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公开(公告)号：US4757252A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-12
申请号：US791303
申请日：1985-10-25
CPC分类号： G01R27/2635 , G01N27/226
摘要： A probe comprises a plurality of longitudinally extended conductors forming a probe electrode, a laterally displaced ground electrode and two laterally displaced active guard electrodes interposed between the probe electrode and the ground electrode. The conductors are surrounded by solid insulation and the probe guard electrodes are driven at substantially the same potential as the probe electrode. The probe is utilized to measure the condition of materials in which the probe is immersed.
摘要翻译： 探针包括形成探针电极的多个纵向延伸的导体，横向移位的接地电极和插在探针电极和接地电极之间的两个侧向移位的有源保护电极。 导体被固体绝缘包围，并且探针保护电极以与探针电极基本相同的电位驱动。 该探头用于测量探头浸入其中的材料的状态。
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公开(公告)号：US5539670A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US208928
申请日：1994-03-10
CPC分类号： G01F23/266 , G01B7/06 , G01F23/0069 , G01F23/26 , G01F23/261 , G01F23/265 , H03K2217/96075
摘要： A multiple set point material condition monitoring system is responsive both to the level of material with respect to a sensor and the extent of material coating which has accumulated on the sensor. The system provides an output when a predetermined coating thickness has been exceeded, so that the sensor may be cleaned before the coating can accumulate to the extent where a false level output is generated. The systems include three electrode guarded sensors, a bridge comparing the sensor output with a reference, and a bridge reference which is automatically and repeatedly caused to assume a sequence of values corresponding to material condition set points, one of which causes an output when a predetermined coating thickness has occurred and another of which generates a level output. In one embodiment, separate outputs are provided corresponding to each set point. In another embodiment, a single tri-state output is responsive to both set points.
摘要翻译： 多设定点材料状态监测系统响应于材料相对于传感器的水平以及积聚在传感器上的材料涂层的程度。 当超过预定的涂层厚度时，该系统提供输出，使得在涂层可以累积到产生假电平输出的程度之前可以清洁传感器。 这些系统包括三个电极保护传感器，将传感器输出与参考电路进行比较的桥接器，以及自动重复引起的桥接参考线，以使其对应于材料条件设定点的值序列，当预定 发生涂层厚度，另一个产生电平输出。 在一个实施例中，对应于每个设定点提供单独的输出。 在另一个实施例中，单个三态输出响应两个设定点。
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公开(公告)号：US4849754A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-18
申请号：US151626
申请日：1988-02-02
申请人： Frederick L. Maltby , Richard G. Hall , Jonathan L. Kramer , Howard S. Hoopes , Steven R. Petersen
发明人： Frederick L. Maltby , Richard G. Hall , Jonathan L. Kramer , Howard S. Hoopes , Steven R. Petersen
摘要： A two-wire, admittance-responsive instrument system in which a transmitter, receiver and calibrator are connected by a two-wire transmission line is disclosed. The calibrator repetitively transmits a calibration enabling signal causing the transmitter to increment a reference admittance for comparison to a sensed admittance corresponding to a known physical condition. The calibrator monitors the bistable output signals transmitted by the transmitter in the calibration mode, which changes state when the incremented reference admittance bears a predetermined relationship to the sensed admittance. The calibrator may then transmit additional calibration enabling signals causing preload to be established for transmitter operation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种双线，导纳响应仪器系统，其中发射器，接收器和校准器通过双线传输线连接。 校准器重复地发送校准使能信号，使得发射器增加参考导纳，以便与对应于已知身体状况的感测导纳进行比较。 校准器监视发射机在校准模式下发送的双稳态输出信号，当校准模式中增加的参考导纳与感测到的导纳具有预定关系时，其将改变状态。 校准器然后可以发送额外的校准使能信号，从而使得为了发射机操作建立预载。
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公开(公告)号：US5760309A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US653623
申请日：1996-05-24
IPC分类号： G01F23/296 , G01F23/28
CPC分类号： G01F23/2962 , G01N2291/02836
摘要： An ultrasonic measurement method in an ultrasonic measurement system having an ultrasonic transducer includes emitting an ultrasonic pulse from the ultrasonic transducer. An ultrasonic pulse is received in accordance with a pulse travel time wherein the amplitude of the received ultrasonic pulse varies according to the pulse travel time. A first electrical signal is provided representative of the received ultrasonic pulse wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal varies in accordance with the pulse travel time. A second electrical signal is provided in accordance with the first electrical signal wherein the amplitude of the second electrical signal is substantially independent of the pulse travel time. In order to determine the second electrical signal variable amplification is applied to the first electrical signal in accordance with the travel time. A distance is determined according to the pulse travel time wherein the distance is representative of the distance between the transducer and a material surface.
