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公开(公告)号：US4585171A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-29
申请号：US708991
申请日：1985-03-07
CPC分类号： F02M55/00 , F02M55/001 , F02M55/007 , F02M57/02 , F02B3/06 , F02D2200/0606
摘要： A fuel injection unit for each cylinder of a diesel engine includes a housing which accommodates a piston pump and an injection nozzle. The piston pump includes a cylinder liner in which a piston runs and controls a flow passage radially extending in the cylinder liner. The flow passage communicates with a supply space which is provided between the housing and the cylinder liner and is divided in vicinity of the flow passage by a baffle sleeve. The so formed two chambers are connected to separate inlet and outlet lines, i.e. that one chamber is connected to the inlet line while the other chamber communicates with the outlet line.
摘要翻译： 用于柴油发动机的每个气缸的燃料喷射单元包括容纳活塞泵和喷射喷嘴的壳体。 活塞泵包括气缸套，其中活塞运行并控制在气缸套中径向延伸的流动通道。 流路与设置在壳体和气缸套之间的供给空间连通，并通过挡板套分隔在流路附近。 这样形成的两个室连接到分离的入口和出口管线，即，一个室连接到入口管线，而另一个室室与出口管路连通。
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公开(公告)号：US4715541A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US833218
申请日：1986-02-25
CPC分类号： F02M61/18 , F02M45/083
摘要： A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle body (1) and a nozzle needle (5) guided therein. The nozzle body (1) terminates in a nozzle cap (3) in which ejection bores (4) are provided and which forms at the inside a conical valve seat (6) against which the nozzle needle (5) is pressed. The nozzle needle (5) lifts under the pressure of the fuel supplied in a first lifting phase against the force of a spring (8) off the valve seat (6) and bears on a stop (19). This stop (19) is limitedly displaceable in a second lifting phase against the force of a further spring (9). To reduce the hydrocarbon emissions in the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine and diminish ignition noise, the generated surface (M) of the imaginary cylinder formed in extension of the ejection bore (4) between the inner edge (R) thereof and the surface of the nozzle needle (5) lifted off the valve seat in the first lifting phase is made smaller than the cross-section of the ejection bore (4).
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的燃料喷嘴，包括在其中引导的喷嘴体（1）和喷嘴针（5）。 喷嘴主体（1）终止于其中设置有喷射孔（4）的喷嘴盖（3），并且在内侧形成锥形阀座（6），喷嘴针（5）被挤压到该锥形阀座。 喷嘴针（5）在第一提升阶段供应的燃料的压力下抵抗离开阀座（6）的弹簧（8）的力提升，并承载在止动件（19）上。 该止挡件（19）在第二提升阶段中有可能抵抗另一弹簧（9）的力而移位。 为了减少内燃机的废气中的碳氢化合物排放并降低点火噪声，在喷射孔（4）的内边缘（R）与表面的内表面（R）之间形成的假想气缸的产生表面（M） 在第一提升阶段中离开阀座的喷嘴针（5）的尺寸小于喷射孔（4）的横截面。
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公开(公告)号：US4715542A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US833217
申请日：1986-02-25
申请人： Josef Morell , Otto Freudenschuss , Harald Schmidt
发明人： Josef Morell , Otto Freudenschuss , Harald Schmidt
CPC分类号： F02M61/20 , F02M45/083 , F02M61/16
摘要： A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle needle (2) guided in a nozzle body (1) and loaded by a helical pressure spring (4). The nozzle needle (2) moves under the pressure of the fuel out of its closure position onto a stop (6) which in turn is loaded by a further but stronger helical pressure spring (7) and limitedly displaceable against the force thereof. The stronger helical pressure spring (7) surrounds the weaker helical pressure spring (4) and the fuel flows through a bore (5) parallel to the spring axis. To achieve a reduction of the external diameter of the injection nozzle in the region of the two springs (4, 7) the latter arranged eccentrically rather than coaxially. Furthermore, between them a preferably likewise eccentric bush (8) is provided through which in the region of its greatest wall thickness the bore (5) for the inflowing fuel extends.
摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的燃料喷嘴包括在喷嘴体（1）中引导并由螺旋压力弹簧（4）加载的喷嘴针（2）。 喷嘴针（2）在燃料的压力下从其关闭位置移动到止动件（6）上，止动件（6）又由另外但更强的螺旋压力弹簧（7）加载并且有限地抵抗其作用力被移动。 较强的螺旋压力弹簧（7）围绕较弱的螺旋压力弹簧（4），并且燃料流过平行于弹簧轴线的孔（5）。 为了实现在两个弹簧（4,7）的区域中注射喷嘴的外径的减小，后者以偏心而不是同轴的方式布置。 此外，在它们之间提供了优选地同样的偏心衬套（8），在其最大壁厚的区域中，用于流入燃料的孔（5）延伸。
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4.发明授权Control system for controlling an internal combustion engine provided with at least one fuel injection pump 失效用于控制设置有至少一个燃料喷射泵的内燃机的控制系统
公开(公告)号：US4729357A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-08
申请号：US905888
申请日：1986-09-10
IPC分类号： F02D11/10 , F02B77/08 , F02D1/02 , F02D1/08 , F02D11/04 , F02D17/00 , F02D41/22 , F02D41/38 , F02M39/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/38 , F02D1/08 , F02D11/04 , F02D2041/226
摘要： A control system for controlling an internal combustion engine which is provided with at least one fuel injection pump which comprises for the control of the fuel injection pump a control rod, a servomotor, which is adapted to be mechanically coupled to said control rod, and a microcomputer for controlling said servomotor in dependence on operating conditions of the engine and on the position of an arbitrarily operable travel control lever. Means are provided for establishing a direct mechanical connection between the arbitrarily operable travel control lever and the control rod so that the latter can be moved under the control of the travel control lever in case of a failure of the electric system which comprises the sensors, the microcomputer and the servomotor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制内燃机的控制系统，其配备有至少一个燃料喷射泵，该燃料喷射泵包括用于控制燃料喷射泵的控制杆，适于机械地联接到所述控制杆的伺服电动机，以及 微型计算机，用于根据发动机的操作条件和任意可操作的行驶控制杆的位置来控制所述伺服电动机。 提供了用于在任意可操作的行驶控制杆和控制杆之间建立直接机械连接的装置，使得在包括传感器的电气系统的故障的情况下，可以在行驶控制杆的控制下移动它 微电脑和伺服电机。
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5.发明授权Injection unit associated with each cylinder of a multicylinder diesel engine 失效与多缸柴油发动机的每个气缸相关联的喷射单元
公开(公告)号：US4603811A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US608977
申请日：1984-05-10
CPC分类号： F02M59/48 , F02M57/02 , F02M57/023 , F02M59/44 , F02B3/06
摘要： An injection unit which is associated with a cylinder of a multicylinder diesel engine and comprises an injection nozzle and an injection piston pump which is disposed in a common housing and is driveable by a cam shaft. Said pump comprises a rotatable pump piston which is displaceable in a pump cylinder and has two control edges disposed axially spaced from each other for at least one fuel passage of the pump cylinder. To obtain the desired injection accuracy by accurately observing only a few dimensions during the production and without further tests, measuring and adjusting operations, the pump piston (3) and the pump cylinder (14) each comprise at least one stop face (24, 25) extending transversely preferably normal to the pump longitudinal axis. Said faces cooperate in the basic position of the pump piston (3) assumed in the installation of the unit in the engine directly or indirectly with simultaneous rotational position fixing of the pump piston (3).
