公开(公告)号：US20110008856A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-13

申请号：US11924531

申请日：2007-10-25

申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank A. Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank A. Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

IPC分类号： C12P7/52 ,  C12N1/00 ,  C12N1/21 ,  C12N15/00 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N15/63

CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-Co A transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, α-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

摘要翻译： 已经从细菌中分离出编码4-羟基丁酰-CoA转移酶的基因，并整合到也表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合酶的细菌的基因组中，以使用包括细菌和植物在内的转基因生物来产生含4HB的聚羟基链烷酸酯的改进的生产方法。 新途径提供了从低廉的碳源（如糖和脂肪酸）生产含有PHB的4HB的方法，其产率高，稳定。 有用的菌株是通过筛选在其基因组中整合了编码4HB-CoA转移酶和/或PHA合成酶的基因的聚合物生产获得的菌株。 用于聚合物生产的方法使用可以利用廉价底物的重组体系。 提供可以利用氨基酸降解途径的系统，α-酮戊二酸或琥珀酸作为底物。

公开(公告)号：US07229804B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US11245891

申请日：2005-10-07

申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank A. Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank A. Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

IPC分类号： C12P7/62 ,  C12N15/54 ,  C12N15/53

CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, α-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

摘要翻译： 已经从细菌中分离出编码4-羟基丁酰辅酶A转移酶的基因，并整合到也表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合成酶的细菌的基因组中，以产生使用包括细菌和植物在内的转基因生物体的含4HB的聚羟基链烷酸酯的改进的生产方法。 新途径提供了从低廉的碳源（如糖和脂肪酸）生产含有PHB的4HB的方法，其产率高，稳定。 有用的菌株是通过筛选在其基因组中整合了编码4HB-CoA转移酶和/或PHA合成酶的基因的聚合物生产获得的菌株。 用于聚合物生产的方法使用可以利用廉价底物的重组体系。 提供可以利用氨基酸降解途径的系统，α-酮戊二酸或琥珀酸作为底物。

公开(公告)号：US07081357B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-25

申请号：US10773916

申请日：2004-02-06

申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

IPC分类号： C12P7/62 ,  C12N15/53 ,  C12N15/54

CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, α-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

摘要翻译： 已经从细菌中分离出编码4-羟基丁酰辅酶A转移酶的基因，并整合到也表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合成酶的细菌的基因组中，以产生使用包括细菌和植物在内的转基因生物体的含4HB的聚羟基链烷酸酯的改进的生产方法。 新途径提供了从低廉的碳源（如糖和脂肪酸）生产含有PHB的4HB的方法，其产率高，稳定。 有用的菌株是通过筛选在其基因组中整合了编码4HB-CoA转移酶和/或PHA合成酶的基因的聚合物生产获得的菌株。 用于聚合物生产的方法使用可以利用廉价底物的重组体系。 提供可以利用氨基酸降解途径的系统，α-酮戊二酸或琥珀酸作为底物。

公开(公告)号：US06316262B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09156809

申请日：1998-09-18

申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

IPC分类号： C12N1554

CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-Co A transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, &agr;-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

摘要翻译： 已经从细菌中分离出编码4-羟基丁酰-CoA转移酶的基因，并整合到也表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合酶的细菌的基因组中，以使用包括细菌和植物在内的转基因生物来产生含4HB的聚羟基链烷酸酯的改进的生产方法。 新途径提供了从低廉的碳源（如糖和脂肪酸）生产含有PHB的4HB的方法，其产率高，稳定。 有用的菌株是通过筛选在其基因组中整合了编码4HB-CoA转移酶和/或PHA合成酶的基因的聚合物生产获得的菌株。 用于聚合物生产的方法使用可以利用廉价底物的重组体系。 提供可以利用氨基酸降解途径的系统，α-酮戊二酸或琥珀酸作为底物。

公开(公告)号：US20100093043A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-15

申请号：US11735888

申请日：2007-04-16

申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

IPC分类号： C12P13/04 ,  C12N1/12 ,  C12N15/74

CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-Co A transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, α-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

