-
公开(公告)号：US06334954B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-01
申请号：US09587648
申请日：2000-06-05
IPC分类号： A62D300
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , A62D3/02 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C02F2101/003 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/145 , C12R1/22 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Novel methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用微生物在土壤或水中作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物生物降解的新方法。 水可直接对待; 干土首先通过加水转化成流体介质。 优选的方法包括两个阶段，每个阶段使用微生物：发酵阶段，然后是厌氧阶段。 发酵阶段是快速的，其中有氧和/或兼性微生物的接种物将加入到流体介质中的碳水化合物发酵，排出流体介质中的氧，从而抑制硝基芳族化合物的氨基副产物的氧化聚合。 在随后的厌氧阶段，厌氧微生物的混合种群的接种物完成了污染物硝基芳族化合物的矿化，使用剩余的碳水化合物作为碳和能源。 优选地，碳水化合物是淀粉，并且需氧和/或兼性微生物是淀粉分解的，其在两个阶段以适中的速度切割淀粉，确保可代谢的碳水化合物的持续供应。 优选选择微生物以对作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物的类型和浓度具有抗性。
-
公开(公告)号：US06348639B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-19
申请号：US09588439
申请日：2000-06-06
IPC分类号： A62D300
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , A62D3/02 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C02F2101/003 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/145 , C12R1/22 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用微生物在土壤或水中作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物生物降解的方法。 水可直接对待; 干土首先通过加水转化成流体介质。 优选的方法包括两个阶段，每个阶段使用微生物：发酵阶段，然后是厌氧阶段。 发酵阶段是快速的，其中有氧和/或兼性微生物的接种物将加入到流体介质中的碳水化合物发酵，排出流体介质中的氧，从而抑制硝基芳族化合物的氨基副产物的氧化聚合。 在随后的厌氧阶段，厌氧微生物的混合种群的接种物完成了污染物硝基芳族化合物的矿化，使用剩余的碳水化合物作为碳和能源。 优选地，碳水化合物是淀粉，并且需氧和/或兼性微生物是淀粉分解的，其在两个阶段以适中的速度切割淀粉，确保可代谢的碳水化合物的持续供应。 优选选择微生物以对作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物的类型和浓度具有抗性。
-
公开(公告)号：US5387271A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US96735
申请日：1993-07-23
IPC分类号： A01N33/22 , A62D3/02 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/00 , C02F3/12 , C02F3/28 , C02F3/30 , C02F3/34 , C05F11/08 , C05G3/00 , C07C205/23 , C09K17/32 , C09K101/00
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C02F2101/003 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y02W30/47 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Novel methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用微生物在土壤或水中作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物生物降解的新方法。 水可直接对待; 干土首先通过加水转化成流体介质。 优选的方法包括两个阶段，每个阶段使用微生物：发酵阶段，然后是厌氧阶段。 发酵阶段是快速的，其中有氧和/或兼性微生物的接种物将加入到流体介质中的碳水化合物发酵，排出流体介质中的氧，从而抑制硝基芳族化合物的氨基副产物的氧化聚合。 在随后的厌氧阶段，厌氧微生物的混合群体的接种物完成了污染物硝基芳族化合物的矿化，使用剩余的碳水化合物作为碳和能源。 优选地，碳水化合物是淀粉，并且需氧和/或兼性微生物是淀粉分解的，其在两个阶段以适中的速度切割淀粉，确保可代谢的碳水化合物的持续供应。 优选选择微生物以对作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物的类型和浓度具有抗性。
-
公开(公告)号：US6084150A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US799577
申请日：1997-02-12
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , A62D3/02 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/12 , C02F3/28 , C02F3/30 , C02F3/34 , C12N1/20 , B09B3/00 , C09K17/00
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , A62D3/02 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/145 , C12R1/22 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , C02F2101/003 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Novel methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
-
公开(公告)号：US5616162A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-01
申请号：US545903
申请日：1995-10-20
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , A62D3/02 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/12 , C02F3/28 , C02F3/30 , C02F3/34 , C12N1/20 , C02F11/08 , C02F3/00 , C05G3/00
