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    Noninvasive system for characterizing tissue in vivo
    1.
    发明授权
    Noninvasive system for characterizing tissue in vivo 失效
    用于表征体内组织的无创系统

    公开(公告)号：US5807261A

    公开(公告)日：1998-09-15

    申请号：US486604

    申请日：1995-06-07

    申请人： David A. Benaron ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  David E. Goodman ,  Robert S. Smith

    发明人： David A. Benaron ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  David E. Goodman ,  Robert S. Smith

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B19/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： A61B17/3417 ,  A61B17/3494 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/3474 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B2017/00022 ,  A61B2017/00057 ,  A61B2017/00061 ,  A61B2017/00119 ,  A61B2017/00123 ,  A61B2017/00508 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2090/3614 ,  A61B2560/0276 ,  A61B2562/0242 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  A61B5/0075

    摘要： A tool for nondestructive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于非破坏性询问组织的工具，包括光源发射器和检测器，其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。 光源可以是宽带的，并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅，或者使用时间，频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。 或者，可以提供n个离散单色光源，其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。 光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中，例如具有配合的钳口（双壳体或多元件）的组织抓取工具。 在优选实施例中，光源（或光纤引导件）安装在一个钳口上，并且检测器（或光纤引导件）安装在相对的钳口中，使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对（即， 在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上）或锐利地（即，具有相交的光轴，使得检测到发射的光）。 在这种情况下，传感器以传输模式工作。 公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。

    Tissue penetrating apparatus and methods
    2.
    发明授权
    Tissue penetrating apparatus and methods 失效
    组织穿透装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5460182A

    公开(公告)日：1995-10-24

    申请号：US944516

    申请日：1992-09-14

    申请人： David E. Goodman ,  Daniel S. Goldberger

    发明人： David E. Goodman ,  Daniel S. Goldberger

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/6848 ,  A61B17/3417 ,  A61B17/3494 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/3474 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B2017/00022 ,  A61B2017/00057 ,  A61B2017/00061 ,  A61B2017/00119 ,  A61B2017/00123 ,  A61B2017/00508 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2090/3614 ,  A61B2560/0276 ,  A61B2562/08

    摘要： A tissue penetrating apparatus including a surgical appliance having a sharp tip for penetrating tissue, a first optical element for emitting one or more selected monochromatic wavelengths of light, and a second optical element for sensing light corresponding to the one or more selected monochromatic wavelengths of light. The first and second optical elements are optical transmission fibers secured to the appliance proximate to the tip so that one fiber passes one or more monochromatic wavelengths of light into the tissue to be penetrated, and the other fiber passes the light sensed to a light detector. A control circuit is used to illuminate the one or more light sources to emit light out one of the first and second optical fibers, and to provide an electrical signal corresponding to the light sensed at the other of the first and second optical fibers. The electrical signal includes sensed light at each of the monochromatic wavelengths of light emitted, and sensed light in the absence of emitted light. An analysis circuit or a microprocessor based device may be used for processing the electrical signals and determining when the appliance tip has entered a body cavity. An annunciator is actuated to indicate the relative extent of passage through the tissue and when penetration has occurred.

    摘要翻译： 一种组织穿透装置，其包括具有用于穿透组织的尖锐尖端的外科器具，用于发射一个或多个所选择的单色波长的光的第一光学元件和用于感测与所述一个或多个选定的单色波长的光对应的光的第二光学元件 。 第一和第二光学元件是固定到靠近尖端的器具的光传输光纤，使得一个光纤将一个或多个单色波长的光通过要被穿透的组织中，并且另一个光纤将感测到的光通过光检测器。 控制电路用于照亮一个或多个光源以发出第一和第二光纤之一的光，并且提供对应于在第一和第二光纤中的另一个处感测的光的电信号。 电信号包括在发射的光的每个单色波长处的感测光，以及在没有发射光的情况下感测到的光。 可以使用分析电路或基于微处理器的设备来处理电信号并确定器具尖端何时进入体腔。 启动信号器以指示通过组织的相对程度，并且当穿透发生时。

    Tissue interrogating device and methods
    3.
    发明授权
    Tissue interrogating device and methods 失效
    组织询问装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US5769791A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

    申请号：US472863

    申请日：1995-06-07

    申请人： David A. Benaron ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  David E. Goodman ,  Robert S. Smith

    发明人： David A. Benaron ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  David E. Goodman ,  Robert S. Smith

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B19/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： A61B17/3417 ,  A61B17/3494 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/3474 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B2017/00022 ,  A61B2017/00057 ,  A61B2017/00061 ,  A61B2017/00119 ,  A61B2017/00123 ,  A61B2017/00508 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2090/3614 ,  A61B2560/0276 ,  A61B2562/0242 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  A61B5/0075

    摘要： A tool for nondestructive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于非破坏性询问组织的工具，包括光源发射器和检测器，其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。 光源可以是宽带的，并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅，或者使用时间，频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。 或者，可以提供n个离散单色光源，其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。 光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中，例如具有配合的钳口（双壳体或多元件）的组织抓取工具。 在优选实施例中，光源（或光纤引导件）安装在一个钳口上，并且检测器（或光纤引导件）安装在相对的钳口中，使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对（即， 在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上）或锐利地（即，具有相交的光轴，使得检测到发射的光）。 在这种情况下，传感器以传输模式工作。 公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。

