摘要:
A hydraulic control system of an automatic transmission that precisely control is operating hydraulic pressure supplied to a frictional element during shifting and can eliminate oil leak under a maximum operating hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic control system controls a hydraulic pressure generated by a hydraulic pump to from an operating hydraulic pressure for a frictional element selectively operating at each shift ratio. A hydraulic line is configured such that the operating hydraulic pressure of the frictional element is controlled by a pressure control valve and a switching valve that are controlled by a solenoid valve. An exhaust hydraulic line of the pressure control valve is connected to an exhaust hydraulic line of the switching valve such that the exhaust hydraulic line of the pressure control valve can be controlled by a switching of the switching valve.
摘要:
A pressure control system of an automatic transmission includes a control-pressure regulating valve, a path switching valve, and a coupling-pressure regulating valve. The path switching valve selectively outputs a control pressure or a line pressure, so that the coupling-pressure regulating valve regulates a coupling pressure based on the control pressure during gear shifting, and regulates the coupling pressure based on the line pressure after completion of the gear shifting.
摘要:
A hydraulic control system of an automatic transmission includes broadening a control region of the transmission. In the hydraulic control system, a frictional element control pressure, for controlling a frictional element, is changed from a solenoid control pressure to a line pressure corresponding to a change of an open/closed state of a corresponding port of a valve.
摘要:
Entrainment heat sink devices and methods of forming entrainment heat sink devices are described herein. One or more method embodiments include forming an opening through a first material, forming a dimple having a trapezoidal-cross section in the first material such that the opening is located on a side wall of the trapezoidal cross-section, and attaching the first material to a second material, wherein the first material or the second material has a trench formed therein and the first material is attached to the second material such that the trench is in fluidic communication with the dimple.
摘要:
A non-volatile storage system that performs programming and reading processes. The programming process includes coarse/fine programming and verify operations. Programming is verified by testing for two different threshold voltage levels while applying the same voltage level to the control gate of a memory cell by testing for current levels through the memory cells and adjusting the current levels tested for based on current temperature such that the difference between the two effective tested threshold voltage levels remains constant over temperature variation.
摘要:
A color reproduction correcting system and method, and a video display device and method can reproduce original color by considering signal source and display device. Each signal source information and each display device information can be stored. The signal source and the display device, which are currently used (e.g., corrected), can be determined, for example, by a user selection. In one embodiment, the signal provided from a transmission side can be inverse gamma-corrected based on a corresponding signal source, and a colorimetric error of the inverse gamma-corrected signal is preferably corrected using corresponding signal source information and display device information. The corrected colorimetric error signal can be gamma-corrected based on a corresponding display device and then can be displayed on the corresponding display device.
摘要:
Provided are a method and system for verifying a protein-protein interaction of a species by using a homology relationship between proteins of the species and proteins of other species. The method includes generating one or more protein homology relationships between source proteins of a species and heterogeneous proteins of one or more other species, generating one or more heterogeneous protein interactions corresponding to a specific source protein interaction using the generated one or more protein homology relationships, and determining whether the generated one or more heterogeneous protein interactions are present between the heterogeneous proteins of one or more species. Accordingly, a protein-protein interaction of a specific high-rank organism can be automatically verified by using protein-protein interactions of a low-rank organism that can be easily determined at low costs, without an expensive biological experiment.
摘要:
A method and system for keeping a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network database (DB) up-to-date by synchronizing protein information present in the PPI network DB with protein information present in a public DB which is frequently updated and is provided to the public are provided. The method of synchronizing protein information of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network database (DB) includes: (a) choosing a protein from a PPI network DB which stores a plurality of pieces of PPI information; (b) receiving up-to-date protein information corresponding to the chosen protein from a global protein DB which stores a plurality of pieces of up-to-date protein information that can be provided to the public, and keeping the local protein DB up-to-date by performing a global synchronization operation on a local protein DB such that protein information which corresponds to the chosen protein and is present in the local protein DB can be updated with the received up-to-date protein information, the local protein DB storing a plurality of pieces of protein information corresponding to the PPI network DB; and (c) receiving updated protein information obtained through the global synchronization operation from the local protein DB, and keeping the PPI network up-to-date by performing a local synchronization operation on the PPI network DB such that protein information which corresponds to the chosen protein and is present in the PPI network DB can be updated with the received updated protein information.
摘要:
A system and method for processing postal work using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) apparatus. With RFID applied to the postal work, the system includes a structure for managing postal devices used in postal registration center and postal delivery center such as embedded controllers for controlling monitors, audio alarms, alarm lamps and PDAs. The system also includes middleware for managing RFID readers and message repeater adopting Java Messaging Service (JMS) . This allows exchanging data received from the RFID reader by JMS transfer method, ensuring stable asynchronous exchange of information and effective monitoring of data transferred in an entire process of postal work. This also decreases the load of the middleware in a work environment where a large amount of data is received in a short period of time such as postal work process.
摘要:
Provided is a method of fabricating a nanoimprint mold which can form sub-100 nm fine pattern structures. The method includes forming patterns on a first substrate using an E-beam lithography (EBL) process, and transferring the patterns formed on the first substrate to a second substrate using a nanoimprint lithography (NIL) process to complete an NIL mold. Accordingly, the method can easily fabricate the nanoimprint mold at low costs on a quartz or glass substrate, which is not suitable for an EBL process to produce sub-100 nm patterns, by utilizing the advantages of the EBL process with a resolution of tens of nanometers.