摘要翻译： 一种与多缸柴油发动机的气缸相关联的喷射单元，包括喷射喷嘴和注射活塞泵，其设置在公共壳体中并且可由凸轮轴驱动。 所述泵包括可旋转的泵活塞，所述可旋转的泵活塞可在泵缸中移位，并且具有两个控制边缘，所述两个控制边缘彼此轴向间隔设置用于泵缸的至少一个燃料通道。 为了通过在生产期间仅精细地观察几个尺寸并且不进行进一步的测试，测量和调节操作来获得期望的喷射精度，泵活塞（3）和泵筒（14）各自包括至少一个止挡面（24,25 ）横向延伸，优选地垂直于泵的纵向轴线。 在泵活塞（3）的同时旋转位置固定的情况下，所述的表面协调在泵活塞（3）的基本位置，该基础位置直接或间接地安装在发动机中。
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公开(公告)号：US4490098A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-25
申请号：US487508
申请日：1983-04-22
CPC分类号： F02M59/265 , F02B3/06
摘要： A fuel-injecting pump for diesel engines comprises pump cylinders, which are associated with respective engine cylinders and enclose a pump piston, which is adapted to be driven by a camshaft. The pump cylinders are provided with at least one radial fuel port, which at its opening into the pump cylinder is adapted to be closed and opened by the pump piston, which has two axially spaced apart valve edges. The opening of the fuel port into the pump cylinder has in that region which during the discharge stroke of the pump is first reached by the opening valve edge a substantially larger radius of curvature in the peripheral direction than in the adjacent lateral regions. Said opening and the opening valve edge have a common tangent at that point of the opening which is reached last by the opening valve edge during the discharge stroke of the pump. In order to achieve a rapid pressure drop in the pump cylinder at the end of the fuel injection with simple means in spite of inaccuracies which are due to the manufacture, the opening of the fuel port into the pump cylinder has in that region which is first reached by the opening valve edge a radius of curvature in the peripheral direction which is twice to four times the radius of curvature of a circle having the same area.
摘要翻译： 用于柴油发动机的燃料喷射泵包括泵缸，其与相应的发动机气缸相关联并且包围适于由凸轮轴驱动的泵活塞。 泵缸设置有至少一个径向燃料端口，其在其开口进入泵缸体中适于由具有两个轴向间隔开的阀门边缘的泵活塞关闭和打开。 燃料端口进入泵筒的开口在该区域中，在泵的排出行程中，首先通过打开阀边缘到达圆周方向上的曲率半径大于相邻横向区域的曲率半径。 所述开口和开口阀边缘在开口的该点处具有共同的切线，在泵的排出冲程期间由打开阀边缘最后到达。 为了在燃料喷射结束时尽可能简单的方法实现泵缸中的快速压降，尽管由于制造而导致的不准确性，但是进入泵缸的燃料口的开口在该区域中是第一 由打开阀边缘到达圆周方向的曲率半径，其是具有相同面积的圆的曲率半径的两倍到四倍。
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公开(公告)号：US4852535A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US241960
申请日：1988-09-08
CPC分类号： G05D3/14 , F02D35/0007 , F02D41/2432 , F02D41/2467 , F02D2250/16
摘要： In an automatic control method for moving a final control element, a position sensor delivers actual-position signals representing actual positions of the final control element to a computer, in which said actual position signals are compared with stored desired-position data associated with correcting signals for controlling an actuator for moving the final control element. In dependence on any deviation which is detected between said actual-position signals and desired-value data, the computer corrects the correcting signal so as to eliminate said deviation. To permit said desired-value data to be determined by an automatic operation, the final control element is consecutively moved to two reference positions, which are defined by stops and are disposed at or beyond the ends of the control range of the final control element. The actual-position signals associated with said two reference positions are delivered to said computer as reference position signals, which in said computer are combined with those correcting signals which as reference correcting signals are associated with said two reference positions so as to generate a linear desired-position function in which said desired-position data are related to said correcting signals. After each movement of the final control element to a position within the control range, the computer is operated to detect any deviation between the actual-position signal and that of said desired-position data which in accordance with said function is associated with the last correcting signal.
