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公开(公告)号：US07492351B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-17
申请号：US10741952
申请日：2003-12-18
IPC分类号： G06F3/033
CPC分类号： G06F3/03545 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/03543
摘要： A computer cursor control device includes (1) a light source generating light directed toward a stationary surface, (2) an optional phase modulator, (3) an optional function generator causing the phase modulator to periodically phase shift the light, and (4) a signal processor determining a direction in which the device is moving from a beat frequency or an asymmetry in the light intensity. Another computer cursor control device includes (1) an optical element combining reference and measurement beams to form a heterodyned beam, (2) a phase modulator located in an optical path of the reference beam or the measurement beam, (3) a function generator causing the phase modulator to phase shift the reference beam, and (4) a signal processor determining a direction in which the device is moving from a beat frequency of the heterodyned beam.
摘要翻译： 计算机光标控制装置包括：（1）产生朝向静止面的光的光源，（2）任选的相位调制器，（3）使所述相位调制器周期性地相移所述光的可选函数发生器，以及（4） 信号处理器确定设备从拍频或光强度的不对称性移动的方向。 另一个计算机光标控制装置包括（1）组合参考和测量光束以形成外差光束的光学元件，（2）位于参考光束或测量光束的光路中的相位调制器，（3）功能发生器， 所述相位调制器使所述参考光束相移，以及（4）信号处理器确定所述装置从所述外差束的拍频开始移动的方向。
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公开(公告)号：US08350812B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US13034242
申请日：2011-02-24
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： In an embodiment, a method of tracking movement relative to a surface involves comparing at least some data elements of a first array with at least some of data elements of a second array if it is determined, from an examination of the first array of data elements, that a characteristic condition does not exist in the first array of data elements, wherein the characteristic condition is related to the uniformity of at least a majority of the data elements of the first array.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，跟踪相对于表面的移动的方法涉及将第一阵列的至少一些数据元素与第二阵列的至少一些数据元素进行比较，如果从第一数据元素阵列的检查确定 在第一数据元素阵列中不存在特征条件，其中特征条件与第一阵列的至少大部分数据元素的均匀性有关。
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公开(公告)号：US08212778B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12634245
申请日：2009-12-09
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： A method for operating an optical pointing device involves capturing a plurality of arrays of data, representing light reflected from a surface to a two-dimensional array of photo detectors, processing at least some of the plurality of arrays of data to estimate movement of the surface during each of a plurality of measurement cycles, and sending a series of estimated movement update signals to a computer.
摘要翻译： 一种用于操作光学指向装置的方法涉及捕获表示从表面反射到二维光检测器阵列的光的多个数据阵列，处理多个数据阵列中的至少一些以估计表面的运动 在多个测量周期的每一个期间，并且向计算机发送一系列估计的移动更新信号。
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公开(公告)号：US07907120B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-15
申请号：US11154008
申请日：2005-06-15
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： Movement of an optical mouse may be tracked by providing a source of non-coherent light in a movable housing for illuminating a work surface at a low angle of incidence, providing a two dimensional array of photo detectors for producing arrays of data elements responsive to light reflected from surface irregularities on the illuminated work surface and providing circuitry for capturing a first array of data elements from the two dimensional array of photo detectors at a first time, for detecting a characteristic condition in the first array, for capturing a second array of data elements at a second time, and for tracking movement of the housing relative to the work surface by comparing at least some of the data elements of the first array with at least some of the data elements of the second array if the characteristic condition is not detected in the first array. Movement may be tracked by providing a source of non-coherent light in a movable housing for illuminating a work surface at a low angle of incidence, providing a two dimensional array of photo detectors for producing arrays of data elements responsive to light reflected from surface irregularities on the illuminated work surface and providing circuitry for tracking movement of the housing relative to the work surface by comparing light reflected from the surface irregularities at a first time with light reflected there from at a second time unless the light reflected at the first time does not include a characteristic condition.
