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公开(公告)号：US5853497A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US764805
申请日：1996-12-12
IPC分类号： H01L25/04 , H01L31/0687 , H01L25/00 , H01L31/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/0687 , H01L31/043 , H01L2924/0002 , Y02E10/544
摘要： A two-terminal voltage or current matched solar cell has up to four photovoltaically active junctions which efficiently convert solar radiation into electricity. The solar cell comprises GaInP, GaAs, and GaInAsP, and in the four junction case, GaInAs is used as well. The invention allows the solar spectrum to be converted into electricity more efficiently than previously.
摘要翻译： 双端电压或电流匹配的太阳能电池具有多达四个光伏活性接头，可有效地将太阳辐射转换成电。 太阳能电池包括GaInP，GaAs和GaInAsP，并且在四结的情况下也使用GaInAs。 本发明允许太阳光谱比以前更有效地转换成电力。
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公开(公告)号：US5394426A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-28
申请号：US976072
申请日：1992-11-13
申请人： David E. Joslin
发明人： David E. Joslin
CPC分类号： H01S5/4031 , A61B18/20 , H01S5/02272 , H01S5/024 , H01S5/02423 , H01S5/4018 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/405
摘要： Laser apparatus comprising a support that is operative as a heat sink, a diode laser bar assembly, a metallized insulating layer disposed between the substrate and laser bar assembly and an interconnection layer adapted to couple the substrate to the laser bar assembly by means of the metalized insulating layer. The diode laser bar assembly comprises a plurality of laser diode bars having a plurality of lasing sections formed along a lateral edge thereof. First and second metal contacts are disposed on respective adjacent lateral edges of adjacent diode bars, and the metal contacts are separated by a thin layer of metal alloy. One contact forms a positive electrical contact for one laser bar, and the other metal contact forms a negative contact for the adjacent laser bar. A dielectric mirror is disposed on a bottom surface of each of the laser diode bars and an antireflection coating disposed on a top surface of each of the laser diode bars. The present laser apparatus reduces the complexity and cost of diode laser arrays and provides for increased peak power output and improved heat removal. The present diode laser bar assembly may be used in laser surgery systems, solid laser welding, and x-ray photolithography systems where giant pulse solid state lasers are used to create plasmas that generate x-rays. The advantages provided by the diode laser bar assembly are longevity, less heat generation in solid state lasers that are pumped, and greater overall conversion efficiency.
摘要翻译： 激光设备包括可用作散热器的支撑件，二极管激光棒组件，设置在基板和激光棒组件之间的金属化绝缘层，以及互连层，其适于通过金属化的方式将基板耦合到激光棒组件 绝缘层。 二极管激光棒组件包括多个激光二极管棒，其具有沿着其横向边缘形成的多个激光部分。 第一和第二金属触点设置在相邻二极管条的相邻相邻侧边缘上，并且金属触点被金属合金薄层分开。 一个触点形成一个激光棒的正电触点，而另一个金属触点形成相邻激光条的负触点。 电介质反射镜设置在每个激光二极管条的底表面和设置在每个激光二极管条的顶表面上的抗反射涂层。 本激光装置降低了二极管激光器阵列的复杂性和成本，并提供了增加的峰值功率输出和改进的散热。 本发明的二极管激光棒组件可用于激光手术系统，固体激光焊接和x射线光刻系统，其中使用巨脉冲固态激光器来产生产生x射线的等离子体。 由二极管激光棒组件提供的优点是长寿命，在泵浦的固态激光器中产生的热量更少，并且总的转换效率更高。
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公开(公告)号：US10069026B2
公开(公告)日：2018-09-04
申请号：US11305967
申请日：2005-12-19
IPC分类号： H01L31/00 , H01L31/0725 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/0735 , H01L31/075 , H01L31/078 , B82Y20/00
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for a dual heterojunction multijunction solar cell are disclosed. A method in accordance with the present invention comprises growing a base material for a solar cell, growing at least one dual heterojunction on the base material, and growing an emitter on the at least one dual heterojunction. An apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises a substrate, and a first subcell, coupled to the substrate, wherein the first subcell comprises a base region, coupled to the substrate, an emitter region, and at least one dual heterojunction, coupled between the base region and the emitter region, wherein the at least one dual heterojunction has a lower bandgap than the emitter region.
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07024265B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US11024299
申请日：2004-12-28
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4887 , G06Q10/04
摘要： In one aspect, a computer-implemented method is provided for aggregating and scheduling product batches in a manufacturing environment. Using a batch aggregation engine implementing a mathematical programming strategy, one or more product demands are allocated to one or more product batches having suggested sizes and suggested starting times. The mathematical programming strategy includes evaluating a number of time-based penalties relative to one another in allocating the demands to the batches, the time-based penalties being based on relationships between suggested starting times for batches and times of demands being considered for allocation to batches. The suggested sizes, the suggested starting times, and feedback relating to the suggested sizes and suggested starting times are communicated from the batch aggregation engine to a scheduling engine to assist the scheduling engine in scheduling starting times for the batches.
