃料流沿着加热体的内圆周轮廓转向，通过限制旁路加热的身体内表面的燃料的体积，通过将热量从身体重定向到 燃料流路内的燃料流场的未加热部分，以及增加可用的热传递接触面积。 通过将增加接触表面积的特征集成到体内的内表面或通过在燃料通道内定位绝缘或导热隔离物来实现从被加热体到燃料的改进的热传递。
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公开(公告)号：US20090229797A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-17
申请号：US12403679
申请日：2009-03-13
申请人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
发明人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
CPC分类号： F25B9/08 , F25B2341/0011 , F28F13/08 , F28F13/125
摘要： Embodiments of a heat transfer apparatus, and related methods, involve a radial array of blades including a plurality of blades arranged about a central portion defining an entrance flow path, the plurality of blades defining a first flow path therebetween, a first heat source in thermal communication with the blades, and a drive system for driving a first fluid into the central portion through the entrance flow path and out through the first flow path between adjacent blades whereby heat is transferred from the first heat source to the first fluid flowing within the first flow path.
摘要翻译： 传热装置和相关方法的实施例涉及一种径向阵列的叶片，其包括围绕限定入口流动路径的中心部分布置的多个叶片，所述多个叶片在其间限定第一流动路径，第一热源在热 与叶片的连通，以及用于通过入口流动路径将第一流体驱动到中心部分并通过相邻叶片之间的第一流动路径驱动的驱动系统，由此热量从第一热源传递到在第一流体内流动的第一流体 流路。
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公开(公告)号：US20080028774A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11498887
申请日：2006-08-03
申请人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
发明人： Arthur R. Williams , Charles Agosta
摘要： Heat pumps move heat from a source to a warmer sink, with Bernoulli heat pumps accomplishing this movement by reducing the temperature in a portion of the generally-warmer heat-sink flow. Heat flows spontaneously from the generally cooler heat-source flow into the locally cold portion of the heat-sink flow, which is the neck of a Venturi. The temperature reduction results from the Bernoulli conversion of random gas-particle motion (temperature and pressure) into directed motion (flow). This invention is a Bernoulli heat pump in which the heat transfer into the Venturi neck exploits unusual thermodynamic transport properties of rare-gases. Rare gases, especially mixtures of them, possess unusually small Prandtl numbers and thereby facilitate the diffusion of random particle motion (heat) relative to the diffusion of directed particle motion (viscosity), viscous friction being responsible for most of the power consumed by a Bernoulli heat pump.
摘要翻译： 热泵将热量从一个源移动到一个温暖的水槽，伯努利热泵通过降低一般温度较高的散热器流量的一部分温度来实现这一运动。 热量从一般较冷的热源流自发流入散热流的局部冷部，这是文丘里的颈部。 伯努利（Bernoulli）将随机气体 - 粒子运动（温度和压力）转换为定向运动（流量）的温度降低。 本发明是一种伯努利热泵，其中传递到文丘里颈部的热量利用稀有气体的不寻常的热力学传输特性。 稀有气体，特别是它们的混合物具有非常小的普朗特数，从而有助于随机粒子运动（热）相对于有向粒子运动（粘度）的扩散的扩散，粘性摩擦负责伯努利消耗的大部分功率 热泵。
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