    Device for isolating regions of living tissue
    6.
    发明授权
    Device for isolating regions of living tissue 失效
    用于隔离活组织区域的装置

    公开(公告)号：US06631282B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-10-07

    申请号：US09970021

    申请日：2001-10-02

    申请人： Peter Rule ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Julian Cortella ,  Mark D. Agostino

    发明人： Peter Rule ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Julian Cortella ,  Mark D. Agostino

    IPC分类号： A61B500

    CPC分类号： A61B5/6841 ,  A61B5/061 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/1455

    摘要： A device and method are provided for use with a non-invasive optical measurement system, such as a thermal gradient spectrometer for improved determination of analyte concentrations within living tissue. In a preferred embodiment, a site selector is secured to a patient's forearm thereby isolating a measurement site on the patient's skin for determination of blood glucose levels. The site selector attaches to a thermal mass window of the spectrometer and thus forms an interface between the patient's skin and the thermal mass window. When the spectrometer must be temporarily removed from the patient's skin, such as to allow the patient mobility, the site selector is left secured to the forearm so as to maintain a consistent measurement site on the skin. When the spectrometer is later reattached to the patient, the site selector will again form an interface between the gradient spectrometer and the same location of skin as before.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于非侵入式光学测量系统的装置和方法，所述非侵入性光学测量系统例如用于改善生物体内分析物浓度测定的热梯度光谱仪。 在优选实施例中，站点选择器被固定到患者的前臂，从而隔离患者皮肤上的测量部位以确定血糖水平。 站点选择器连接到光谱仪的热质量窗口，从而形成患者皮肤和热质量窗口之间的界面。 当光谱仪必须临时从病人的皮肤上移除时，例如允许患者移动，将场地选择器固定在前臂上，以保持皮肤上一致的测量部位。 当光谱仪后来重新连接到患者时，站点选择器将再次形成梯度光谱仪和与之前相同的皮肤位置之间的界面。

    In vivo tissue analysis methods and apparatus
    9.
    发明授权
    In vivo tissue analysis methods and apparatus 失效
    体内组织分析方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5785658A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

    申请号：US473004

    申请日：1995-06-07

    申请人： David A. Benaron ,  Daniel S. Goldberger

    发明人： David A. Benaron ,  Daniel S. Goldberger

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B19/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： A61B17/3417 ,  A61B17/3494 ,  A61B18/00 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  A61B17/068 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/3474 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B2017/00022 ,  A61B2017/00057 ,  A61B2017/00061 ,  A61B2017/00119 ,  A61B2017/00123 ,  A61B2017/00508 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2090/3614 ,  A61B2560/0276 ,  A61B2562/0242 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  A61B5/0075

    摘要： A tool for nondestructive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于非破坏性询问组织的工具，包括光源发射器和检测器，其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。 光源可以是宽带的，并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅，或者使用时间，频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。 或者，可以提供n个离散单色光源，其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。 光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中，例如具有配合的钳口（双壳体或多元件）的组织抓取工具。 在优选实施例中，光源（或光纤引导件）安装在一个钳口上，并且检测器（或光纤引导件）安装在相对的钳口中，使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对（即， 在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上）或锐利地（即，具有相交的光轴，使得检测到发射的光）。 在这种情况下，传感器以传输模式工作。 公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。

    Noninvasive pulsed infrared spectrophotometer
    10.
    发明授权
    Noninvasive pulsed infrared spectrophotometer 失效
    无创脉冲红外分光光度计

    公开(公告)号：US5313941A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-24

    申请号：US10634

    申请日：1993-01-28

    申请人： James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger

    发明人： James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger

    IPC分类号： A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  G01N21/35

    CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3581

    摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring glucose, ethyl alcohol and other blood constituents in a noninvasive manner. The measurements are made by monitoring infrared absorption of the desired blood constituent in the long infrared wavelength range where the blood constituent has a strong and distinguishable absorption spectrum. The long wavelength infrared energy is passed through a finger or other vascularized appendage and the measurement made. To prevent the high energy source from burning or causing patient discomfort, only short bursts or pulses of energy are sent through the finger with a very low duty cycle and low optical bandwidth. The bursts are further synchronized with systole and diastole of the cardiac cycle so that only two pulses are sent per heart beat, one during diastole and one during systole. The detection signals measured during application of these bursts of energy are then used to calculate the concentration of the blood constituents in accordance with a polynomial equation.

    摘要翻译： 一种以非侵入性方式监测葡萄糖，乙醇和其他血液成分的方法和装置。 通过监测血液成分具有强烈且可区分的吸收光谱的长红外波长范围内的所需血液成分的红外吸收来进行测量。 长波长红外能量通过手指或其他血管附着物进行测量。 为了防止高能源燃烧或引起患者不适，只有短脉冲或能量脉冲通过手指以非常低的占空比和低的光学带宽发送。 脉冲进一步与心动周期的收缩和舒张同步，使得每个心跳只发送两个脉冲，一个在舒张期期间发送，一个在心脏收缩期间发送。 然后使用在应用这些脉冲能量期间测量的检测信号根据多项式方程计算血液成分的浓度。