摘要翻译： 已经从细菌中分离出编码4-羟基丁酰-CoA转移酶的基因，并整合到也表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合酶的细菌的基因组中，以使用包括细菌和植物在内的转基因生物来产生含4HB的聚羟基链烷酸酯的改进的生产方法。 新途径提供了从低廉的碳源（如糖和脂肪酸）生产含有PHB的4HB的方法，其产率高，稳定。 有用的菌株是通过筛选在其基因组中整合了编码4HB-CoA转移酶和/或PHA合成酶的基因的聚合物生产获得的菌株。 用于聚合物生产的方法使用可以利用廉价底物的重组体系。 提供可以利用氨基酸降解途径的系统，α-酮戊二酸或琥珀酸作为底物。

公开(公告)号：US06689589B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

申请号：US10006915

申请日：2001-11-09

申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

IPC分类号： C12P762

CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-Co A transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, &agr;-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

公开(公告)号：US6083729A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-04

申请号：US548840

申请日：1995-10-26

申请人： David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples ,  Simon F. Williams

发明人： David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples ,  Simon F. Williams

IPC分类号： A01H1/00 ,  C08G63/89 ,  C08H99/00 ,  C12N5/10 ,  C12N15/09 ,  C12P7/62 ,  C07C69/66 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12P7/40

CPC分类号： C08G63/89 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： Methods are provided for separating polyhydroxyalkanoates ("PHAs") from plants, such as transgenic oil crop plants. The methods advantageously permit both the oil and the PHAs to be recovered from the plant biomass. To isolate the PHAs, in one embodiment, a biomass derived from an oil crop plant is pre-processed, for example by grinding, crushing or rolling. The oil then is extracted from the biomass with a first solvent in which the oil is soluble and in which the PHAs are not highly soluble to remove the oil. The biomass then can be extracted with a second solvent in which the PHA is soluble, to separate the PHA from the biomass. Alternatively, the PHA-containing biomass is treated with a chemical or biochemical agent, such as an enzyme, to chemically transform the PHA into a PHA derivative. The PHA derivative then is separated from the mixture using, for example, a physical separation process such as distillation, extraction or chromatography. Advantageously, using the method, the plant oils, the PHAs and PHA derivatives can be recovered and purified on a large scale from oil containing plants such as transgenic oil crop plants.

摘要翻译： 提供了从植物如转基因油料作物植物中分离聚羟基链烷酸酯（“PHAs”）的方法。 该方法有利地允许从植物生物质中回收油和PHA。 为了分离PHA，在一个实施方案中，来自油料作物植物的生物质被预处理，例如通过研磨，破碎或轧制。 然后用第一溶剂从生物质中提取油，其中油是可溶的，并且其中PHAs不是高度可溶的以除去油。 然后生物质可以用其中PHA可溶的第二溶剂萃取，以将PHA与生物质分离。 或者，将含PHA的生物质用化学或生化剂如酶处理，以将PHA化学转化为PHA衍生物。 然后使用例如物理分离方法如蒸馏，萃取或色谱法将PHA衍生物与混合物分离。 有利地，使用该方法，植物油，PHA和PHA衍生物可以从含油植物如转基因油料作物植物大规模回收和纯化。

公开(公告)号：US06380244B2

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09359086

申请日：1999-07-22

申请人： David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples ,  Simon F. Williams ,  Luhua Zhong

发明人： David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples ,  Simon F. Williams ,  Luhua Zhong

IPC分类号： A61K31335

CPC分类号： A61K31/765 ,  A23K20/105 ,  A23K50/10 ,  A23L33/10 ,  A23V2002/00 ,  A61K31/00 ,  A61K31/19 ,  A23V2250/206 ,  A23V2250/21 ,  A23V2250/30