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , A62D3/02 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/145 , C12R1/22 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , C02F2101/003 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Novel methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用微生物在土壤或水中作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物生物降解的新方法。 水可直接对待; 干土首先通过加水转化成流体介质。 优选的方法包括两个阶段，每个阶段使用微生物：发酵阶段，然后是厌氧阶段。 发酵阶段是快速的，其中有氧和/或兼性微生物的接种物将加入到流体介质中的碳水化合物发酵，排出流体介质中的氧，从而抑制硝基芳族化合物的氨基副产物的氧化聚合。 在随后的厌氧阶段，厌氧微生物的混合群体的接种物完成了污染物硝基芳族化合物的矿化，使用剩余的碳水化合物作为碳和能源。 优选地，碳水化合物是淀粉，并且需氧和/或兼性微生物是淀粉分解的，其在两个阶段以适中的速度切割淀粉，确保可代谢的碳水化合物的持续供应。 优选选择微生物以对作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物的类型和浓度具有抗性。
-
公开(公告)号：US5618726A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US345261
申请日：1994-11-23
申请人： Andrzej Paszczynski , Stefan Goszczynski , Ronald L. Crawford , Donald L. Crawford , Maria B. Pasti
发明人： Andrzej Paszczynski , Stefan Goszczynski , Ronald L. Crawford , Donald L. Crawford , Maria B. Pasti
CPC分类号： C12R1/645 , C09B67/0071
摘要： A composition comprises an azo dye having a lignin-like substitution pattern and an environmentally common microbe, such as Streptomyces or Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The composition may also comprise an azo dye having a lignin-like substitution pattern, an amount of lignin peroxidase effective to degrade the dye, and an amount of veratryl alcohol effective to recycle lignin peroxidase II to lignin peroxidase. The lignin peroxidase may be provided by an environmentally common microbe. Azo dyes substituted with lignin-like groups are completely mineralized by the environmentally common microbe. The biodegradable azo dye preferably includes a first aromatic ring having a first substituent R1 selected from hydroxy or lower alkoxy, a second substituent R2 selected from lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, and a third substituent R3 selected from lower alkoxy or halogen. In especially preferred embodiments the first substituent R.sub.1 is hydroxy and is para to the azo group, and both R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are electron-releasing substituents and are ortho to R.sub.1.
摘要翻译： 组合物包含具有木质素样取代模式的偶氮染料和环境友好的微生物，例如链霉菌或Phanerochaete chrysosporium。 组合物还可以包含具有木质素样取代模式的偶氮染料，有效降解染料的木质素过氧化物酶的量以及有效将木质素过氧化物酶II再循环至木质素过氧化物酶的量的藜芦醇。 木质素过氧化物酶可以由环境上常见的微生物提供。 用木质素样基团取代的偶氮染料被环境常见的微生物完全矿化。 可生物降解的偶氮染料优选包括具有选自羟基或低级烷氧基的第一取代基R 1的第一芳环，选自低级烷基或低级烷氧基的第二取代基R2和选自低级烷氧基或卤素的第三取代基R3。 在特别优选的实施方案中，第一取代基R 1是羟基，并且与偶氮基对位，并且R 2和R 3都是电子释放取代基并且与R 1邻位。
-
公开(公告)号：US5486214A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-23
申请号：US930162
申请日：1992-08-12
申请人： Andrzej Paszczynski , Stefan Goszczynski , Ronald L. Crawford , Donald L. Crawford , Maria B. Pasti
发明人： Andrzej Paszczynski , Stefan Goszczynski , Ronald L. Crawford , Donald L. Crawford , Maria B. Pasti
IPC分类号： C09B29/01 , C09B29/08 , C09B29/12 , C09B29/16 , C09B31/065 , C09B67/42 , C12P1/00 , C09B67/02
CPC分类号： C12R1/465 , C09B29/0007 , C09B29/0803 , C09B29/081 , C09B29/12 , C09B29/16 , C09B31/065 , C09B67/0071 , C12P1/00 , C12R1/645
摘要： A biodegradable azo dye contains a nitrogen atom linked to an aromatic ring having a lignin-like substitution pattern. The ring is preferably a syringyl or guaiacol moiety, and provides a naturally-occurring structure for attack by microorganisms, such as Streptomyces or Phanerochaete. In especially preferred embodiments, the aromatic ring has a first substituent R.sub.1 selected from among hydroxy, lower alkoxy, or amino, and a second substituent R.sub.2 selected from among lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and halogen. Some embodiments include a third ring substituent R.sub.3 selected from the group lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, and halogen.
