公开(公告)号：US4165225A

公开(公告)日：1979-08-21

申请号：US875526

申请日：1978-02-06

Applicant: Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/30 ,  C03C27/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/125

Abstract: A distributor for optical signals characterized by a waveguide structure disposed on the substrate. The waveguide structure has an input and a plurality of output ends with a tree-like branching structure having at least one branching point with two curved branching sections extending therefrom. Each of the curved branching sections has a radius of curvature great enough so that the guiding of optical signals in the branching section is not impaired.

Abstract translation: 用于光信号的分配器，其特征在于设置在基板上的波导结构。 波导结构具有输入端和多个具有树状分支结构的输出端，该结构具有至少一个分支点，该分支点具有从其延伸的两个弯曲分支段。 每个弯曲分支部分具有足够大的曲率半径，使得分支部分中的光信号的引导不受损害。

公开(公告)号：US4080244A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US783276

申请日：1977-03-31

Applicant: Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/13 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/05 ,  G02F1/313 ,  H01L7/44

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/3132

Abstract: A method of producing a light conductor structure having a pair of light conductors embedded in a substrate and electrodes arranged between the light conductors which structure is particularly adapted to be used as an electrically controllable coupler, characterized by providing a substrate, applying a strip of diffusion material on the substrate at the location of each of the light conductors, covering each of the strips of diffusion material with a protective layer of material, applying a metal layer to the substrate and the layer of protective material, removing the protective layer and the metal layer supported thereon, and then diffusing the diffusion material into the substrate by heating to a desired temperature. The embodiments of the method include applying an adhesive layer prior to applying the metal layer to facilitate the attachment of the metal layer on the substrate and applying a dielectric layer prior to applying either the metal layer or the adhesive layer to prevent diffusion of either the adhesive or metal layer into the substrate during the diffusion process.

Abstract translation: 一种制造具有嵌入在基板中的一对光导体的导光体结构的方法和布置在光导体之间的电极，其结构特别适于用作电可控耦合器，其特征在于，提供基板，施加扩散条 在每个光导体的位置处的衬底上的材料，用保护层覆盖每个扩散材料条，将金属层施加到衬底和保护材料层，去除保护层和金属 层，然后通过加热到期望的温度将扩散材料扩散到衬底中。 该方法的实施例包括在施加金属层之前施加粘合剂层以便于在施加金属层或粘合剂层之前将金属层附着在基底上并施加电介质层，以防止粘合剂 或金属层在扩散过程中进入衬底。

公开(公告)号：US4134640A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-16

申请号：US783277

申请日：1977-03-31

Applicant: Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/28 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02F1/1326 ,  G02B6/2821 ,  G02B6/2852 ,  G02F1/3131 ,  Y10S359/90

Abstract: An output/input coupler for multi-mode glass fibers characterized by a substrate, a main line having at least one flat surface, and at least one branch line having one flat surface. The main line and branch line are arranged on the substrate with the flat surfaces being in spaced parallel facing relationship. Preferably, the main line has the square cross section and the flat surface of each branch line extends at an angle to the axis of the branch line so that the branch line has a wedge-shaped configuration in the plan view. A transparent material may be imposed in the space between the spaced parallel facing surfaces of the main and branch lines. This transparent material may be a liquid crystal material whose optical properties are changed by the application of an electric field created by a pair of electrodes which overlie the space between the parallel facing surfaces. The coupler is preferably formed by using a photolithographic process to form the coupler from a layer of photosensitive material which is disposed on the substrate. The photolithographic process includes exposing the photosensitive material utilizing a mask conforming to the shape and disposition of the main and branch lines, and developing the exposed material to leave the main and branch lines on the substrate.

