摘要:
A SAM avalanche photodiode formed with an epitaxially regrown guard ring and a planar P-N junction defined between a cap layer and a multiplication layer. The multiplication layer is part of a multi-layer semiconductor platform having a conductivity opposite to the conductivity type of the cap layer, including a light absorption layer, a substrate and an intermediate layer. A second embodiment of the present invention is disclosed including a SAM avalanche photodiode having a guard ring with a variable distribution of impurity dopant concentrations. In addition, a third embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in which a narrow band gap layer completely covers the cap layer and a non-alloy metal contact is formed to completely cover the narrow band gap layer, forming a mirror junction. In this embodiment, incident light is shined through the substrate and reflected from the mirror junction, enhancing the absorption efficiency.
摘要:
A SAM avalanche photodiode formed with an epitaxially regrown guard ring and a planar P-N junction defined between a cap layer and a multiplication layer. The multiplication layer is part of a multi-layer semiconductor platform having a conductivity opposite to the conductivity type of the cap layer, including a light absorption layer, a substrate and an intermediate layer. A second embodiment of the present invention is disclosed including a SAM avalanche photodiode having a guard ring with a variable distribution of impurity dopant concentrations. In addition, a third embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in which a narrow band gap layer completely covers the cap layer and a non-alloy metal contact is formed to completely cover the narrow band gap layer, forming a mirror junction. In this embodiment, incident light is shined through the substrate and reflected from the mirror junction, enhancing the absorption efficiency.
摘要:
A mesa-structure avalanche photodiode in which a buffer region in the surface of the mesa structure effectively eliminates the sharply-angled, heavily doped part of the cap layer that existed adjacent the lightly-doped n-type multiplication layer and p-type guard ring before the buffer region was formed. This reduces electric field strength at the ends of the planar epitaxial P-N junction and prevents edge breakdown in this junction. The lateral extent of the guard ring is defined by a window formed in a masking layer prior to regrowth of the guard ring. This guard ring structure eliminates the need to perform additional processing steps to define the lateral extent of the guard ring and passivate the periphery of the guard ring.
摘要:
A hybrid RJ-45 plug is provided that has both an electrical coupling configuration and an optical coupling configuration. The electrical coupling configuration is an 8P8C electrical wiring configuration that complies with the RJ-45 electrical wiring standard. The optical coupling configuration includes an optics system that provides the plug with optical communications capabilities. The hybrid RJ-45 plug is backwards compatible with an existing RJ-45 jack that implements an RJ-45 electrical wiring standard. However, the hybrid RJ-45 plug is also configured to mate with an optical jack that has only optical communications capabilities and to mate with a hybrid RJ-45 jack that has both optical and electrical communications capabilities.
摘要:
An electrical-to-optical and optical-to-electrical converter plug device includes a plug-shaped housing assembly, electrical contact fingers, a substantially planar circuit substrate, an optics block, and one or more opto-electronic conversion devices mounted on the circuit substrate. The opto-electronic signal conversion device has a device optical axis oriented normal to the circuit substrate and electrically coupled to the contact fingers. The optics block has a device optical port aligned with the device optical axis. The optics block has a fiber optical port oriented perpendicularly to the device optical axis. The optics block includes an optical reflector interposed in an optical path between the device optical port and the fiber optical port for redirecting an optical signal at an angle of substantially 90 degrees between a device optical port and a corresponding fiber optical port. An optical fiber can be coupled to the fiber optical port.
摘要:
A connector assembly is provided that has optical communications capabilities and high data rate electrical communications capabilities and that is backwards compatible with one or more USB standards. A socket of the connector assembly has high data rate electrical connections and USB electrical connections such that it is capable of supporting high data rate signaling protocols for high data rate devices as well as USB signaling protocols. A plug of the connector assembly has high data rate electrical connections, USB electrical connections, and an optical-to-electrical (OE)/electrical-to-optical (EO) conversion module. The socket can be mated with the plug of the invention and with USB plugs that are compliant with existing USB plugs. Thus, both the socket and the plug have backwards compatibility with one or more existing USB standards.
摘要:
A semiconductor device is provided that includes an optical feedback structure that is monolithically integrated with a VCSEL device and which extends the speed of the VCSEL device beyond the speed to which it would otherwise be limited due to relaxation oscillation. The optical feedback structure does not rely on light emissions from the VCSEL substrate material to produce optical feedback. Consequently, extension of the bandwidth of the semiconductor device through the use of optical feedback is not limited by the absorption threshold wavelength of the substrate material. Furthermore, because the optical feedback structure does not include the substrate, the ability to use optical feedback to extend the bandwidth of the device is independent of the precision with which the substrate thickness can be controlled.
摘要:
A semiconductor device is provided that includes an optical feedback structure that is monolithically integrated with a VCSEL device and which extends the speed of the VCSEL device beyond the speed to which it would otherwise be limited due to relaxation oscillation. The optical feedback structure does not rely on light emissions from the VCSEL substrate material to produce optical feedback. Consequently, extension of the bandwidth of the semiconductor device through the use of optical feedback is not limited by the absorption threshold wavelength of the substrate material. Furthermore, because the optical feedback structure does not include the substrate, the ability to use optical feedback to extend the bandwidth of the device is independent of the precision with which the substrate thickness can be controlled.
摘要:
A pulse compressor consisting of a loaded transmission line having a pluraltiy of sections which have a ratio of dispersion to nonlinearity that decreases in the direction of pulse transmission.
摘要:
An optical cable system includes switching circuitry, a resistance network, optical-to-electrical conversion circuitry, and electrical-to-optical conversion circuitry. The electrical-to-optical conversion circuitry can convert an electrical transmit signal into an optical transmit signal. When the optical-to-electrical conversion circuitry detects a received optical signal having an optical power exceeding a threshold, the optical-to-electrical conversion circuitry produces a switching signal that causes the switching circuitry to couple the resistance network to a terminal or other node associated with the electrical transmit signal, thereby changing the impedance at that node as perceived by plug-in detection circuitry of a device such as a computer or peripheral.