摘要:
Processes for the production of chlorinated alkanes are provided. The present processes comprise reacting one or more mono- and/or dichloroalkanes to form tri-, tetra- and/or pentachloroalkanes, with high regioselectivity. In those embodiments wherein a dichloroalkane is desirably utilized, it may advantageously be a vicinal dichloroalkane. Further, only one catalyst is utilized. The present processes make use of sulfuryl chloride as a chlorinating agent, rather than a gaseous chlorinating agent such as chlorine gas. Finally, the process uses lower intensity process conditions than at least some conventional processes, and thus, operating costs are saved.
摘要:
Processes for the production of chlorinated propenes are provided. The present processes make use of 1,2-dichloropropane, a by-product in the production of chlorohydrin, as a low cost starting material, alone or in combination with 1,2,3-trichloropropane. The present processes can also generate anhydrous HCl as a byproduct that can be removed from the process and used as a feedstock for other processes, providing further time and cost savings. Finally, the processes are advantageously conducted in the liquid phase, thereby presenting additional savings as compared to conventional, gas phase processes.
摘要:
A process for producing a chlorohydrin, an ester of a chlorohydrin, or a mixture thereof including the steps of contacting, in a hydrochlorination reactor, a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an ester of a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof with a source of a hydrogen chloride, in the presence of a hydrophobic or extractable carboxylic acid catalyst is provided.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for converting a multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon or ester thereof to a chlorohydrin, by contacting the multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon or ester thereof starting material with a source of hydrogen chloride at superatmospheric, atmospheric and subatmospheric pressure conditions for a sufficient time and at a sufficient temperature, preferably wherein such contracting step is carried out without substantial removal of water, to produce the desired chlorohydrin product; wherein the desired product or products can be made in high yield without substantial formation of undesired overchlorinated byproducts; said process carried out without a step undertaken to specifically remove volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon by-products or chloroacetone, wherein the combined concentration of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon by-products and chloroacetone is less than 2000 ppm throughout any stage of the said process.
摘要:
The present invention provides adiabatic plug flow reactors suitable for the production of chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene and higher alkenes from the reaction of chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes and chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkenes. The reactors comprise one or more designs that minimize the production of by-products at a desired conversion.
摘要:
Extruded polymer foams are prepared using 5,5-bis(bromomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane or brominated 2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane compounds. The brominated FR additives unexpectedly are stable at the extrusion temperatures, and provide excellent flame retardancy to the foams.
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 to 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched; each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 ; R 1和R 2一起形成带有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是0至1的整数; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,为直链或支链; A为氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken to form a second bond between the carbon atoms R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,并且是直链或支链的,每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R1和R2被取代形成碳原子R1和R2之间的第二个键,或其中R1表示羟基整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,并且是直链或支链的,每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
Compositions comprising: A) an aluminum compound corresponding to the formula AlArf3, where Arf is a fluorinated aromatic hydrocarbyl moiety of from 6 to 30 carbon atoms; B) an aluminum compound corresponding to the formula: AlArfQ1Q2, or a dimer, adduct, or mixture thereof; where: Arf is as previously defined; Q1 is Arf or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group, optionally substituted with one or more cyclohydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, hydrocarbylsilyl, silylhydrocarbyl, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, or hydrocarbylsulfido groups having from 1 to 20 atoms other than hydrogen, or, further optionally, such substituents may be covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems; and Q2 is an aryloxy, arylsulfide or di(hydrocarbyl)amido group, optionally substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl, cyclohydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, hydrocarbylsilyl, silylhydrocarbyl, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, or hydrocarbylsulfido groups having from 1 to 20 atoms other than hydrogen, or, further optionally such substituents may be covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems, said Q2 having from 3 to 20 atoms other than hydrogen; and the molar ratio of A):B) in the composition being from 0.1:1 to 10:1 are useful as activators for olefin polymerizations.