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1.发明授权System and method to anonymously test for proximity of mobile users without revealing individual phase space coordinates 有权系统和方法匿名测试移动用户的接近度，而不显示单个相位空间坐标公开(公告)号：US06823190B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US10065949
申请日：2002-12-03
IPC分类号： H04Q720
CPC分类号： H04W4/02 , G08B2001/085 , H04M3/42229 , H04M2242/30 , H04W8/18
摘要： Described is a way for computing proximity (location-based proximity or preference-based proximity) between mobile wireless subscribers (who use different services) without either divulging their location/preference to the other (preservation of privacy). Privacy is kept by providing location/preference information in steps, along with an evaluation function. The services receive partial results and then locally compute the final result, or proximity. The term proximity includes not just physical proximity but also multi-dimensional data such as preference profiles and vectors (e.g., an affinity for baseball, apple pie, and ballroom dancing).
摘要翻译： 描述的是在移动无线用户（使用不同的服务）之间计算接近度（基于位置的接近度或基于偏好的接近度）的方式，而不将其位置/偏好泄露给另一个（保护隐私）。 通过逐步提供位置/偏好信息以及评估功能来保护隐私。 服务会获得部分结果，然后本地计算最终结果或邻近度。 术语接近度不仅包括物理接近度，而且还包括诸如偏好轮廓和向量的多维数据（例如，对棒球，苹果派和舞厅跳舞的亲和力）。
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公开(公告)号：US06774811B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-10
申请号：US09773597
申请日：2001-02-02
IPC分类号： G08B522
CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 , G01S5/02 , G06Q20/203
摘要： An item of value to one or more individuals in a group is tracked wherein each valuable object is tagged, and one or more members of the group carry a personal information management (PIM) device equipped with a sensor which constantly scans for the presence of a known valuable. The sensor is able to detect the type of tag(s) used by the group of individuals. Whenever a member of the group carrying a PIM device comes across a known tagged valuable, the system detects it and logs the location, valuable ID, and user ID in a database. Optionally, visual data is captured from the valuable and compared against a standard located in a database in order to locate the valuable.
摘要翻译： 跟踪一组中的一个或多个个体的价值，其中每个有价值对象被标记，并且该组中的一个或多个成员携带配备有传感器的个人信息管理（PIM）设备，该传感器不断扫描存在 已知有价值。 传感器能够检测该组个体使用的标签类型。 每当携带PIM设备的组成员遇到已知的标签有价值时，系统将检测它并将位置，有价值的ID和用户ID记录在数据库中。 可选地，可视数据从有价值的捕获并与位于数据库中的标准进行比较，以便定位有价值的。
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3.发明授权Method and means for limiting adverse use of counterfeit credit cards, access badges, electronic accounts or the like 失效用于限制伪造信用卡的不利用途，访问徽章，电子帐户等的方法和手段
公开(公告)号：US5991411A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US729256
申请日：1996-10-08
IPC分类号： G06F1/00 , G06F11/34 , G06F13/00 , G06F21/20 , G06Q20/08 , G06Q20/10 , G06Q20/34 , G06Q20/36 , G06Q20/40 , G06Q40/00 , G07F7/10 , G07F7/12 , H04L9/32 , G06K5/00 , G07F7/08 , H04L9/00
CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 , G06Q20/085 , G06Q20/10 , G06Q20/341 , G06Q20/3674 , G06Q20/40 , G06Q20/4093 , G06Q40/00 , G07F7/08 , G07F7/12 , G07F7/122
摘要： A system for rejecting second and subsequent copies of an informationally-equivalent card or badge asserted into a client/server system by processing only those cards having transaction histories recorded thereon by comparison matching a history recorded in a central repository and then rewriting the history on the card and in the repository. The rewritten histories include the current transaction. Counterfeit cards, informationally equivalent to the original card prior to the transaction update of the original card, will be rejected when asserted into the system since their histories mismatch that recorded in the repository.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过仅对通过记录在中央存储库中记录的历史进行比较的那些仅处理其上记录有交易历史的那些卡来拒绝信息等同的卡或证券的第二个和后续副本的系统，然后重写历史 卡和存储库中。 重写历史包括当前交易。 由于记录在存储库中的历史不匹配，在原始卡的交易更新之前，信用卡等于原始卡的伪造卡将被拒绝。