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公开(公告)号：US4235106A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-25
申请号：US967683
申请日：1978-12-08
CPC分类号： G01F23/24 , G01F23/263
摘要： A compensated level measuring system is disclosed for measuring the level of the material housed in a vessel, the system incorporating compensation means for compensating for variations in the dielectric constant of the material. A two element measuring system is used, having a first element mounted at a fixed position within the vessel containing the material for obtaining a level signal which is a function of the material level, and a second element maintained within the vessel and always submerged in the material for obtaining a reference signal. Means are provided for adjusting the reference signal so that it can accurately compensate for variations in the level signal which occur independently of the material level. The compensating means is provided either by a mechanical embodiment in which the reference signal is effectively tuned by modifying the position of the reference probe, or electronic means where the effective reference signal is modified by an error function to compensate for errors introduced by changes in the dielectric constant of the material being measured.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于测量容纳在容器中的材料的水平的补偿液位测量系统，该系统包括用于补偿材料的介电常数变化的补偿装置。 使用两元件测量系统，其具有安装在容器内的固定位置处的第一元件，其包含用于获得作为材料水平的函数的水平信号的材料，以及保持在容器内并始终浸没在该容器中的第二元件 用于获得参考信号的材料。 提供了用于调整参考信号的装置，使得其可以精确地补偿独立于材料水平发生的电平信号的变化。 补偿装置由机械实施例提供，其中通过修改参考探针或电子装置有效地调整参考信号，其中有效参考信号由误差函数修改以补偿由变化引起的误差 被测材料的介电常数。
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公开(公告)号：US5987994A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US048606
申请日：1998-03-26
IPC分类号： G01F23/296 , G01F23/28
CPC分类号： G01F23/2962 , G01N2291/02836
摘要： An ultrasonic measurement method in an ultrasonic measurement system having an ultrasonic transducer includes emitting an ultrasonic pulse from the ultrasonic transducer. An ultrasonic pulse is received in accordance with a pulse travel time wherein the amplitude of the received ultrasonic pulse varies according to the pulse travel time. A first electrical signal is provided representative of the received ultrasonic pulse wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal varies in accordance with the pulse travel time. A second electrical signal is provided in accordance with the first electrical signal wherein the amplitude of the second electrical signal is substantially independent of the pulse travel time. In order to determine the second electrical signal variable amplification is applied to the first electrical signal in accordance with the travel time. A distance is determined according to the pulse travel time wherein the distance is representative of the distance between the transducer and a material surface.
摘要翻译： 具有超声换能器的超声波测量系统中的超声波测量方法包括从超声波换能器发射超声波脉冲。 根据脉冲行进时间接收超声波脉冲，其中接收的超声脉冲的振幅根据脉冲行进时间而变化。 提供表示所接收的超声波脉冲的第一电信号，其中第一电信号的幅度根据脉冲行进时间而变化。 根据第一电信号提供第二电信号，其中第二电信号的振幅基本上与脉冲行进时间无关。 为了确定第二电信号，根据行进时间将可变放大应用于第一电信号。 根据脉冲行进时间确定距离，其中距离代表换能器和材料表面之间的距离。
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公开(公告)号：US4332167A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-01
申请号：US22456
申请日：1979-03-21
申请人： Robert J. Sun , Frederick L. Maltby
发明人： Robert J. Sun , Frederick L. Maltby
CPC分类号： G01F23/263 , B32B37/185 , G01F1/002 , B29C70/687 , Y10S264/78
摘要： An RF probe and method for making same including laminating sheets of thermoplastic insulation to both sides of a layer of wire screen which is evacuated and pressure thereafter applied by fluid pressure acting on a diaphragm pressing member.