摘要： Nutritional or therapeutic compositions are provided for increasing ketone body levels in the blood of mammals by providing a source of ketone bodies in the form of linear or cyclic oligomers and/or derivatives of 3-hydroxyacids. The 3-hydroxyacid can be in the form of a linear oligomer of 3-hydroxyacids other than linear homo-oligomers of 3-hydroxybutyric acid if administered in combination with acetoacetate, cyclic oligomers of 3-hydroxyacids, esters of the linear or cyclic oligomers, esters of 3-hydroxyacids other than 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and combinations thereof. An oligomer generally refers to a polymer of three or more hydroxyacids. Preferred 3-hydroxyacids include 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyvalerate, 3-hydroxyhexanoate, and 3-hydroxyheptanoate. Oligomers of odd-carbon number 3-hydroxyacids such as 3-hydroxyvalerate have advantages since they have a higher energy content than oligomers of 3-hydroxyacids having an even-number of carbons. The cyclic oligomers have advantageous properties since they result in a sustained, and/or controlled, ketone blood level over a period of hours. The compositions can be administered orally, for example, as a nutritional or dietary supplement, or intravenously. Increasing blood ketone levels is useful for seizure control, metabolic disease control, reduction of protein catabolism, appetite suppression, parenteral nutrition, increasing cardiac efficiency, treatment of diabetes and insulin resistant states, and treatment of effects of neurodegenerative disorders and epilepsy.

摘要翻译： 提供营养或治疗组合物用于通过提供3-羟基酸的线性或环状低聚物和/或其衍生物形式的酮体源来增加哺乳动物血液中的酮体水平。 如果与乙酰乙酸酯，3-羟基酸的环状低聚物，线性或环状低聚物的酯类，与3-羟基丁酸的线性低聚物一起使用，3-羟基酸可以是3-羟基酸的线性低聚物的形式， 3-羟基丁酸以外的3-羟基酸的酯，以及它们的组合。 低聚物通常是指三种或更多种羟基酸的聚合物。 优选的3-羟基酸包括3-羟基丁酸酯，3-羟基戊酸酯，3-羟基己酸酯和3-羟基庚酸酯。 奇数3-羟基酸如3-羟基戊酸酯的低聚物具有优点，因为它们具有比具有偶数碳原子的3-羟基酸的低聚物更高的能量含量。 环状低聚物具有有利的性质，因为它们在数小时内产生持续和/或控制的酮血液水平。 组合物可以口服给药，例如作为营养或膳食补充剂或静脉内给药。 增加血液酮水平对于癫痫发作控制，代谢疾病控制，蛋白质分解代谢减少，食欲抑制，胃肠外营养，增加心脏功能，治疗糖尿病和胰岛素抵抗状态以及治疗神经变性疾病和癫痫的作用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US06709848B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

申请号：US09591739

申请日：2000-06-12

申请人： David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples ,  Simon F. Williams

发明人： David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples ,  Simon F. Williams

IPC分类号： C12P764

CPC分类号： C08G63/89 ,  C12P7/625

摘要： Methods are provided for separating polyhydroxyalkanoates (“PHAs”) from plants, such as transgenic oil crop plants. The methods advantageously permit both the oil and the PHAs to be recovered from the plant biomass. To isolate the PHAs, in one embodiment, a biomass derived from an oil crop plant is pre-processed, for example by grinding, crushing or rolling. The oil then is extracted from the biomass with a first solvent in which the oil is soluble and in which the PHAs are not highly soluble to remove the oil. The biomass then can be extracted with a second solvent in which the PHA is soluble, to separate the PHA from the biomass. Alternatively, the PHA-containing biomass is treated with a chemical or biochemical agent, such as an enzyme, to chemically transform the PHA into a PHA derivative. The PHA derivative then is separated from the mixture using, for example, a physical separation process such as distillation, extraction or chromatography. Advantageously, using the method, the plant oils, the PHAs and PHA derivatives can be recovered and purified on a large scale from oil containing plants such as transgenic oil crop plants.