Abstract translation: 一种用于多模玻璃纤维的输出/输入耦合器，其特征在于基底，具有至少一个平坦表面的主线以及具有一个平坦表面的至少一条分支线。 主线和分支线布置在基板上，其中平坦表面处于间隔开的平行面对的关系。 优选地，主线具有正方形横截面，并且每个分支线的平坦表面以与分支线的轴线成一定角度延伸，使得分支线在平面图中具有楔形构造。 可以在主线和分支线的间隔开的平行相对表面之间的空间中施加透明材料。 该透明材料可以是通过施加由一对电极产生的电场而改变其光学性质的液晶材料，该电极覆盖在平行的面对表面之间的空间。 耦合器优选地通过使用光刻工艺从设置在衬底上的感光材料层形成耦合器来形成。 光刻工艺包括使用符合主和分支线的形状和布置的掩模曝光感光材料，并显影曝光的材料以使基板上的主支线和离散线留下。

公开(公告)号：US4142877A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-06

申请号：US888941

申请日：1978-03-22

Applicant: Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/30 ,  H04B10/213 ,  C03B37/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/2804 ,  Y10T156/1039

Abstract: An output/input coupler for multi-mode glass fibers characterized by a substrate and a main line having a square cross section disposed on the substrate and having at least one branch line extending on said substrate therefrom with the branch line having a rectangular cross section smaller than the cross section of the main line and having one surface coplanar with the surface of the main line. The branch line may have the same thickness as the main line with a reduced width or may have both a reduced thickness and width. In one embodiment, the branch line extends as an arc and may terminate in an end line which has a square cross section equal to the cross section of the main line and extends at an angle to the main line. In another embodiment, the branch line extends rectilinearly and may terminate in an end line which extends parallel to the main line and has a square cross section equal to the square cross section of the main line. The coupler may be formed by stamping the coupler from a sheet of material or by using a photolithographic process to form the coupler from a layer of photosensitive material. If the coupler has branch lines with a thickness less than the thickness of the main line, the photolithographic process includes developing a first layer or foil of photosensitive material to form part of the main line and the branch line and then developing a second applied layer to produce the remaining portion of the main line.

公开(公告)号：US4136439A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-30

申请号：US783751

申请日：1977-04-01

Applicant: Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/13 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/05 ,  G02F1/313 ,  H01P11/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  Y10T29/49155

Abstract: A method for producing a light conductor structure having a pair of light conductors embedded in a substrate of an electro-optical material and having an electrode arranged between the light conductors, which structure is particularly adapted to be used as an electrically controllable coupler, characterized by providing a substrate, applying electrodes to the desired surface area of the substrate, and then producing the light conductors by doping the substrate utilizing the electrodes as a doping mask. Preferably, the electrodes are applied by covering the entire surface of the substrate with the metal layer or with an adhesive layer followed by a metal layer, applying a photo lacquer layer on the metal layer, exposing the photo lacquer layer with an appropriate mask, developing the photo lacquer layer to expose portions of the metal layer in the areas where the electrodes are not desired, etching the exposed portions of the metal layer and the underlying adhesive layer to expose surface areas of the substrate in the area where the light conductors are to be formed.

Abstract translation: 一种用于制造光导体结构的方法，该导体结构具有嵌入电光材料的基板中的一对光导体，并且具有布置在光导体之间的电极，该结构特别适于用作可电耦合器，其特征在于， 提供衬底，将电极施加到衬底的期望表面区域，然后通过使用电极掺杂衬底作为掺杂掩模来产生光导体。 优选地，通过用金属层或粘合层覆盖金属层覆盖基板的整个表面来施加电极，在金属层上施加照相漆层，用合适的掩模曝光光漆层，显影 照射漆层以暴露不需要电极的区域中的金属层的部分，蚀刻金属层的暴露部分和下面的粘合剂层，以暴露在光导体所在的区域中的基板的表面区域 形成。

公开(公告)号：US4089583A

公开(公告)日：1978-05-16

申请号：US774663

申请日：1977-03-04

Applicant: Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Franz Auracher ,  Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/30 ,  H02G15/08 ,  H04B10/213 ,  G02B5/16 ,  G03B37/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/2804

Abstract: An output/input coupler for multi-mode glass fibers characterized by a substrate and a main line having a square cross section disposed on the substrate and having at least one branch line extending on said substrate therefrom with the branch line having a rectangular cross section smaller than the cross section of the main line and having one surface coplanar with the surface of the main line. The branch line may have the same thickness as the main line with a reduced width or may have both a reduced thickness and width. In one embodiment, the branch line extends as an arc and may terminate in an end line which has a square cross section equal to the cross section of the main line and extends at an angle to the main line. In another embodiment, the branch line extends rectilinearly and may terminate in an end line which extends parallel to the main line and has a square cross section equal to the square cross section of the main line. The coupler may be formed by stamping the coupler from a sheet of material or by using a photolithographic process to form the coupler from a layer of photosensitive material. If the coupler has branch lines with a thickness less than the thickness of the main line, the photolithographic process includes developing a first layer or foil of photosensitive material to form part of the main line and the branch line and then developing a second applied layer to produce the remaining portion of the main line.