摘要翻译： 在用于移动最终控制元件的自动控制方法中，位置传感器将表示最终控制元件的实际位置的实际位置信号传送到计算机，其中所述实际位置信号与存储的与校正信号相关联的期望位置数据进行比较 用于控制用于移动最终控制元件的致动器。 根据在所述实际位置信号和期望值数据之间检测到的任何偏差，计算机校正校正信号以消除所述偏差。 为了允许通过自动操作确定所述期望值数据，最终控制元件被连续地移动到由停止限定的两个参考位置，并且被设置在最终控制元件的控制范围的末端。 与所述两个参考位置相关联的实际位置信号作为参考位置信号被传送到所述计算机，所述参考位置信号在所述计算机中与作为参考校正信号与所述两个参考位置相关联的那些校正信号组合，以便产生线性期望 位置函数，其中所述期望位置数据与所述校正信号相关。 在最终控制元件的每次移动到控制范围内的位置之前，操作计算机以检测实际位置信号与所述期望位置数据之间的任何偏差，根据所述功能与最后校正相关联 信号。
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公开(公告)号：US06257507B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09582807
申请日：2000-08-29
申请人： Josef Morell , Harald Schmidt , Anton Dolenc
发明人： Josef Morell , Harald Schmidt , Anton Dolenc
IPC分类号： F02M5900
CPC分类号： F02M61/10 , F02M57/021 , F02M57/024
摘要： A unit fuel injector of the type with an open injector comprises an injector body (1) with an axial space (4), which ends in an injector cap (3), an injection plunger (15) guided in the axial space and serving as a closing-off element, which injection plunger forms in the axial space a pressure space (23) from which the injection bores (60, 61) of an upper row (60) and a lower row (61) extend. To allow the injector cross section to be adapted to all operating states, the injection plunger (15) has an axial bore (30), in which a coaxial plunger needle (31) is guided in the longitudinal direction of the injector, the needle part (32) of which needle interacts with a seat (62) formed by the interior of the injector cap (3) and arranged beneath the upper row of injection bores (60), and above the plunger part (32) of the plunger needle (31) there is provided a compression spring (35) acting on it in a downward direction, and the plunger needle forms beneath its plunger part (32) in the axial bore (30) a control chamber (50), which can be fed by a control medium which raises the plunger needle (31) against the force of the compression spring (35) with respect to the injection plunger (15).
摘要翻译： 具有打开喷射器的类型的单元燃料喷射器包括具有轴向空间（4）的喷射器主体（1），其在喷射器盖（3）中终止，注射柱塞（15）在轴向空间中被引导并且用作 关闭元件，其中所述注射柱塞在所述轴向空间中形成压力空间（23），上排（60）和下排（61）的喷射孔（60,61）从该空间延伸。 为了使注射器横截面适应于所有操作状态，注射柱塞（15）具有轴向孔（30），其中同轴柱塞针（31）在喷射器的纵向被引导，针部分 （32），其针与由喷射器盖（3）的内部形成的座（62）相互作用并且布置在上排注射孔（60）的下方，并且位于柱塞针的柱塞部分（32）的上方 如图31所示，设置有沿向下方向作用在其上的压缩弹簧（35），并且柱塞针在轴向孔（30）中的柱塞部分（32）下方形成控制室（50），该控制室可以由 控制介质克服压缩弹簧（35）相对于注射柱塞（15）的力而升高柱塞针（31）。
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公开(公告)号：US5242118A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-07
申请号：US906104
申请日：1992-06-26
申请人： Harald Schmidt , Theodor Kauba , Josef Morell
发明人： Harald Schmidt , Theodor Kauba , Josef Morell
CPC分类号： F02M61/1846 , F02M45/083
摘要： A fuel injector for internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle body, having at one end a hollow nozzle tip and a pintle which is axially movable in the nozzle body. The inside surface of the hollow nozzle tip constitutes a conical valve seat which cooperates with a conical valve surface of the pintle to form a valve that is spring-urged closed. The nozzle tip is formed with at least one discharge bore along its inside surface. The inside surface of the nozzle tip terminates in a first sharp edge leading into a blind bore. The conical valve surface of the pintle is terminated adjacent to the blind bore by a second sharp edge. To improve the atomization of fuel delivered by the fuel injector, the distance from the center of an entrance opening of the discharge bore to the nearer of the first and second sharp edges is not in excess of one and one-half times the diameter of the entrance opening, while the distance to the other sharp edge is equal to or greater than one and one-half times the diameter of the entrance opening. If two or more discharge bores are provided, the distance between the centers of the entrance openings, measured along the surface of the valve seat, is not in excess of three and one-half times the diameter of the entrance opening. In a preferred embodiment, movement of the pintle is opposed by two springs acting in series, so that the pintle is moved away from the nozzle tip in two lifting phases.