摘要翻译： 可以通过在可移动壳体中提供非相干光源来跟踪光学鼠标的移动，以便以低入射角照射工作表面，提供二维阵列的光电检测器，用于产生响应于光的数据元件阵列 从照明工作表面上的表面不规则反射并提供用于在第一时间从光电检测器的二维阵列捕获数据元素的第一阵列的电路，用于检测第一阵列中的特征状态，用于捕获第二数据阵列 如果没有检测到特征条件，则通过将第一阵列的至少一些数据元素与第二阵列的至少一些数据元素进行比较来跟踪壳体相对于工作表面的移动 在第一个数组。 可以通过在可移动壳体中提供非相干光源来跟踪运动，以便以低入射角照射工作表面，提供二维阵列的光电检测器，用于响应于从表面不规则反射的光而产生数据元素阵列 在照明工作表面上并且提供电路，用于通过将来自第一时间的表面凹凸反射的光与第二时间反射的光相比较来跟踪壳体相对于工作表面的移动，除非第一次反射的光不是 包括特征条件。
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公开(公告)号：US07045287B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US09792169
申请日：2001-02-21
申请人： Douglas H. Smith , Gary B. Gordon
发明人： Douglas H. Smith , Gary B. Gordon
IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 , C12M3/00 , G01N33/566 , C07K1/00 , C07H21/02
CPC分类号： G01N33/54306 , B01L3/5021 , B01L3/50273 , B01L2300/046 , B01L2300/0636 , B01L2400/0409 , C12Q1/6813 , G01N33/54353 , Y10T436/143333
摘要： An improved method is provided for conducting chemical or biochemical reactions on a substrate surface in which the reactions take place in an enclosed chamber between components of a fluid and molecular moieties present on an interior surface of the chamber, wherein the improvement involves mixing the fluid during the reactions and maximizing contact between the fluid's components and the entirety of the reactive interior surface by (a) applying centrifugal force to the chamber and simultaneously (b) rotating the chamber about an axis thereof. The improved method is particularly advantageous in the context of a hybridization assay in which molecular components within a sample fluid hybridize to surface-bound molecular probes (e.g., as may be present in a spatially defined and physically addressable array) within a hybridization chamber, and wherein process and device parameters (e.g., sample volume, chamber volume, temperature, number of parts and materials, and the like) are critical. The invention enables use of a very small sample volume without need for a correspondingly small device, minimizes contamination (device components are disposable and the number of parts with which a fluid comes into contact is minimal), and further enables heating of the device prior to contacting the reactive surface with a sample fluid.
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公开(公告)号：US06489945B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-03
申请号：US09691318
申请日：2000-10-18
申请人： Gary B. Gordon
发明人： Gary B. Gordon
IPC分类号： G09G508
CPC分类号： G06F3/0325 , G06F3/0346
摘要： A method and system for tracking attitude of a device includes fixing a two-dimensional array of photosensors to the device and using the array to form a reference frame and a sample frame of images. The fields of view of the sample and reference frames largely overlap, so that there are common imaged features from frame to frame. Sample frames are correlated with the reference frame to detect differences in location of the common features. Based upon detection of correlations of features, an attitudinal signal indicative of pitch, yaw, and/or roll is generated. In the preferred embodiment, the attitudinal signal is used to manipulate a screen cursor of a display system, such as a remote interactive video system (RIVS). However, attitudinal tracking using the invention may be employed in other applications. Another aspect of the invention is that the two-dimensional array is configured to compensate for any curvilinear distortions introduced by a lens system for imaging the features within the field of view of the array.
