摘要:
An integrated multiple cross-connect system (10) having remotely located components interconnected by integrated office links is provided. The system (10) includes a broadband matrix (20), at least one remotely located high speed line terminating equipment (30, 32) coupled to a telecommunications network, and an integrated office link (34, 36) interconnecting the broadband matrix (10) and high speed line terminating equipment (30, 32), the integrated office link (34, 36) carrying duplex transmission of an IOL-N signal of N multiplexed STS-1P optical signals at an OC-N rate, the STS-1P signal including data payload and overhead fields. Further included is a remotely located wideband matrix (22), a second integrated office link (40) interconnecting the broadband matrix (20) and the remotely located wideband matrix (22), and at least one remotely located low speed line terminating equipment (54) coupled to a telecommunications network, where the wideband matrix (22) and low speed line terminating equipment (54) are interconnected by a third integrated office link (59). Fault coverage information including a cross-connect channel identification code and a parity value are among the IOL overhead fields. The fault coverage information in the IOL overhead fields are monitored at selected points along a transmission path.
摘要:
An integrated multiple cross-connect system (10) having remotely located components interconnected by integrated office links is provided. The system (10) includes a broadband matrix (20), at least one remotely located high speed line terminating equipment (30, 32) coupled to a telecommunications network, and an integrated office link (34, 36) interconnecting the broadband matrix (10) and high speed line terminating equipment (30, 32), the integrated office link (34, 36) carrying duplex transmission of an IOL-N signal of N multiplexed STS-1P optical signals at an OC-N rate, the STS-1P signal including data payload and overhead fields. Further included is a remotely located wideband matrix (22), a second integrated office link (40) interconnecting the broadband matrix (20) and the remotely located wideband matrix (22), and at least one remotely located low speed line terminating equipment (54) coupled to a telecommunications network, where the wideband matrix (22) and low speed line terminating equipment (54) are interconnected by a third integrated office link (59). Fault coverage information including a cross-connect channel identification code and a parity value are among the IOL overhead fields. The fault coverage information in the IOL overhead fields are monitored at selected points along a transmission path.
摘要:
An integrated multi-rate cross-connect system (10) includes a broadband subsystem (14) for processing optical and electrical telecommunication network signals. A wideband subsystem (16) processes wideband level electrical telecommunication signals from the network, from the broadband subsystem (14), and from a narrowband subsystem (18). The narrowband subsystem (18) processes narrowband level electrical telecommunication signals from the network and the wideband subsystem (16). An administration subsystem (12) provides centralized control and synchronization to the broadband subsystem (14), the wideband subsystem (16), and the narrowband subsystem (18). The wideband subsystem (16) is coupled to the broadband subsystem (14) and the narrowband subsystem (18) by internal transmission links (30) to allow for remote distribution of each subsystem. Each subsystem operates within its own timing island synchronized to a reference timing signal to facilitate component distribution.
摘要:
An integrated multi-rate cross-connect system (10) includes a broadband subsystem (14) for processing optical and electrical telecommunication network signals. A wideband subsystem (16) processes wideband level electrical telecommunication signals from the network, from the broadband subsystem (14), and from a narrowband subsystem (18). The narrowband subsystem (18) processes narrowband level electrical telecommunication signals from the network and the wideband subsystem (16). An administration subsystem (12) provides centralized control and synchronization to the broadband subsystem (14), the wideband subsystem (16), and the narrowband subsystem (18). The wideband subsystem (16) is coupled to the broadband subsystem (14) and the narrowband subsystem (18) by internal transmission links (30) to allow for remote distribution of each subsystem. Each subsystem operates within its own timing island synchronized to a reference timing signal to facilitate component distribution.
摘要:
A timing architecture for integrating broadband, wideband, and narrowband subsystems (14-18) employs a broadband time base (100) having a first frequency, a wideband time base (102) having a second frequency, and a narrowband time base (104) having a third frequency. The broadband, wideband and narrowband time bases (100-104) are independent from one another when the integrated subsystems (14-18) are not co-located. Frequency justification is provided at the interfaces between the broadband and wideband time bases (100, 102), and between the wideband and narrowband time bases (102, 104). Phase alignment circuitry and methods are used to adjust the phases of signals wherever signal multiplexing and redundant equipment switching are provided within the time bases (100-104).