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4.发明授权System, method, and service for dynamically selecting an optimum message pathway 失效用于动态选择最佳消息路径的系统，方法和服务公开(公告)号：US07957363B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US11139799
申请日：2005-05-26
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L67/327 , H04L45/12 , H04L51/14
摘要： A message pathway selection system dynamically selects an optimum message pathway for transmitting messages. The system dynamically optimizes a message pathway according to various criteria such as, for example, efficiency, economy, data requirements, auditing requirements, security, data size, etc. The system can direct a message to bypass an infrastructure messaging server, using a direct message pathway. The system can also switch from an infrastructure messaging server to a direct method. The system can also utilize an infrastructure messaging pathway either as an alternative or in parallel with the direct message pathway. The system allows an application to use a single communication system for both a direct mode and an infrastructure mode of data transfer. The present system can bypass the infrastructure message pathway, thus reducing message latency, number of messages sent, and improving overall bandwidth.
摘要翻译： 消息路径选择系统动态地选择用于发送消息的最佳消息路径。 系统根据各种标准动态优化消息路径，例如效率，经济性，数据需求，审计要求，安全性，数据大小等。系统可以使用直接的方式指导消息绕过基础设施消息传递服务器 消息通路。 系统还可以从基础架构消息传递服务器切换到直接方法。 该系统还可以利用基础设施消息传递路径作为替代或与直接消息路径并行。 系统允许应用程序使用单个通信系统进行数据传输的直接模式和基础架构模式。 本系统可以绕过基础设施消息通道，从而减少消息延迟，发送消息数量，提高整体带宽。
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5.发明授权Magnetic memory array using magnetic tunnel junction devices in the memory cells 失效磁存储阵列在存储单元中使用磁性隧道结器件
公开(公告)号：US5640343A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US618004
申请日：1996-03-18
申请人： William Joseph Gallagher , James Harvey Kaufman , Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin , Roy Edwin Scheuerlein
发明人： William Joseph Gallagher , James Harvey Kaufman , Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin , Roy Edwin Scheuerlein
IPC分类号： G11C11/15 , G11C11/16 , H01L21/8246 , H01L27/22 , G11C13/00
CPC分类号： H01L27/224 , B82Y10/00 , G11C11/15 , G11C11/16
摘要： A nonvolatile magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is an array of individual magnetic memory cells. Each memory cell is a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) element and a diode electrically connected in series. Each MTJ is formed of a pinned ferromagnetic layer whose magnetization direction is prevented from rotating, a free ferromagnetic layer whose magnetization direction is free to rotate between states of parallel and antiparallel to the fixed magnetization of the pinned ferromagnetic layer, and an insulating tunnel barrier between and in contact with the two ferromagnetic layers. Each memory cell has a high resistance that is achieved in a very small surface area by controlling the thickness, and thus the electrical barrier height, of the tunnel barrier layer. The memory cells in the array are controlled by only two lines, and the write currents to change the magnetic state of an MTJ, by use of the write currents' inherent magnetic fields to rotate the magnetization of the free layer, do not pass through the tunnel barrier layer. All MTJ elements, diodes, and contacts are vertically arranged at the intersection regions of the two lines and between the two lines to minimize the total MRAM surface area. The power expended to read or sense the memory cell's magnetic state is reduced by the high resistance of the MTJ and by directing the sensing current through a single memory cell.
