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1.发明授权Method for disposing of hazardous and high-energy materials and device for carrying out said method 失效处置危险和高能材料的方法及执行所述方法的装置公开(公告)号：US06598547B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-29
申请号：US09700243
申请日：2001-06-18
申请人： Freimut Marold , Friedrich Wilhelm
发明人： Freimut Marold , Friedrich Wilhelm
IPC分类号： F23G510
CPC分类号： B01J19/002 , B01J8/12 , B01J2208/00221 , B01J2208/00398 , B01J2208/00433 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00513 , B09B3/00 , B09B3/0083 , C04B33/1325 , F42B33/06 , F42B33/067 , F42D5/04 , Y02P40/69
摘要： The invention relates to a method for disposing of hazardous or high-energy materials, in which the latter are caused to undergo a reaction in a pressure-proof housing under controlled conditions, the end products of which reaction are non-hazardous, as well as an apparatus for disposing of hazardous or high-energy materials with a pressure-proof housing in which the materials may be caused to undergo a reaction under controlled conditions, the end products of which reaction are non-hazardous.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于处置危险或高能材料的方法，其中后者在受控条件下在耐压壳体中进行反应，其最终产物的反应是无害的，以及 用于通过耐压壳体处理危险或高能材料的装置，其中材料可能在受控条件下经历反应，其最终产物的反应是无害的。
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公开(公告)号：US5084247A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-28
申请号：US492163
申请日：1990-03-13
CPC分类号： B01J8/0496 , B01J8/0453 , C01B23/00 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141
摘要： A process and apparatus for performing catalytic reactions with intensive heat of reaction in which a reaction mixture is conducted through a catalyst bed, from which the reaction heat is removed or to which it is fed by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchange medium. The catalyst bed adjoins at least one bed of a catalytically inert material, which also is in indirect heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.
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3.发明授权Process and reactor for catalytic reaction of H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 to sulfur 失效用于H2S和SO2对硫的催化反应的工艺和反应器
公开(公告)号：US4957724A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-18
申请号：US171348
申请日：1988-03-21
申请人： Freimut Marold , Michael Heisel
发明人： Freimut Marold , Michael Heisel
IPC分类号： C01B17/04
CPC分类号： C01B17/0439 , C01B17/0469 , Y02P20/584
摘要： A process and apparatus for conducting a catalytic reaction of H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 to elementary sulfur provides for at least two catalyst beds and that at least one part of one of the catalyst beds is operated during the reaction at below the sulfur dew point, preferably below the solids condensation point, and above the water dew point. The adsorbed and deposited sulfur is removed by heating and evaporation. At least two serially connected and interchangeable reactors are employed in preferably a single flow direction in one cycle, and the flow direction of the gas stream is reversed in a second cycle by means of a multiway fitting.
摘要翻译： 用于进行H 2 S和SO 2对元素硫的催化反应的方法和装置提供至少两个催化剂床，并且催化剂床中的至少一部分在反应期间在硫露点以下，优选低于 固体凝结点，以上水露点。 通过加热和蒸发除去吸附和沉积的硫。 在一个循环中优选使用至少两个串联和可互换的反应器，优选地单一流动方向，并且通过多道配件在第二循环中使气流的流动方向反转。
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4.发明授权Method for the recovery of elemental sulfur from a gas mixture containing H.sub.2 S 失效从含H2S的气体混合物中回收元素硫的方法
公开(公告)号：US5676921A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US654777
申请日：1996-05-29
申请人： Michael Heisel , Freimut Marold , Martin Gwinner
发明人： Michael Heisel , Freimut Marold , Martin Gwinner
CPC分类号： C01B17/0456 , B01D53/8612 , C01B17/046
摘要： This invention is a method for the recovery of elemental sulfur from a gas mixture containing H.sub.2 S. The gas mixture is first subjected to desulfurization in a Claus installation which has a thermal part and a catalytic part resulting in the recovery of elemental sulfur. Sulfur compounds still contained in the Claus tail gas are then transformed into H.sub.2 S by means of hydrogenation and, if necessary, by means of hydrolysis and the hydrogenated Claus tail gas is subjected to catalytic direct oxidation of the H.sub.2 S to elemental sulfur. The Claus installation comprises exactly one catalytic stage and the catalytic direct oxidation also takes place in exactly one reactor. Sulfur recovery rates of 99.3% to 99.6% are achieved by the method of the invention.