摘要:
A grooming device (18) includes an inbound crosspoint switch (30) that combines proprietary STS-1 signals from any of a plurality of optical terminators (16) into a grouped set of output signals for transmission to a broadband matrix subsystem through dedicated matrix interfaces (20). The inbound crosspoint switch (30) includes a crosspoint matrix (72) that receives each of the plurality of input signal lines at each output signal port and selects which input signal line is connected to which output signal port as determined by a microprocessor controller (78). Each output signal port has a register (90) for storing information as to which input signal line is to be connected to that port. A decoder (92) generates a control signal from the information stored in the register (90) to drive a multiplexer (94) for selection of the appropriate input signal line.
摘要:
In the inbound direction, a tributary processor (32) includes an SPE encoder/decoder for extracting a synchronous payload envelope (SPE) from an STS-1P signal. A path terminator (62) may extract DS3 signals or a matrix payload envelope (MPE) from the STS-1P SPE. A DS1/DS3 extractor (68) generates DS1 signals from either the DS3 or MPE signals. An MPE mapper (70) creates MPE signals from the DS1 signals. A wideband stage interface (74) converts the MPE signals into matrix transport format (MTF) signals for cross-connection in a wideband center stage matrix (22). In the outbound direction, the wideband stage interface (74) receives MTF signals from the wideband center stage matrix (22) and generates MPE signals therefrom. The MPE signals are sent through the MPE mapper (70) in order to extract DS1 signals. The DS1 signals are converted to DS3 signals or another MPE mapping by the DS1/DS3 extractor (68). The path terminator receives DS3 or MPE signals for conversion into an STS-1P SPE. The SPE encoder/decoder creates the STS-1P signals from the STS-1P SPE for transmission to the appropriate interfaced subsystem or network.
摘要:
In the inbound direction, a tributary processor (32) includes an SPE encoder/decoder for extracting a synchronous payload envelope (SPE) from an STS-1P signal. A path terminator (62) may extract DS3 signals or a matrix payload envelope (MPE) from the STS-1P SPE. A DS1/DS3 extractor (68) generates DS1 signals from either the DS3 or MPE signals. An MPE mapper (70) creates MPE signals from the DS1 signals. A wideband stage interface (74) converts the MPE signals into matrix transport format (MTF) signals for cross-connection in a wideband center stage matrix (22). In the outbound direction, the wideband stage interface (74) receives MTF signals from the wideband center stage matrix (22) and generates MPE signals therefrom. The MPE signals are sent through the MPE mapper (70) in order to extract DS1 signals. The DS1 signals are converted to DS3 signals or another MPE mapping by the DS1/DS3 extractor (68). The path terminator receives DS3 or MPE signals for conversion into an STS-1P SPE. The SPE encoder/decoder creates the STS-1P signals from the STS-1P SPE for transmission to the appropriate interfaced subsystem or network.
摘要:
A valve diaphragm is provided with indicia of origin, batch number, date of manufacture and other information. Critical indicia are disposed on outwardly projecting tabs that can be see when the diaphragm is operatively mounted in the valve. Indicia may be provided on elastomeric and non-elastomeric portions of the diaphragm.
摘要:
An annular, chemically nonreactive shell 18 is formed with a base 42, a radially inwardly disposed surface 28 and with a pair of sidewalls 30, 32 that are raised relative to the base. A fire resistant, intermediate core 20 is formed with an annular body 36 and with a radially outwardly projecting end 34. A substantial portion 24 of the core 20 is mounted between the sidewalls 30, 32 of the shell. When installed between opposing pipe flanges 12, the radially inwardly disposed surface 28 of the shell 18 is compressed between the pipe flanges 12 adjacent to the bores of the pipes 14 and provides a fluid tight seal to prevent a process stream 16 from reaching the core. Likewise, the sidewalls 30, 32 are compressed by the pipe flanges 12 and, in turn compress the core portion 24 disposed therebetween. The outer end 34 and a radially outwardly disposed portion 26 of the core 20 expand to protect the shell 18 from heat and flame.