摘要翻译： 非易失磁性随机存取存储器（MRAM）是单个磁存储单元阵列。 每个存储单元是磁性隧道结（MTJ）元件和串联电连接的二极管。 每个MTJ由其磁化方向被阻止旋转的被钉扎的铁磁层形成，一个自由铁磁层，其磁化方向在被固定的铁磁层的固定磁化平行和反平行的状态之间自由旋转;以及绝缘隧道势垒 并与两个铁磁层接触。 每个存储单元具有通过控制隧道势垒层的厚度以及因此控制电势势垒高度而在非常小的表面积中实现的高电阻。 阵列中的存储单元仅由两条线控制，并且通过使用写入电流的固有磁场来旋转自由层的磁化，改变MTJ的磁状态的写入电流不会通过 隧道势垒层。 所有MTJ元件，二极管和触点垂直布置在两条线和两条线之间的交叉区域，以最小化总MRAM表面积。 消耗读取或感测存储单元的磁状态的功率被MTJ的高电阻降低，并通过将感测电流引导通过单个存储单元。
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公开(公告)号：US5767624A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-16
申请号：US670480
申请日：1996-06-26
申请人： Joseph Grover Gordon, II , Sigfried Friedrich Karg , James Harvey Kaufman , Martin Kreyenschmidt , Robert Dennis Miller , John Campbell Scott
发明人： Joseph Grover Gordon, II , Sigfried Friedrich Karg , James Harvey Kaufman , Martin Kreyenschmidt , Robert Dennis Miller , John Campbell Scott
CPC分类号： H01L51/5012 , H05B33/10 , H05B33/14
摘要： The invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a light emitting composition disposed between a first and second electrode. The composition comprises a charge transporting polymer and an organic salt comprising immobilized anions and cations nonuniformly distributed in the polymer matrix.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包含设置在第一和第二电极之间的发光组合物的有机电致发光器件。 该组合物包含电荷输送聚合物和包含不均匀分布在聚合物基质中的固定阴离子和阳离子的有机盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5705287A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US309274
申请日：1994-09-20
申请人： Mary Frances Doerner , James Harvey Kaufman , Serhat Metin , Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Mirzamaani , Anthony Wai Wu
发明人： Mary Frances Doerner , James Harvey Kaufman , Serhat Metin , Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Mirzamaani , Anthony Wai Wu
CPC分类号： G11B5/7325 , G11B5/72 , G11B5/8404
摘要： A thin film cobalt alloy magnetic recording disk has a metal nitride layer located between the disk substrate and the top surface of the disk to provide texturing of the disk at the head-disk interface. The texturing layer is made up of generally contiguous clusters of aluminum nitride (AlN) with rounded upper surfaces that are formed on top of the substrate and under the conventional Cr underlayer. The AlN texturing layer is formed by sputtering an Al target in the presence of N.sub.2 gas. The subsequently sputter-deposited Cr underlayer, cobalt alloy magnetic layer and protective amorphous carbon overcoat replicate the upper surface of the contiguous AlN clusters, resulting in a textured surface at the head-disk interface. The AlN texturing layer may also be sputter deposited above the magnetic layer in the middle of the protective carbon overcoat. The density and size of the AlN clusters in the texturing layer, and thus the texture of the completed disk at the head-disk interface, are controlled by the amount of N.sub.2, the sputtering power and pressure, and the substrate temperature.
摘要翻译： 薄膜钴合金磁记录盘具有位于盘基板和盘顶部之间的金属氮化物层，以在磁头 - 磁盘接口处提供盘的纹理化。 纹理层由通常连续的氮化铝（AlN）簇组成，其具有圆形的上表面，其形成在衬底的顶部和在常规Cr底层下方。 AlN纹理层通过在N 2气体存在下溅射Al靶而形成。 随后溅射沉积的Cr底层，钴合金磁性层和保护性无定形碳外涂层复制邻接的AlN簇的上表面，导致在磁头 - 磁盘界面处的纹理表面。 AlN纹理层也可以在保护性碳覆盖层中间的磁性层上方溅射沉积。 纹理层中的AlN簇的密度和尺寸以及由此在磁头 - 磁盘接口处完成的磁盘的纹理受到N2的量，溅射功率和压力以及衬底温度的控制。
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