摘要翻译： 提供了从植物如转基因油料作物植物中分离聚羟基链烷酸酯（“PHAs”）的方法。 该方法有利地允许从植物生物质中回收油和PHA。 为了分离PHA，在一个实施方案中，来自油料作物植物的生物质被预处理，例如通过研磨，破碎或轧制。 然后用第一溶剂从生物质中提取油，其中油是可溶的，并且其中PHAs不是高度可溶的以除去油。 然后生物质可以用其中PHA可溶的第二溶剂萃取，以将PHA与生物质分离。 或者，将含PHA的生物质用化学或生化剂如酶处理，以将PHA化学转化为PHA衍生物。 然后使用例如物理分离方法如蒸馏，萃取或色谱法将PHA衍生物与混合物分离。 有利地，使用该方法，植物油，PHA和PHA衍生物可以从含油植物如转基因油料作物植物大规模回收和纯化。

公开(公告)号：US06838493B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US10082954

申请日：2002-02-26

申请人： Simon F. Williams ,  David P. Martin ,  Frank A. Skraly

发明人： Simon F. Williams ,  David P. Martin ,  Frank A. Skraly

IPC分类号： A61B17/58 ,  A61F2/84 ,  A61K45/00 ,  A61L15/64 ,  A61L17/00 ,  A61L17/12 ,  A61L27/00 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L27/58 ,  A61L31/06 ,  A61L31/14 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08K5/00 ,  C12P7/62 ,  C08L67/04 ,  A61F13/00

CPC分类号： A61L27/58 ,  A61F2/07 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61K31/715 ,  A61L17/12 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L31/06 ,  A61L31/148 ,  A61L31/16 ,  A61L2300/00 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08J9/26 ,  C08J2201/0444 ,  C08J2201/0482 ,  C08J2367/04 ,  C08K5/0033 ,  C08L67/04 ,  C12P7/625 ,  Y10S606/911

摘要： Devices formed of or including biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoates are provided with controlled degradation rates, preferably less than one year under physiological conditions. Preferred devices include sutures, suture fasteners, meniscus repair devices, rivets, tacks, staples, screws (including interference screws), bone plates and bone plating systems, surgical mesh, repair patches, slings, cardiovascular patches, orthopedic pins (including bone filling augmentation material), adhesion barriers, stents, guided tissue repair/regeneration devices, articular cartilage repair devices, nerve guides, tendon repair devices, atrial septal defect repair devices, pericardial patches, bulking and filling agents, vein valves, bone marrow scaffolds, meniscus regeneration devices, ligament and tendon grafts, ocular cell implants, spinal fusion cages, skin substitutes, dural substitutes, bone graft substitutes, bone dowels, wound dressings, and hemostats. The polyhydroxyalkanoates can contain additives, be formed of mixtures of monomers or include pendant groups or modifications in their backbones, or can be chemically modified, all to alter the degradation rates. The polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions also provide favorable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and degradation times within desirable time frames under physiological conditions.

摘要翻译： 由生物相容性聚羟基链烷酸酯形成或包括生物相容性聚羟基链烷酸酯的设备具有受控的降解速率，优选在生理条件下小于一年。 优选的装置包括缝线，缝线紧固件，弯液面修复装置，铆钉，钉，钉，螺钉（包括干涉螺钉），骨板和骨电镀系统，外科手术网，修复贴片，吊索，心血管贴片，矫形针 材料），粘附屏障，支架，引导组织修复/再生装置，关节软骨修复装置，神经导管，肌腱修复装置，房间隔缺损修复装置，心包块，填充剂和填充剂，静脉瓣，骨髓支架，半月板再生 装置，韧带和腱移植物，眼细胞植入物，脊髓融合笼，皮肤替代物，硬脑膜替代物，骨移植物替代物，骨榫，伤口敷料和止血剂。 聚羟基链烷酸酯可以含有由单体的混合物形成的添加剂，或者在其主链中包括侧基或修饰，或者可以化学改性，以改变降解速率。 聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物还在生理条件下的期望时间范围内提供有利的机械性能，生物相容性和降解时间。