摘要翻译： 一种射频探针及其制造方法，其特征在于，将层叠有热塑性绝缘层的层叠层叠在丝网层的两侧，抽真空，之后通过作用在隔膜按压部件上的流体压力施加压力。
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公开(公告)号：US4301681A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US72833
申请日：1979-09-06
IPC分类号： G01F23/26
CPC分类号： G01F23/263
摘要： A probe for the measurement of the level of conductive materials within a conductive vessel is disclosed which is particularly suitable for the measurement of the level of conductive granular materials such as coal or other minerals or plastics or vegetable matter which are conductive. In a preferred embodiment the probe comprises a conductive steel core covered with a layer of insulating plastic and covered further with a layer of a semi-conductive material which preferably comprises a plastic which has been partially filled with a conductive material such as carbon black. Other embodiments wherein the probe may comprise a conductive plate covered by insulation further covered by a similar semi-conductive layer are also disclosed. Reference is made to prior art disclosures of circuitry and theory which enable the use of the probe of the invention.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于测量导电容器内的导电材料水平的探针，其特别适用于测量导电颗粒材料的水平，例如导电颗粒材料如煤或其他矿物或塑料或植物物质。 在优选实施例中，探针包括覆盖有绝缘塑料层的导电钢芯，并进一步覆盖半导电材料层，该层优选包括已经部分填充有导电材料如炭黑的塑料。 还公开了其他实施例，其中探针可以包括由绝缘层覆盖的导电板，该导电板进一步被相似的半导电层覆盖。 参考能够使用本发明的探针的电路和理论的现有技术公开。
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公开(公告)号：US3993947A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-23
申请号：US507540
申请日：1974-09-19
IPC分类号： G01F23/24 , G01D5/14 , G01F23/00 , G01F23/26 , G01N27/02 , G01N27/04 , G01R27/00 , G01R27/02 , G08C19/02 , G01R11/52 , G01R27/26
CPC分类号： G01R27/02 , G01N27/028
摘要： An intrinsically safe system for monitoring the condition of materials includes a low power, stable frequency RF oscillator of the class C type comprising a resonant circuit which is coupled to a bridge network including the admittance of materials between a probe electrode and a grounded support member juxtaposed to the materials. The output of the network generates an AC error signal which is applied to a phase sensitive detector including a chopper and a low power chopper drive for generating a DC signal representing the magnitude of the AC signal at a predetermined phase angle. The bridge network which may be linearly calibrated is isolated from the oscillator and the output error signal circuitry so as to allow the oscillator and the output error signal circuitry to float with respect to the grounded support member and the power supply associated therewith. The rms voltage across the admittance representing the condition of materials is limited so as to permit the system to comprise a two-wire transmitter wherein the sole source of power for the transmitter is derived from a 4-20 milliamp current drawn by the transmitter.
摘要翻译： 用于监测材料状态的本质安全系统包括C类型的低功率稳定频率RF振荡器，包括耦合到桥接网络的谐振电路，所述桥接网络包括并联的探针电极和接地支撑件之间的材料导纳 到材料。 网络的输出产生一个AC误差信号，该信号被施加到包括斩波器和低功率斩波驱动器的相敏检测器，用于产生一个以预定相位角表示AC信号幅度的DC信号。 可以线性校准的桥接网络与振荡器和输出误差信号电路隔离，以便允许振荡器和输出误差信号电路相对于接地的支撑构件和与其相关联的电源浮动。 表示材料条件的导纳之间的均方根电压受到限制，以便允许系统包括双线发射器，其中用于发射机的唯一的功率源是由发射机所绘制的4-20毫安电流导出的。
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公开(公告)号：US5510779A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US72608
申请日：1993-06-04
申请人： Frederick L. Maltby , L. Jonathan Kramer , Leslie D. Horrocks, deceased , by Maureen Horrocks, executrix , David M. Stern
发明人： Frederick L. Maltby , L. Jonathan Kramer , Leslie D. Horrocks, deceased , by Maureen Horrocks, executrix , David M. Stern
CPC分类号： G08C19/02
摘要： An instrument system provides compensation for signal processing errors by processing both sensor signals and reference signals in a common signal processor. Reference signals may be provided which enable zero compensation, gain compensation, or both. The system outputs compensated signals to a two wire signal loop in either analog or digital form, and selects the form of output signal in accordance with digital input signals received from the signal wires. The system may be embodied as a radio frequency admittance instrument system for monitoring the condition of materials.
摘要翻译： 仪器系统通过在公共信号处理器中处理传感器信号和参考信号来提供对信号处理误差的补偿。 可以提供可实现零补偿，增益补偿或两者的参考信号。 系统以模拟或数字形式将补偿信号输出到双线信号回路，并根据从信号线接收的数字输入信号选择输出信号的形式。 该系统可以被实现为用于监视材料状况的射频导纳仪器系统。
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