摘要翻译： 用于跟踪姿态的装置的方法和系统包括将二维数组的光传感器固定到装置上并使用该阵列形成参考帧和图像样本帧。 样本和参考帧的视野大部分重叠，因此从帧到帧具有常见的成像特征。 采样帧与参考帧相关，以检测公共特征的位置差异。 基于特征相关性的检测，产生指示俯仰，偏航和/或滚动的态度信号。 在优选实施例中，态度信号用于操纵诸如远程交互式视频系统（RIVS）的显示系统的屏幕光标。 然而，使用本发明的态度跟踪可以用于其他应用。 本发明的另一方面是，二维阵列被配置为补偿由透镜系统引入的用于对阵列的视场内的特征进行成像的任何曲线失真。
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公开(公告)号：US06433780B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09753805
申请日：2001-01-02
IPC分类号： G09G508
CPC分类号： G06F3/0325 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03543 , G06F3/038
摘要： An optical mouse images as an array of pixels the spatial features of generally any micro textured or micro detailed work surface below the mouse. The photo detector responses are digitized and stored as a frame into memory. Motion produces successive frames of translated patterns of pixel information, which are compared by autocorrelation to ascertain the direction and amount of movement. A hold feature suspends the production of movement signals to the computer, allowing the mouse to be physically relocated on the work surface without disturbing the position on the screen of the pointer. This may be needed if the operator runs out of room to physically move the mouse further, but the screen pointer still needs to go further. The hold feature may be implemented with an actual button, a separate proximity detector or by detecting the presence of a characteristic condition in the digitized data, such as loss of correlation or velocity in excess of a selected limit. A convenient place for an actual hold button is along the sides of the mouse near the bottom, where the thumb and the opposing ring finger grip the mouse. The gripping force used to lift the mouse engages the hold function. Hold may incorporate a brief delay upon either the release of the hold button, detection of proper proximity or the return of reasonable digitized values. During that delay any illumination control or AGC servo loops stabilize. A new reference frame is taken prior to the resumption of motion detection.
摘要翻译： 光学鼠标将像素的阵列图像通常位于鼠标下面的任何微纹理或微细的工作表面的空间特征。 光电检测器响应被数字化并作为帧存储到存储器中。 运动产生像素信息的平移图案的连续帧，其通过自相关比较以确定运动的方向和量。 保持功能将运动信号暂停生产到计算机，允许鼠标物理地重新定位在工作表面上，而不会干扰指示器屏幕上的位置。 如果操作者耗尽空间以进一步物理移动鼠标，则可能需要这一点，但是屏幕指针仍然需要进一步。 保持特征可以用实际按钮，单独的接近检测器或通过检测数字化数据中的特征状况的存在来实现，诸如超过所选极限的相关性或速度的损失。 实际按住按钮的一个方便的地方是靠近底部的鼠标的两侧，拇指和相对的无名指握住鼠标。 用于提升鼠标的夹紧力与保持功能接合。 保持可能会在保留按钮的释放，检测到适当的接近度或合理的数字化值的返回之间引入短暂的延迟。 在该延迟期间，任何照明控制或AGC伺服回路稳定。 在恢复运动检测之前采取新的参考系。
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8.发明授权Apparatus for biomolecular array hybridization facilitated by agitation during centrifuging 失效用于生物分子阵列杂交的装置通过在离心过程中搅动而促进公开(公告)号：US06309875B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-30
申请号：US09514975
申请日：2000-02-29
申请人： Gary B. Gordon
发明人： Gary B. Gordon
IPC分类号： C12Q100
CPC分类号： B04B9/10 , B01J2219/0049 , B01J2219/00529 , B01J2219/00596 , B01J2219/00608 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00707 , B01J2219/00722 , B04B5/02 , C40B40/06 , C40B60/14
摘要： Array hybridization can be facilitated by agitating a reaction cell subject to centrifugal force greater than 1G. A two-dimensional hybridization array is preferably oriented generally orthogonal to the centrifugal force. Agitation involves titling the array back and forth about an axis, preferably parallel to a centrifuge axis. The centrifugal force serves, in a sense, as supergravity helping to overcome non-specific binding forces (viscous forces and other forces at the liquid-solid boundary) that limit the rate of liquid flow. Thus, the agitation rate and the related replenishment rate can be increased. The agitation causes the sample liquid to wash back and forth across the array, which remains protected by a thin liquid film. The resulting “tidal” motion, results in thorough mixing of the sample liquid. In addition, since only a thin film is required over much of the array, typically costly sample volume can be reduced. Thus, faster hybridization with lower sample volumes can be achieved.
