公开(公告)号：US4046717A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-06

申请号：US678784

申请日：1976-04-21

申请人： Gordon Francis Johnston ,  Alexander Martin ,  Alan Digby Tomlinson

发明人： Gordon Francis Johnston ,  Alexander Martin ,  Alan Digby Tomlinson

IPC分类号： C11D3/20 ,  C11D3/33 ,  C11D9/26 ,  C11D9/30 ,  C11D17/00

CPC分类号： C11D17/006 ,  C11D3/2086 ,  C11D3/33 ,  C11D9/26 ,  C11D9/30

摘要： A detergent or soap bar intended for personal washing is given a skin moisturizing effect by including a water soluble lactate and/or glutamate salt. Preferably at least 20% of the salt is present.

摘要翻译： 用于个人洗涤的洗涤剂或肥皂条通过包含水溶性乳酸盐和/或谷氨酸盐给予皮肤保湿作用。 优选地，存在至少20％的盐。

公开(公告)号：US20100065895A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-18

申请号：US12311707

申请日：2007-10-10

申请人： Richard Fix ,  Oliver Wolst ,  Markus Widenmeyer ,  Alexander Martin

发明人： Richard Fix ,  Oliver Wolst ,  Markus Widenmeyer ,  Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： H01L29/66 ,  H01L21/44 ,  H01L21/469

CPC分类号： C23C18/02 ,  C23C18/08 ,  C23C18/1208 ,  C23C18/122 ,  C23C18/127 ,  C23C18/14 ,  C23C24/08 ,  C23C26/00 ,  G01N27/4141

摘要： A method for producing at least one porous layer on a substrate, whereby a suspension, which contains particles from a layer-forming material or molecular precursors of the layer-forming material, as well as at least one organic component, is applied to the substrate, the precursors of the layer-forming material are subsequently reacted to produce the layer-forming material following application to the substrate, in a next step, the particles from the layer-forming material are sintered, and the at least one organic component is subsequently removed. Also, a field-effect transistor having at least one gate electrode, the gate electrode having an electrically conductive, porous coating which was applied in accordance with the method.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在基材上制备至少一个多孔层的方法，由此将含有成层材料的颗粒或成层材料的分子前体的悬浮液以及至少一种有机组分施加到基材上 随后在施加到基底之后使成层材料的前体反应以产生层形成材料，在下一步骤中，来自层形成材料的颗粒被烧结，随后至少一种有机组分 删除。 而且，具有至少一个栅电极的场效应晶体管，栅极具有根据该方法应用的导电多孔涂层。

公开(公告)号：US20060048207A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-02

申请号：US11161916

申请日：2005-08-22

申请人： Alexander Martin

发明人： Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： H04M11/00 ,  H04N7/16 ,  H04N7/173

CPC分类号： H04N5/4403 ,  H04M1/271 ,  H04M1/6033 ,  H04M2250/74 ,  H04N5/44 ,  H04N5/44582 ,  H04N5/913 ,  H04N21/42203 ,  H04N21/4788 ,  H04N21/4882 ,  H04N2005/4428 ,  H04N2005/91314 ,  H04N2005/91328

摘要： The present invention is a television set that is operated by voice commands without the use of a remote control as is typical in the art. The device also is multifunctional in combining television viewing capabilities, with voice telephone sending and receiving capabilities, digital video recording capabilities and weather alert indications. All of these functions are combined into a single device. The present invention makes improvements on those known in the art by eliminating the need for any second control device (e.g. remote control) and combining many devices into a single device that can be controlled by the user's voice commands.

摘要翻译： 本发明是通过语音命令操作的电视机，而不使用如本领域中典型的遥控器。 该设备在电视观看功能，语音电话发送和接收功能，数字视频记录功能和天气警报指示的组合方面也是多功能的。 所有这些功能都组合成单个设备。 本发明通过消除对任何第二控制设备（例如，远程控制）的需要并将许多设备组合成可由用户的语音命令控制的单个设备来改进本领域中已知的那些。

公开(公告)号：US5736500A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-07

申请号：US413069

申请日：1995-03-29

申请人： Donald Michael Farnworth ,  Alexander Martin

发明人： Donald Michael Farnworth ,  Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： C11D1/66 ,  C11D1/02 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D3/18 ,  C11D3/20 ,  C11D3/43 ,  C11D17/00 ,  C11D17/08 ,  C11D3/44

CPC分类号： C11D3/43 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D17/0021 ,  C11D1/02

摘要： Improved microemulsions having a lower level of solvent, a lower level of oil, a more robust formulation and/or exhibiting equivalent if not better performance on fatty soils can be obtained by simultaneous selection of specific surfactants, specific oils and specific solvents. When all three of these components are selected in the manner described herein, a synergistic benefit is attained. The present invention provides a liquid, aqueous cleaning composition in the form of a stable emulsion having a dispersed phase diameter of 10-100 nanometres comprising: a) at least 30 wt % water, b) at least l wt % but not more than 40 wt % of a surfactant system comprising at least one alkoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactant and not more than 10 wt % on alkoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactant of anionic surfactant, c) at least 2 wt % but not more than 20 wt % of a solvent having a solubility of less than 12% w/w in water, and, d) at least 0.2 wt % but less than 10 wt % of a substantially water-insoluble oil which is a solvent for fats.