摘要翻译： 本发明是从含有H 2 S的气体混合物中回收元素硫的方法。 气体混合物首先在具有加热部分和催化部分的Claus装置中进行脱硫，导致回收元素硫。 然后仍然包含在Claus尾气中的硫化合物通过氢化转化成H 2 S，如果需要的话通过水解将氢化的Claus尾气催化直接氧化成元素硫。 克劳斯安装包括恰好一个催化阶段，催化剂直接氧化也恰好在一个反应器中进行。 通过本发明的方法实现了99.3％至99.6％的硫回收率。
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公开(公告)号：US5628977A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-13
申请号：US436471
申请日：1995-05-26
申请人： Michael Heisel , Freimut Marold
发明人： Michael Heisel , Freimut Marold
CPC分类号： C01B17/0404 , B01D53/1481 , B01D53/8612 , C01B17/04 , C01B17/0456 , F23J15/04
摘要： The invention relates to a process for the desulfurization of a crude gas stream containing at least H.sub.2 S in a Claus plant, afterburning of Claus waste gas, and gas washing of the waste gas from the afterburning to remove SO.sub.2, in which SO.sub.2 recovered by the gas washing is recycled to a point before the Claus plant. According to the invention, within the Claus plant, between 60% and 90%, preferably between 67% and 85%, and especially preferably between 67% and 80% of the sulfur contained in the crude gas is separated directly from the crude gas, and between 33% and 10%, preferably between 25% and 10%, and especially preferably between 20% and 15% of the sulfur originally contained in the crude gas is recycled as SO.sub.2. The gas washing to remove SO.sub.2 is advantageously carried out with an absorbing agent having a physical action. A partial stream of the crude gas can be conveyed directly into the afterburning, bypassing the Claus plant. In addition to a Claus reactor operated at a temperature of between 850.degree. and 1300.degree. C., preferably between 900.degree. and 1100.degree. C., the Claus plant can contain one or more catalytic and/or thermal reactors for sulfur production and condensers for sulfur recovery, use only thermal stages for sulfur production, or consist of a direct-oxidation Claus plant.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 03300 Sec。 371日期：1995年5月26日 102（e）日期1995年5月26日PCT提交1993年11月24日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 12430 日期：1994年7月9日本发明涉及在克劳斯装置中至少含有H 2 S的粗气流脱硫，Claus废气再燃烧和从后燃除去废气中去除SO2的方法，其中 通过气体洗涤回收的SO2再循环到克劳斯植物之前的一个点。 根据本发明，在克劳斯工厂内，粗气中所含的硫的60％至90％，优选67％至85％，特别优选67％至80％的硫直接从粗气中分离出来， 并且原始气体中原始含有的硫的33％至10％，优选25％至10％，特别优选20％至15％被再循环为SO 2。 用于除去SO 2的气体洗涤有利地用具有物理作用的吸收剂进行。 粗气体的一部分流可以直接进入后燃，绕过克劳斯工厂。 除了在850℃至1300℃之间，优选在900℃至1100℃之间操作的克劳斯反应器之外，克劳斯设备可以含有一个或多个用于硫生产的催化和/或热反应器以及用于 硫回收，仅使用硫化氢的阶段，或由直接氧化的克劳斯工厂组成。
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公开(公告)号：US20140248194A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-04
申请号：US14130369
申请日：2012-06-29
申请人： Freimut Marold
发明人： Freimut Marold
IPC分类号： B01J8/04
CPC分类号： B01J8/0496 , B01J19/249 , B01J2208/022 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/2472 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2481 , B01J2219/2482 , B01J2219/2485 , B01J2219/2495
摘要： The invention relates to a reactor for the catalytic conversion of reaction media (1) in a reaction chamber (4) with the aid of a catalyst, wherein the reactor is equipped with at least one plate heat exchanger (6) in a reactor container (2). The plate heat exchanger (6) is substantially composed of heat-exchange plates (5) separated from each other by packings (7). The heat-exchange plates (5) define, between each other, the reaction chamber (4) through which the reaction medium (1) flows. According to the invention, the respective packing (7) is constructed as a catalyst support (7) that is structurally independent of the plate heat exchanger (6). In this case, the support (7) in question may be optionally inserted into a plate interstice (4) defining the reaction chamber (4) and removed again therefrom.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于在催化剂的帮助下在反应室（4）中催化转化反应介质（1）的反应器，其中反应器在反应器容器中配备有至少一个板式换热器（6） 2）。 板式换热器（6）基本上由通过填料（7）彼此分离的热交换板（5）组成。 热交换板（5）在反应室（4）之间形成反应介质（1）流过的反应室（4）。 根据本发明，各个填料（7）被构造为在结构上独立于板式热交换器（6）的催化剂载体（7）。 在这种情况下，所述支撑件（7）可以可选地插入限定反应室（4）的板间隙（4）中，并再次从其中移除。
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公开(公告)号：US4764192A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US889565
申请日：1986-07-25
CPC分类号： C01B17/0447 , C01B17/021 , C01B17/0232
摘要： In a sulfur condenser and degasser system associated with a Claus furnace, the condenser comprises a wound cross-countercurrent heat exchanger. Liquid sulfur is passed into the top of the condenser as reflux so that ascending sulfur droplets can be coalesced and the condenser can act as a rectifying column. The degassing is preferably carried out substantially simultaneously with the formation of liquid sulfur.