Abstract translation: 一种用于多模玻璃纤维的输出/输入耦合器，其特征在于基底和具有正方形横截面的主线设置在基底上，并且具有至少一条在所述基片上延伸的支线，支线具有较小的矩形横截面 比主线的横截面和具有与主线表面共面的一个表面。 分支线可以具有与具有减小的宽度的主线相同的厚度，或者可以具有减小的厚度和宽度。 在一个实施例中，分支线作为弧形延伸并且可以终止于具有等于主线的横截面的正方形横截面并且以主线成一定角度延伸的端线。 在另一个实施例中，分支线直线延伸并且可以终止于平行于主线延伸的端部线，并且具有等于主线的正方形横截面的正方形横截面。 耦合器可以通过从一片材料冲压耦合器或通过使用光刻工艺从感光材料层形成耦合器而形成。 如果耦合器具有厚度小于主线厚度的分支线，则光刻工艺包括显影感光材料的第一层或箔以形成主线和分支线的一部分，然后将第二施加层显影 产生主线的剩余部分。

公开(公告)号：US5480687A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-02

申请号：US418895

申请日：1995-04-07

Applicant: Martin Heming ,  Roland Hochhaus ,  Ralf Kersten ,  Dieter Krause ,  Jurgen Otto ,  Volker Paquet ,  Johannes Segner ,  Christof Fattinger

Inventor： Martin Heming ,  Roland Hochhaus ,  Ralf Kersten ,  Dieter Krause ,  Jurgen Otto ,  Volker Paquet ,  Johannes Segner ,  Christof Fattinger

IPC: C23C16/40 ,  C23C16/50 ,  C23C16/511 ,  C23C16/515 ,  G02B1/10 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02B6/13 ,  B05D3/06

CPC classification number: G02B6/13 ,  G02B6/1221 ,  G02B6/124

Abstract: An optical waveguide is disclosed with a substantially planar substrate and a waveguide layer applied to the substrate. The invention resides in that the substrate consists of a synthetic resin or of a material having a high organic proportion. This has the advantage that the high index of refraction of the inorganic waveguide layer is combined with the material properties of the synthetic resin substrate, such as, for example, breaking resistance, plastic and thermoplastic moldability, photochemical structuring ability, and others.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光波导，其具有基本平坦的基板和施加到基板的波导层。 本发明的目的在于，基材由合成树脂或具有高有机比例的材料组成。 这具有将无机波导层的高折射率与合成树脂基板的材料性质（例如抗断裂性，塑性和热塑性成型性，光化学结构化能力等）相结合的优点。

公开(公告)号：US4220619A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-02

申请号：US889445

申请日：1978-03-23

Applicant: Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/24 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G02B6/40 ,  G02B6/44 ,  H02G15/08 ,  B29C27/20

CPC classification number: G02B6/3664 ,  G02B6/3801 ,  G02B6/4407 ,  G02B6/3636 ,  Y10S174/08 ,  Y10T29/49865 ,  Y10T403/21 ,  Y10T403/48

Abstract: A device for forming a connection between a first and second group of glass fibers with each fiber of the first group being held in alignment with a given fiber of the second group characterized by an elongated carrier member having longitudinally extending grooves and a shrinkable tube telescopically received on the elongated member. In forming the connection, the glass fibers of one group are inserted individually in separate grooves from one end of the carrier member and the fibers of the second group are inserted from an opposite end until their end faces abut and engage the end faces of the respective fiber of the first group. After insertion, the tube is shrunk such as by a heat shrinking step so that the fibers are tightly and firmly held in their respective grooves by the shrinkable tube.