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射器包括一个喷嘴体，其一端具有中空的喷嘴头和一个可在喷嘴体中轴向移动的枢轴。 中空喷嘴尖端的内表面构成锥形阀座，其与枢栓的锥形阀表面配合形成一个被弹簧推动关闭的阀。 喷嘴尖端沿其内表面形成有至少一个排出孔。 喷嘴尖端的内表面终止于通向盲孔的第一锋利边缘。 枢轴的锥形阀表面通过第二锋利边缘邻近盲孔终止。 为了改善由燃料喷射器输送的燃料的雾化，从排出孔的入口开口的中心到第一和第二锋利边缘的距离越远，不超过第一和第二锋利边缘的直径的一倍的距离 入口开口，而与其他锋利边缘的距离等于或大于入口开口直径的一倍半。 如果设置两个或更多个排气孔，则沿着阀座的表面测量的入口的中心之间的距离不超过入口直径的三分之一倍。 在一个优选实施例中，枢轴的运动由两个串联的弹簧相对，使得枢轴在两个提升阶段中从喷嘴尖端移开。
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公开(公告)号：US4627570A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-09
申请号：US577133
申请日：1984-02-06
申请人： Josef Morell , Harald Schmidt
发明人： Josef Morell , Harald Schmidt
CPC分类号： F02M57/02 , F02M59/265 , C01B2203/1076 , F02B3/06
摘要： In a combination which includes a fuel injection unit and a cylinder of a diesel engine provided with a cover, and formed with a fuel bore communicating with a suction chamber, a piston is reciprocally moving within the cylinder, and is provided with a slanted front and rear control edge for regulating the quantity of fuel. The cylinder and piston define piston- and cylinder-surfaces separated from each other by a very small clearance, and are movable relative to each other; an injection nozzle includes a spring-loaded needle, a common casing houses the piston and the cylinder, a securing flange is disposed between the fuel bore and an end of the cylinder facing the cover, a tensioning device stresses the securing flange against the cover, and the piston, during its stroke, passes over the fuel bore. The improvement includes a cylindrically offset recess formed within a region of the securing flange on the cylinder surface, and the front control edge of the piston is formed with a first step-like recess with respect to the piston-surface. Consequently any undesired pressure peaks are avoided within the cylinder, when the piston passes over the fuel bore, while the clearance is substantially maintained between the piston surface and the cylinder surface during the stroke of the piston.
摘要翻译： 在包括燃料喷射单元和设置有盖的柴油发动机的气缸的组合中，形成有与吸入室连通的燃料孔，活塞在气缸内往复运动，并且设置有倾斜的前部和 后控制边缘用于调节燃油量。 气缸和活塞限定活塞和气缸表面彼此隔开非常小的间隙，并且可相对于彼此移动; 注射喷嘴包括弹簧加载的针，公共壳体容纳活塞和气缸，固定凸缘设置在燃料孔和面向盖的气缸的端部之间，张紧装置将固定凸缘应力抵靠盖， 活塞在其行程中通过燃料孔。 该改进包括形成在气缸表面上的固定凸缘的区域内的圆柱形偏移凹部，并且活塞的前控制边缘形成有相对于活塞表面的第一阶梯状凹部。 因此，当活塞通过燃料孔时，缸内的任何不希望的压力峰值被避免，同时在活塞行程期间间隙基本保持在活塞表面和气缸表面之间。
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