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公开(公告)号：US06312845B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US08862273
申请日：1997-05-23
IPC分类号： H01M496
CPC分类号： H01M8/0234 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/8807 , H01M4/8817 , H01M4/8828 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1004 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly and a flow field adjacent thereto wherein the flow field comprises an electrically conductive porous material having a porosity of at least about 50 percent and a mean pore size of at least about 35 microns. This fuel cell is able to operate at relatively high current densities and relatively high voltages at reduced gas flow rates.
摘要翻译： 一种具有膜电极组件和与其相邻的流场的电化学燃料电池，其中流场包括具有至少约50％的孔隙率和至少约35微米的平均孔径的导电多孔材料。 该燃料电池能够以相对高的电流密度和相对较高的电压在降低的气体流速下操作。
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公开(公告)号：US5792830A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US762481
申请日：1996-12-09
CPC分类号： C08G73/0266
摘要： Described is a process for preparing polyaniline polymer which includes contacting aniline monomers with (a) hydrogen peroxide, (b) at least one acid, including hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, or a mixture thereof, and (c) a catalytic amount of at least one metal-containing compound or complex, under reaction conditions sufficient to form a polymerization reaction product containing a polyaniline polymer. It has been discovered that the processes described herein provide means to prepare polyaniline having a relatively high conductivity at a high degree of aniline monomer conversion using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant.
摘要翻译： 描述了制备聚苯胺聚合物的方法，其包括使苯胺单体与（a）过氧化氢，（b）至少一种酸（包括氯化氢，溴化氢或其混合物）接触，和（c）催化量至少 一种含金属的化合物或络合物，在足以形成含有聚苯胺聚合物的聚合反应产物的反应条件下。 已经发现，本文所述的方法提供了使用过氧化氢作为氧化剂在高度苯胺单体转化下制备具有较高导电性的聚苯胺的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US6072027A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-06
申请号：US972429
申请日：1997-11-18
CPC分类号： C08G73/127 , C08G61/122 , C08G73/0611 , H01B1/127 , H01B1/128
摘要： A process for preparing a conductive polymer is described. The process comprises reacting under polymerization conditions and in the presence of a reaction medium, a conductive polymer precursor, a strong acid, and a chlorate salt or chloric acid and an iron salt. It has surprisingly been discovered that this combination of oxidants promotes higher yields of the conductive polymer than either the chlorate salt or chloric acid or the iron salt.
摘要翻译： 描述了制备导电聚合物的方法。 该方法包括在聚合条件下和在反应介质，导电聚合物前体，强酸和氯酸盐或氯酸和铁盐的存在下反应。 令人惊奇地发现，氧化剂的这种组合促进导电聚合物的产率高于氯酸盐或氯酸或铁盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5620807A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US522482
申请日：1995-08-31
CPC分类号： H01M4/926 , H01M8/1004 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly and a layer of an electrically conductive porous material adjacent thereto which has at least two portions with different mean pore sizes, wherein a first portion of the layer adjacent to the membrane electrode assembly has a porosity no greater than a second portion of the layer adjacent to the opposite side of the layer; the second portion has a porosity of at least about 82 percent; and the second portion has an mean pore size which is at least about 10 microns and at least ten times greater than the mean pore size of the first portion.
摘要翻译： 一种具有膜电极组件和与其相邻的导电多孔材料层的电化学燃料电池，其具有至少两个具有不同平均孔径的部分，其中与膜电极组件相邻的层的第一部分的孔隙率不大 比层的与相对侧相邻的层的第二部分; 第二部分具有至少约82％的孔隙率; 并且第二部分具有比第一部分的平均孔径大至少约10微米且至少十倍的平均孔径。
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公开(公告)号：US6103413A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US82931
申请日：1998-05-21
IPC分类号： C25B13/08 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/18 , C25B9/20 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/24 , H01M6/48
CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/18 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0221 , H01M8/0226 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/0234 , H01M8/0245 , H01M8/0232 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/241 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： A bipolar separator plate for two electrochemical cells connected in series, the plate having two layers of a porous electronically conductive material having positioned therebetween a solid layer of a polymeric material having dispersed therein at least 1 percent by weight of a conductive filler, wherein the plate has an area resistivity of less than 1 ohm-cm.sup.2, and wherein the solid layer has a permeability of less than 50 .mu.Darcy (.mu.D).
摘要翻译： 用于两个串联连接的电化学电池的双极隔离板，该板具有两层多孔电子导电材料，多层电子导电材料在其间具有分散有至少1重量％导电填料的聚合材料的固体层，其中该板 面积电阻率小于1欧姆 - 厘米2，其中固体层具有小于50微米达西（μD）的渗透率。
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公开(公告)号：US08685222B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-01
申请号：US12912216
申请日：2010-10-26
CPC分类号： C25B3/04 , C07D213/803
摘要： The selective electrochemical reduction of halogenated 4-aminopicolinic acids is improved by activating the cathode at a final potential from about +1.0 to about +1.8 volts.