摘要翻译： 在一个方面，提供了一种计算机实现的方法，用于在制造环境中聚合和调度产品批次。 使用实现数学规划策略的批量聚合引擎，将一个或多个产品需求分配给具有建议尺寸和建议起始时间的一个或多个产品批次。 数学规划策略包括在分配批次的需求时评估相对于彼此的基于时间的惩罚，基于时间的惩罚基于批次的建议开始时间与被分配给批次的需求时间之间的关系 。 建议的大小，建议的开始时间和与建议的大小和建议的开始时间相关的反馈从批量聚合引擎传送到调度引擎，以协助调度引擎调度批次的开始时间。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06731998B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US10393793
申请日：2003-03-20
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G06F9/4887 , G06Q10/04
摘要： In one embodiment, a method is provided for collaboratively solving an optimization problem using at least first optimization software and second optimization software each having at least partial information concerning the optimization problem. The method includes: (1) determining a solution to a first sub-problem of the optimization problem using the first optimization software based on the at least partial information concerning the optimization problem known to the first optimization software; (2) communicating from the first optimization software to the second optimization software the solution to the first sub-problem and information concerning one or more penalties for deviating from the solution to the first sub-problem; and (3) determining a solution to a second sub-problem using the second optimization software based on the at least partial information concerning the optimization problem known to the second optimization software, the communicated solution to the first sub-problem, and the communicated information concerning one or more penalties for deviating from the solution to the first sub-problem.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，提供了一种用于使用至少第一优化软件和第二优化软件协同解决优化问题的方法，每个优化软件具有至少部分关于优化问题的信息。 该方法包括：（1）基于关于第一优化软件已知的优化问题的至少部分信息，使用第一优化软件确定优化问题的第一子问题的解; （2）从第一优化软件到第二优化软件对第一子问题的解决以及关于从解决方案偏离到第一子问题的一个或多个惩罚的信息; 以及（3）基于关于所述第二优化软件已知的优化问题的所述至少部分信息，所述第一子问题的通信解决方案和所传送的信息来确定使用所述第二优化软件的第二子问题的解 涉及一个或多个偏离解决方案到第一个子问题的处罚。
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公开(公告)号：US06560501B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09520669
申请日：2000-03-07
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G06F9/4887 , G06Q10/04
摘要： A computer-based system (10) for aggregating and scheduling product batches (50) includes a batch aggregation engine (20) that allocates one or more product demands (40) to one or more product batches (50) having suggested sizes and suggested starting times. The batch aggregation engine (20) communicates to a scheduling engine (30) the suggested batch sizes, the suggested starting times, and feedback (26) relating to the suggested sizes and suggested starting times to assist the scheduling engine (30) in scheduling a start time for each product batch (50). The system (10) may also include a scheduling engine (30) coupled to the batch aggregation engine (20) that receives the suggested sizes, suggested starting times, and feedback (26) from the batch aggregation engine (20). The scheduling engine (30) schedules a starting time for one or more of the batches (50) according to the suggested sizes, suggested starting times, and feedback (26) received from the batch aggregation engine (20). The scheduling engine (30) also communicates the scheduled starting times and feedback (36) relating to the scheduled starting times to the batch aggregation engine (20) to assist the batch aggregation engine (20) in allocating the demands (40) to the batches (50). The batch aggregation engine (20) and the scheduling engine (30) may communicate their respective outputs (22, 32) to each other in an iterative cycle until they have collaboratively reached a sufficiently optimal batch aggregation and scheduling solution or until a predetermined number of iterations has been reached.
摘要翻译： 用于聚合和调度产品批次（50）的基于计算机的系统（10）包括批量聚合引擎（20），其将一个或多个产品需求（40）分配给具有建议尺寸的一个或多个产品批次（50） 次 批量聚合引擎（20）向调度引擎（30）通信建议的批量大小，建议的开始时间和与建议的大小和建议的开始时间有关的反馈（26），以辅助调度引擎（30）调度 每个产品批次的开始时间（50）。 系统（10）还可以包括耦合到批量聚合引擎（20）的调度引擎（30），其从批量聚合引擎（20）接收建议的大小，建议的开始时间和反馈（26）。 调度引擎（30）根据从批量聚合引擎（20）接收到的建议大小，建议起始时间和反馈（26）来安排一个或多个批次（50）的开始时间。 调度引擎（30）还将调度的开始时间和与调度的开始时间有关的反馈（36）传送到批量聚合引擎（20），以协助批量聚合引擎（20）将批量（40）分配给 （50）。 批量聚合引擎（20）和调度引擎（30）可以以迭代循环的方式将它们各自的输出（22,32）彼此通信，直到它们协作地达到足够优化的批量聚合和调度解决方案，或直到预定数量的 已经达成了迭代。
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7.发明授权Multijunction photovoltaic cell with thin 1st (top) subcell and thick 2nd subcell of same or similar semiconductor material 有权具有薄的第一（顶部）子电池和相同或相似的半导体材料的厚的第二子电池的多结光伏电池公开(公告)号：US06316715B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09544834
申请日：2000-03-15
IPC分类号： H01L3104
CPC分类号： H01L31/0687 , H01L31/0304 , H01L31/0725 , Y02E10/544
摘要： A multijunction photovoltaic cell comprises a first subcell that initially receives incident light upon the photovoltaic cell, with the first subcell being made of a first material system, having a first thickness, and producing a first photogenerated current output. A second subcell receives the incident light after the first subcell receives the incident light, with the second subcell being disposed immediately adjacent the first subcell. The second subcell is made of the first material system or a similar semiconductor material, has a second thickness that is greater than the first thickness, and produces a second photogenerated current output that is substantially equal in amount to the first photogenerated current output. A tunnel junction is disposed between the first and second subcells. The multijunction cell provides a greater ability to current match to low-current-producing subcells, higher multijunction cell voltage, lower series resistance, and greater radiation resistance.