摘要翻译： 在与克劳斯炉相关联的硫冷凝器和脱气装置中，冷凝器包括一个缠绕的交叉逆流热交换器。 液态硫作为回流通入冷凝器的顶部，使得上升的硫滴可以聚结并且冷凝器可以用作精馏塔。 脱气优选与液体硫的形成基本上同时进行。
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公开(公告)号：US09409138B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-09
申请号：US14130369
申请日：2012-06-29
申请人： Freimut Marold
发明人： Freimut Marold
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J8/04 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , B01J19/30 , B01J19/32 , B01J35/00 , B01J35/02
CPC分类号： B01J8/0496 , B01J19/249 , B01J2208/022 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/2472 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2481 , B01J2219/2482 , B01J2219/2485 , B01J2219/2495
摘要： A reactor has a container through which a reactive medium is passed and a plurality of plates in the container defining a plurality of between-plate reaction spaces through which the reactive medium travels. The plates are self-supporting and fixed in the container. Respective self-contained packings each formed by a support independent of the container are each of a flat shape that completely or almost completely fills the between-plate space and are each fittable to a variable depth in and removable from a respective one of the spaces. The supports each hold a catalyst for the reactive medium and are also removable from and insertable with the respective catalyst into the respective spaces such that when the catalyst is exhausted the packings can be replaced with fresh packings.
摘要翻译： 反应器具有通过反应介质通过的容器，并且容器中的多个板限定反应介质穿过的多个板间反应空间。 板是自支撑并固定在容器中。 由独立于容器的支撑件形成的各自独立的填料各自是平坦的形状，其完全或几乎完全填充板间空间，并且每个填充物可适应于相应的一个空间中的可移除的深度。 所述载体各自保持用于反应介质的催化剂，并且也可以从各自的催化剂中除去和插入到相应的空间中，使得当催化剂被排出时，填料可用新鲜的填料代替。
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公开(公告)号：US5439664A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US905567
申请日：1992-06-29
申请人： Michael Heisel , Freimut Marold
发明人： Michael Heisel , Freimut Marold
CPC分类号： C01B17/04 , C01B17/0421 , Y02P20/129
摘要： For the thermal conversion of hydrogen sulfide contained in a gaseous stream, the gaseous stream is introduced into a non-catalytic reactor together with sulfur dioxide obtained from a waste gas purification facility arranged downstream of the reactor. If necessary, the sulfur yield can be regulated by feeding additional fuel gas and/or reducing gas and/or process air into the reactor. The thus-produced vapor-phase sulfur is condensed out by cooling and is obtained as a product; the resultant gaseous stream extensively freed of sulfur compounds is discharged and fed into the aforesaid downstream waste gas purification facility.
摘要翻译： 对于气流中所含的硫化氢的热转化，将气流与排放在反应器下游的废气净化装置获得的二氧化硫一起引入非催化反应器。 如果需要，可以通过向反应器中加入额外的燃料气体和/或还原气体和/或处理空气来调节硫产量。 由此产生的气相硫通过冷却冷凝，得到产物; 大量释放硫化合物的所得气流被排出并进料到上述下游废气净化设备中。
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公开(公告)号：US4988431A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-29
申请号：US097000
申请日：1987-09-16
CPC分类号： B01J8/0496 , B01J8/0453 , C01B23/00 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141
摘要： A process for performing catalytic reactions with intensive heat of reaction, in which a reaction mixture is conducted through a catalyst bed, from which the reaction heat is removed or to which it is fed by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchange medium. The catalyst bed adjoins at least one bed of a catalytically inert material, which also is in indirect heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.
摘要翻译： 一种用强烈的反应热进行催化反应的方法，其中将反应混合物通过催化剂床进行，反应热从该催化剂床除去，或通过与热交换介质的间接热交换进料。 催化剂床邻近至少一个催化惰性材料床，其也与热交换介质进行间接热交换。
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