摘要翻译： 卤化4-氨基吡啶甲酸的选择性电化学还原通过在约+1.0至约+1.8伏特的最终电位下活化阴极而得到改善。
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7.发明授权Intermediates useful for the preparation of antihistaminic piperidine derivatives 失效用于制备抗组胺型哌啶衍生物的中间体公开(公告)号：US06348597B2
公开(公告)日：2002-02-19
申请号：US09824788
申请日：2001-04-04
申请人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
发明人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
IPC分类号： C07D21114
CPC分类号： C07D295/185 , C07C33/46 , C07C45/46 , C07C45/63 , C07C45/65 , C07C45/673 , C07C49/792 , C07C49/798 , C07C49/80 , C07C49/813 , C07C49/82 , C07C49/825 , C07C49/83 , C07C49/835 , C07C49/86 , C07C59/86 , C07C59/88 , C07C69/007 , C07C69/738 , C07C235/78 , C07C255/16 , C07C259/06 , C07C2601/02 , C07D211/22 , C07D401/06 , C07D401/10
摘要： The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法，其可用于制备W代表-C（= O） - 或-CH（OH） - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基，其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子，并且是直链或支链的，每个A是氢或羟基; 和其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体，条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键，m是整数0。
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8.发明授权Intermediates useful for the preparation of antihistaminic piperidine derivatives 失效用于制备抗组胺型哌啶衍生物的中间体公开(公告)号：US06566526B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09725291
申请日：2000-11-29
申请人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
发明人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
IPC分类号： C07D21122
CPC分类号： C07D295/185 , C07C33/46 , C07C45/46 , C07C45/63 , C07C45/65 , C07C45/673 , C07C49/792 , C07C49/798 , C07C49/80 , C07C49/813 , C07C49/82 , C07C49/825 , C07C49/83 , C07C49/835 , C07C49/86 , C07C59/86 , C07C59/88 , C07C69/007 , C07C69/738 , C07C235/78 , C07C255/16 , C07C259/06 , C07C2601/02 , C07D211/22 , C07D401/06 , C07D401/10
摘要： The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 to 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched; each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法，其可用于制备W代表-C（= O） - 或-CH（OH） - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 ; R 1和R 2一起形成带有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是0至1的整数; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基，其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子，为直链或支链; A为氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体，条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键，m是整数0。
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9.发明授权Intermediates useful for the preparation of antihistaminic piperidine derivatives 失效用于制备抗组胺型哌啶衍生物的中间体公开(公告)号：US06548675B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09729203
申请日：2000-12-05
申请人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
发明人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
IPC分类号： C07D21122
CPC分类号： C07D295/185 , C07C33/46 , C07C45/46 , C07C45/63 , C07C45/65 , C07C45/673 , C07C49/792 , C07C49/798 , C07C49/80 , C07C49/813 , C07C49/82 , C07C49/825 , C07C49/83 , C07C49/835 , C07C49/86 , C07C59/86 , C07C59/88 , C07C69/007 , C07C69/738 , C07C235/78 , C07C255/16 , C07C259/06 , C07C2601/02 , C07D211/22 , C07D401/06 , C07D401/10
摘要： The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken to form a second bond between the carbon atoms R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy integer 0.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法，其可用于制备W代表-C（= O） - 或-CH（OH） - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基，其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子，并且是直链或支链的，每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体，条件是其中R1和R2被取代形成碳原子R1和R2之间的第二个键，或其中R1表示羟基整数0。
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10.发明授权Intermediates useful for the preparation of antihistaminic piperidine derivatives 失效用于制备抗组胺型哌啶衍生物的中间体公开(公告)号：US06441179B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09818966
申请日：2001-03-28
申请人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
发明人： Richard C. Krauss , Robert M. Strom , Carey L. Scortichini , William J. Kruper , Richard A. Wolf , Weishi W. Wu , Albert A. Carr , David A. Hay , Duane E. Rudisill , Gianbattista Panzone
IPC分类号： C07D21114
CPC分类号： C07D295/185 , C07C33/46 , C07C45/46 , C07C45/63 , C07C45/65 , C07C45/673 , C07C49/792 , C07C49/798 , C07C49/80 , C07C49/813 , C07C49/82 , C07C49/825 , C07C49/83 , C07C49/835 , C07C49/86 , C07C59/86 , C07C59/88 , C07C69/007 , C07C69/738 , C07C235/78 , C07C255/16 , C07C259/06 , C07C2601/02 , C07D211/22 , C07D401/06 , C07D401/10
摘要： The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法，其可用于制备W代表-C（= O） - 或-CH（OH） - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基，其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子，并且是直链或支链的，每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体，条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键，m是整数0。
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