Abstract translation: 用于形成第一组玻璃纤维和第二组玻璃纤维之间的连接的装置与第一组的每个纤维保持与第二组的给定纤维对准，其特征在于具有纵向延伸的凹槽的细长的承载构件和可伸缩的收缩管 在细长构件上。 在形成连接时，一组的玻璃纤维分别从载体构件的一端插入分离的槽中，并且第二组的纤维从相对的端部插入，直到其端面抵靠并接合相应的端面 纤维的第一组。 插入后，通过热收缩步骤收缩管，使得纤维通过可收缩管牢固且牢固地保持在它们各自的槽中。

公开(公告)号：US4145457A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-20

申请号：US890928

申请日：1978-03-28

Applicant: Ralf Kersten

Inventor： Ralf Kersten

IPC: G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/134 ,  H04B10/213 ,  B05D3/06

CPC classification number: G02B6/1347 ,  G02B6/125

Abstract: A method for the production of optical directional couplers has a substrate with optical waveguides formed in a surface thereof which are longitudinally coupled by having the guides extend parallel to each other for a predetermined distance. The waveguides have a higher index of refraction than the substrate. By ion implantation step, the area of the substrate adjacent the surface which is covered has its index of refraction raised, while at the same time, the exposed areas which will form the waveguides is also subjected to the ion bombardment. Thereafter, by a second ion implantation step, the ions penetrate further into the region of the substrate where the waveguides are being formed to raise the index of refraction thereof. By this technique, narrow low-light-loss bends are produced.

Abstract translation: 用于制造光学定向耦合器的方法具有在其表面形成有光波导的衬底，其通过使引导件彼此平行延伸预定距离而纵向耦合。 波导具有比基板更高的折射率。 通过离子注入步骤，与被覆盖的表面相邻的基板的区域的折射率升高，同时，也将形成将形成波导的曝光区域进行离子轰击。 此后，通过第二离子注入步骤，离子进一步渗透到其中形成波导的衬底的区域中以提高其折射率。 通过这种技术，产生窄的低光损失弯曲。

公开(公告)号：US4859222A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-22

申请号：US255106

申请日：1988-10-07

Applicant: Hartmut Bauch ,  Peter Krause ,  Ulrike Jost ,  Ralf Kersten ,  Volker Paquet ,  Wolfgang Siefert

Inventor： Hartmut Bauch ,  Peter Krause ,  Ulrike Jost ,  Ralf Kersten ,  Volker Paquet ,  Wolfgang Siefert

IPC: C03B37/018 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/02

CPC classification number: C03B37/01869 ,  C03B37/01853 ,  G02B6/02 ,  C03B2201/02 ,  C03B2201/12 ,  C03B2203/22

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a light wave guide providing a cladding and a light conducting core, from a glass tube, showing a material on or below its inner surface which forms the core of the finished light wave guide comprising at least one substance which is diffused out selectively of this material, forming the core subsequently, into the interior space of the glass tube, whereby during the diffusing-out process the partial pressure of the diffusing-out substance in the interior space of the glass tube is maintained as small as possible, whereby a premature collapsing of the glass tube during the diffusion process is prevented by adjusting an overpressure in the glass tube, that the glass tube after the diffusing out process is largely collapsed by rinsing with a rinsing gas and in a last collapsing step is completely collapsed to a rod (perform) without rinsing with a rinsing gas and that the rod is subsequently drawn out to a fiber.

Abstract translation: 一种用于制造光波导的方法，该光波导从玻璃管提供包层和导光核心，该玻璃管在其内表面上或下方形成材料，该材料形成完成的光波导的核心，其包括至少一种物质， 这种材料的选择性扩散，随后形成芯体到玻璃管的内部空间中，由此在扩散过程中，玻璃管内部空间中扩散物质的分压保持为小至 可以通过调节玻璃管中的超压来防止玻璃管在扩散过程中的过早崩溃，扩散过程中的玻璃管通过用漂洗气体漂洗而大大崩溃，并且在最后的折叠步骤中是 完全塌陷到杆（执行）而不用冲洗气体冲洗，并且随后将杆拉出到纤维中。