摘要翻译： 可生物降解的偶氮染料含有与具有木质素样取代模式的芳香环连接的氮原子。 环优选是丁香基或愈创木酚部分，并且提供天然存在的结构，用于微生物如链霉菌或Phanerochaete的微生物侵袭。 在特别优选的实施方案中，芳环具有选自羟基，低级烷氧基或氨基的第一取代基R 1和选自低级烷基，低级烷氧基和卤素的第二取代基R 2。 一些实施方案包括选自低级烷基，低级烷氧基和卤素的第三环取代基R3。
-
8.发明授权Biological isolates for degrading nitroaromatics and nitramines in water and soils 失效生物分离物在水和土壤中降解硝基芳族化合物和硝胺
公开(公告)号：US5455173A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US229413
申请日：1994-04-18
CPC分类号： C12R1/145 , A62D3/02 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C02F3/34 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/22 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , C02F2101/003 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Three individual strains of anaerobic microorganisms are disclosed. Each has an ability to degrade nitroaromatic and nitramine compounds under anaerobic conditions. The strains, identified as LJP-1, SBF-1, and KMR-1, appear to be of Clostridium bifermentans. The strains were isolated from consortia of anaerobic microorganisms grown in a chemostat in which the "munitions" compounds TNT (as a representative nitroaromatic) and "RDX" nad "HMX" (as representative nitramines) were administered as sole sources of carbon for the microorganisms. The isolated strains, either individually or as mixtures thereof, can be used in methods for degrading, under anaerobic conditions (i.e., redox potential
摘要翻译： 公开了三种单独的厌氧微生物菌株。 每个人都有能力在无氧条件下降解硝基芳族和硝胺化合物。 鉴定为LJP-1，SBF-1和KMR-1的菌株似乎是感烟菌。 将菌株从生长在恒温器中的厌氧微生物菌群中分离出来，其中以“弹药”化合物TNT（作为代表性的硝基芳族化合物）和“RDX”nad“HMX”（作为代表性的硝胺））作为微生物的碳源的唯一来源 。 分离的菌株可单独使用或作为其混合物用于在厌氧条件（即，氧化还原电位<-200mV）下降解的方法，水或土壤中的污染性硝基芳族化合物和/或硝胺化合物（作为含水浆料 ，即“流体介质”）。 菌株将在这种流体培养基中单独或与流体介质中存在的其它微生物降解硝基芳族化合物和硝胺。
-
公开(公告)号：US20100085210A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-08
申请号：US12244316
申请日：2008-10-02
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
摘要： A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency.
摘要翻译： 井下工具系统包括第一井下工具和第二井下工具。 第一井下工具包括可操作以接收包括音调的致动信号的第一控制器。 如果音调是第一指定频率，则第一控制器致动第一井下工具，并且如果第一井下工具不响应于致动信号而被致动，则改变第一井下工具以将致动信号传送到第二井下工具。 第二井下工具包括可操作以接收致动信号的第二控制器。 如果音调是第二指定频率，则第二控制器致动第二井下工具。 第二频率与第一频率不同。
-
公开(公告)号：US08441370B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-14
申请号：US13616326
申请日：2012-09-14
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
摘要： A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
搜索结果
26 条记录 (耗时 0.05 秒)