摘要翻译： 通过同时选择特定的表面活性剂，特定油和特定溶剂，可以获得具有较低水平的溶剂，较低水平的油，更稳定的制剂和/或在脂肪土壤上显示相当的（如果不是更好的性能）的改进的微乳液。 当以本文所述的方式选择这三种组分时，可获得协同效益。 本发明提供了具有10-100纳米分散相直径的稳定乳液形式的液体水性清洁组合物，其包含：a）至少30重量％的水，b）至少1重量％但不超过40重量％ wt％的包含至少一种烷氧基化醇非离子表面活性剂和不大于10重量％的阴离子表面活性剂的烷氧基化醇非离子表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系，c）至少2重量％但不大于20重量％的具有溶解度的溶剂 在水中小于12％w / w，以及​​d）作为脂肪溶剂的基本上不溶于水的油的至少0.2wt％但小于10wt％。

公开(公告)号：US08513711B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-20

申请号：US12924284

申请日：2010-09-23

申请人： Denis Kunz ,  Markus Widenmeyer ,  Alexander Martin

发明人： Denis Kunz ,  Markus Widenmeyer ,  Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： H01L21/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/4141

摘要： A gas-sensitive semiconductor device having a semiconductive channel (10) which is delimited by a first (12) and a second (14) channel electrode, and having a gate electrode (16) which is associated with the channel and which cooperates with the channel in such a way that a change in conductivity of the channel (10) occurs as a response to an action of a gas. The gate electrode (16) and/or a gate insulation layer (20) which insulates the gate electrode from the channel, and/or a gate stack layer (18) which may be provided between the gate electrode and the channel have/has two surface sections (22, 24) which differ in their sensitivity to gases.

摘要翻译： 一种气体敏感半导体器件，具有由第一（12）和第二（14）沟道电极限定的半导体沟道（10），并且具有与沟道相关联的栅电极（16） 通道以使得通道（10）的电导率的变化作为对气体作用的响应而发生。 栅极电极（16）和/或使栅电极与沟道绝缘的栅极绝缘层（20）和/或可设置在栅电极和沟道之间的栅叠层（18）具有两个 表面部分（22,24），其对气体的敏感性不同。

公开(公告)号：US08187762B2

公开(公告)日：2012-05-29

申请号：US12117078

申请日：2008-05-08

申请人： Frank Baumann ,  Florian Wahl ,  Alexander Martin

发明人： Frank Baumann ,  Florian Wahl ,  Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  F28D15/00 ,  F28F13/12

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04044

摘要： A fuel cell cooling device has a cooling loop for circulating a coolant fluid. At least during the operation of the fuel cell, an ion extraction medium that is in the liquid state is provided. A method for cleaning a coolant with a corresponding fuel cell cooling device is provided as well.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池冷却装置具有用于使冷却剂流体循环的冷却回路。 至少在燃料电池的操作期间，提供处于液态的离子提取介质。 还提供了用相应的燃料电池冷却装置清洁冷却剂的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20110132773A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-09

申请号：US12452673

申请日：2008-07-03

申请人： Dirk Liemersdorf ,  Richard Fix ,  Oliver Wolst ,  Alexander Martin ,  Martin Le-Huu

发明人： Dirk Liemersdorf ,  Richard Fix ,  Oliver Wolst ,  Alexander Martin ,  Martin Le-Huu

IPC分类号： G01N27/414 ,  H01L29/772

CPC分类号： G01N27/4148

摘要： An apparatus for detecting at least one substance present in a fluid flow includes at least one field effect transistor which acts as a measuring sensor, and at least one field effect transistor which acts as a reference element, the field effect transistors each having at least one source electrode, one drain electrode, and one gate electrode. The gate electrode of the field effect transistor which acts as the measuring sensor is sensitive to the at least one substance to be detected, and the gate electrode of the field effect transistor which acts as the reference element is essentially insensitive to the at least one substance to be detected. The source electrode of one of the field effect transistors and the drain electrode of the other of the field effect transistors are connected to one another and to a signal line. A method for detecting at least one substance present in a fluid flow by using the apparatus is also described, a potential of 0 volt being applied to the signal line and the current flowing on the signal line being measured.