摘要翻译： 多结光伏电池包括：初始接收光伏电池上的入射光的第一子电池，第一子电池由第一材料系统制成，具有第一厚度，并产生第一光生电流输出。 第二子电池在第一子电池接收到入射光之后接收入射光，第二子电池被紧邻第一子电池设置。 第二子电池由第一材料系统或类似的半导体材料制成，具有大于第一厚度的第二厚度，并且产生与第一光生电流输出量基本相等的第二光生电流输出。 隧道结设置在第一和第二子电池之间。 多结电池提供了更大的电流匹配到产生低电流的子电池的能力，更高的多结电池电压，较低的串联电阻和更大的辐射电阻。
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公开(公告)号：US06272483B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-07
申请号：US09183026
申请日：1998-10-29
申请人： David E. Joslin , David P. Clements
发明人： David E. Joslin , David P. Clements
IPC分类号： G06N308
CPC分类号： G06Q10/06
摘要： A system for determining schedules and processing other optimization problems includes a local optimization engine and a global optimization engine. The local optimization engine operates based on heuristics, and includes a prioritizer, a constructor, and an analyzer to make large “coherent” moves in the search space, thus helping to avoid local optima without relying entirely on random moves. The global optimization engine takes the individual schedules produced by the local optimization engine and optimizes them using Linear Programming/Integer Programming techniques.
摘要翻译： 用于确定计划和处理其他优化问题的系统包括局部优化引擎和全局优化引擎。 本地优化引擎基于启发式操作，并包括优先级排序器，构造函数和分析器，以在搜索空间中进行大量“一致”移动，从而有助于避免局部最优，而不依赖于随机移动。 全局优化引擎采用由本地优化引擎生成的各个计划，并使用线性规划/整数编程技术进行优化。
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公开(公告)号：US07659474B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-09
申请号：US11121650
申请日：2005-05-04
IPC分类号： H01L31/00 , H01L25/00 , H02N6/00 , H01L31/042
CPC分类号： H01L27/142 , Y02E10/50
摘要： A solar cell array has at least one solar cell including a photovoltaic structure having a sun-facing front face and a back face, and having an active region, and an isotype heterojunction diode connected in electrical parallel with the active region of the photovoltaic structure.
摘要翻译： 太阳能电池阵列具有至少一个太阳能电池，该太阳能电池包括具有朝阳前面和背面的光电结构，并且具有有源区，以及与光伏结构的有源区并联连接的同形异质结二极管。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06836689B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-28
申请号：US10704080
申请日：2003-11-06
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G06F9/4887 , G06Q10/04
摘要： In one aspect, a computer-implemented method is provided for aggregating and scheduling product batches in a manufacturing environment. Using a batch aggregation engine implementing a mathematical programming strategy, one or more product demands are allocated to one or more product batches having suggested sizes and suggested starting times. The mathematical programming strategy includes evaluating a number of time-based penalties relative to one another in allocating the demands to the batches, the time-based penalties being based on relationships between suggested starting times for batches and times of demands being considered for allocation to batches. The suggested sizes, the suggested starting times, and feedback relating to the suggested sizes and suggested starting times are communicated from the batch aggregation engine to a scheduling engine to assist the scheduling engine in scheduling starting times for the batches.
摘要翻译： 在一个方面，提供了一种计算机实现的方法，用于在制造环境中聚合和调度产品批次。 使用实现数学规划策略的批量聚合引擎，将一个或多个产品需求分配给具有建议尺寸和建议起始时间的一个或多个产品批次。 数学规划战略包括在分配对批次的需求时评估相对于彼此的基于时间的惩罚，基于时间的惩罚基于批次的建议开始时间与被分配给批次的需求时间之间的关系 。 建议的大小，建议的开始时间和与建议的大小和建议的开始时间相关的反馈从批量聚合引擎传送到调度引擎，以协助调度引擎调度批次的开始时间。
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