摘要翻译： 通过搅拌大于1G的离心力的反应池可以促进阵列杂交。 优选地，二维杂交阵列大体垂直于离心力定向。 搅拌涉及使阵列相对于轴优先平行于离心机轴线来回转动。 在某种意义上，离心力作为超重力有助于克服限制液体流动速率的非特异性结合力（液体 - 固体边界处的粘性力和其他力）。 因此，可以提高搅拌速度和相关的补充速度。 搅拌使得样品液体在阵列之间来回冲洗，这仍然被薄的液体膜保护。 所产生的“潮汐”运动导致样品液体的充分混合。 此外，由于在阵列的大部分上仅需要薄膜，因此通常可以降低昂贵的采样体积。 因此，可以实现与较低样品体积的更快的杂交。
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公开(公告)号：US5677197A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US337809
申请日：1994-11-14
CPC分类号： G01N33/54366 , B01J19/0046 , G01N33/5304 , B01J2219/00364 , B01J2219/00527 , B01J2219/00529 , B01J2219/0054 , B01J2219/00585 , B01J2219/00596 , B01J2219/00605 , B01J2219/00612 , B01J2219/00626 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00722 , C40B40/06 , C40B60/14 , C40B70/00 , Y10S435/97 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/809
摘要： An assay system for detecting the binding of a mobile reactant to an immobilized reactant on an assay plate. The assay plate includes a substrate having an assay spot deposited thereon. The assay spot includes the immobilized reactant. In the present invention, a carrier dye is included in the assay spot, the amount of the carrier dye indicating the amount of the immobilized reactant that is present in the assay spot. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the assay spot is generated by depositing liquid on the assay plate at a location corresponding to the assay spot. The carrier dye is dissolved in the liquid and remains after the liquid evaporates. The amount of carrier dye in each spot may be measured spectroscopically and provides a means for identifying defective assay plates. The amount of carrier dye in each spot may also be recorded on the assay plate and used in conjunction with measurements of the amount of material bound to the assay spot to determine the concentration of a reactant in a solution being tested for the reactant.
摘要翻译： 用于检测移动反应物与测定板上固定的反应物的结合的测定系统。 测定板包括其上沉积有测定点的底物。 测定点包括固定的反应物。 在本发明中，载体染料包括在测定点中，载体染料的量指示存在于测定点中的固定化反应物的量。 在本发明的优选实施方案中，通过在对应于测定斑点的位置上在测定板上沉积液体来产生测定点。 载体染料溶解在液体中，在液体蒸发后残留。 每个斑点中的载体染料的量可以光谱测量，并提供用于鉴定缺陷测定板的方法。 每个斑点中的载体染料的量也可以记录在测定板上，并结合测量结合到测定点的材料的量来确定待测试的溶液中反应物的浓度。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5429728A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US125878
申请日：1993-09-23
申请人： Gary B. Gordon
发明人： Gary B. Gordon
IPC分类号： B01J4/04 , G01N27/447 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/44752 , B01J4/04
摘要： A separation capillary in a capillary electrophoresis apparatus is less than 20 microns high to restrict the flow velocity profile of the EOF to being substantially parabolic. The capillary is preferably rectangular with an aspect ratio of at least 2:1, and preferably at least 10:1, in order to increase bulk flow. Hydrostatic back pressure is applied to the capillary to reduce or cancel the EOF. The back pressure is preferably at least 50% as strong as the forward-directed EOF in order to reduce EOF, and thereby to increase resolution.
摘要翻译： 毛细管电泳装置中的分离毛细管小于20微米，以将EOF的流速分布限制为基本抛物线。 毛细管优选为纵横比为至少2:1，优选至少为10:1的矩形，以便增加大量流动。 对毛细管施加静水压力以减少或取消EOF。 背压优选为前向EOF的至少50％，以减少EOF，从而提高分离度。
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