摘要翻译： 用于检测存在于流体流中的至少一种物质的装置包括至少一个用作测量传感器的场效应晶体管和至少一个作为参考元件的场效应晶体管，每个场效应晶体管具有至少一个 源电极，一个漏电极和一个栅电极。 用作测量传感器的场效应晶体管的栅电极对待检测的至少一种物质敏感，作为参考元件的场效应晶体管的栅电极对至少一种物质基本上不敏感 被检测。 场效应晶体管中的一个的源电极和另一个场效应晶体管的漏电极彼此连接并连接到信号线。 还描述了通过使用该装置来检测存在于流体流中的至少一种物质的方法，将对信号线施加0伏的电位，并测量在信号线上流动的电流。

公开(公告)号：US20110121368A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-26

申请号：US12924284

申请日：2010-09-23

申请人： Denis Kunz ,  Markus Widenmeyer ,  Alexander Martin

发明人： Denis Kunz ,  Markus Widenmeyer ,  Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： G01N27/403

CPC分类号： G01N27/4141

摘要： A gas-sensitive semiconductor device having a semiconductive channel (10) which is delimited by a first (12) and a second (14) channel electrode, and having a gate electrode (16) which is associated with the channel and which cooperates with the channel in such a way that a change in conductivity of the channel (10) occurs as a response to an action of a gas. The gate electrode (16) and/or a gate insulation layer (20) which insulates the gate electrode from the channel, and/or a gate stack layer (18) which may be provided between the gate electrode and the channel have/has two surface sections (22, 24) which differ in their sensitivity to gases.

摘要翻译： 一种气体敏感半导体器件，具有由第一（12）和第二（14）沟道电极限定的半导体沟道（10），并且具有与沟道相关联的栅电极（16） 通道以使得通道（10）的电导率的变化作为对气体作用的响应而发生。 栅极电极（16）和/或使栅电极与沟道绝缘的栅极绝缘层（20）和/或可设置在栅电极和沟道之间的栅叠层（18）具有两个 表面部分（22,24），其对气体的敏感性不同。

公开(公告)号：US20070082417A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

申请号：US11163229

申请日：2005-10-11

申请人： Alexander Martin ,  Eric Solecky

发明人： Alexander Martin ,  Eric Solecky

IPC分类号： H01L21/66 ,  G01R31/26

CPC分类号： H01L22/12

摘要： A method for reducing edge effect interference with critical dimension (CD) measurement of semiconductor via structures includes forming a test structure in a kerf region of a semiconductor wafer, the test structure including at least a via structure and a trench structure in contact with the via structure. The via structure is formed in accordance with a critical dimension associated with a corresponding via structure in a circuit region of the semiconductor wafer, and the trench structure is formed in accordance with a widened dimension with respect to a minimum ground rule dimension associated with a corresponding trench structure in a circuit region of the semiconductor wafer.

摘要翻译： 一种用于减少半导体通孔结构的临界尺寸（CD）测量的边缘效应干扰的方法包括在半导体晶片的切口区域中形成测试结构，测试结构至少包括通孔结构和与通孔接触的沟槽结构 结构体。 通孔结构根据与半导体晶片的电路区域中的对应的通孔结构相关联的临界尺寸形成，并且沟槽结构根据相对于与相应的相应的最小基准规则尺寸的加宽尺寸形成 半导体晶片的电路区域中的沟槽结构。

公开(公告)号：US20060009882A9

公开(公告)日：2006-01-12

申请号：US10745658

申请日：2003-12-29

申请人： Patrick Berwanger ,  Robert Kreder ,  Alexander Martin

发明人： Patrick Berwanger ,  Robert Kreder ,  Alexander Martin

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： F16K37/0091

摘要： Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) can be applied to provide a more realistic assessment of the risk associated with vessel accumulation due to common mode scenarios. The QRA process takes the results of a traditional flare study and QRA inputs such as the frequencies of the common mode scenarios and the layers of protection that will tend to reduce the severity of the common mode scenario, and generates an system risk profile, such as an accumulation versus frequency relationship for each vessel discharging to the relief header. This relationship provides an estimate of the overall risk associated with the relief header system. The QRA program makes the above analysis process possible by automating the generation, execution, and interpretation of the many possible permutations that are required to characterize the system.

摘要翻译： 定量风险分析（QRA）可以应用于提供一个更为现实的评估与普通模式情景相关的血管积累风险。 QRA过程采用传统的flare研究和QRA输入的结果，例如共同模式场景和保护层的频率将趋于降低共模情景的严重性，并产生系统风险特征，如 每个容器排放到救生头的累积与频率关系。 这种关系提供了与救济头系统相关的整体风险的估计。 QRA程序通过自动化生成，执行和解释表征系统所需的许多可能的排列来使上述分析过程成为可能。