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公开(公告)号：US4652404A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US676716
申请日：1984-11-30
申请人： Heinz Mallek , Egon Zange , Wolfgang Schlenter , Karl Trumper , Siegfried Meininger , Dietmar Bege
发明人： Heinz Mallek , Egon Zange , Wolfgang Schlenter , Karl Trumper , Siegfried Meininger , Dietmar Bege
CPC分类号： G21F9/304
摘要： A process for the conditioning of contaminated waste through cementing. Dry waste is cemented, especially waste which is recovered as ashes subsequent to the combustion of burnable waste, or as a dry residue during the treatment of sludge. In the process there is added to the dry waste a cement component not less than about 50% by weight of the weight of the waste, wherein subsequent to the admixing of the waste with the cement, there is mixed in water to the cement in a slightly excess stoichiometric ratio of effecting the setting, and the mixture is compacted under pressure and then encased.
摘要翻译： 通过固井处理污染废物的过程。 特别是在可燃废物燃烧之后作为灰烬回收的废物，或在污泥处理过程中作为干燥残渣而被干燥的废物固化。 在该方法中，向干燥废物中添加不少于废物重量的约50重量％的水泥组分，其中在将废物与水泥混合之后，在水中混合到水泥中 稍微超过化学计量比进行凝固，混合物在压力下压实然后被包裹。
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公开(公告)号：US4156393A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-29
申请号：US816887
申请日：1977-07-18
申请人： Heinz Mallek , Dieter Kuhnert , Friedrich Scholz
发明人： Heinz Mallek , Dieter Kuhnert , Friedrich Scholz
CPC分类号： F23G5/027 , G21F9/14 , G21F9/32 , F23G2209/18
摘要： Sluice gate members mounted for swinging movement about a shaft offset from the center of a furnace and arranged to be moved both gradually and discontinuously are interposed between an upper pyrolysis and precombustion chamber and a lower afterburning chamber. The movement of these sluice gate members causes particles of the fire bed supported on them to drop down into the afterburning chamber, largely in the form of embers, at about the same rate as additional waste material is added to the fire bed, so as to maintain a fire bed of approximately constant size. The sluice gate members are hollow and secondary air is blown into them near the shafts on which they are mounted and flows out through holes on their bottom surfaces and in their facing tip edges and then proceeds downward to contribute to the afterburning process.
摘要翻译： 安装用于围绕从炉中心偏移并布置成逐渐和不连续地移动的轴的闸门构件插入在上部热解和预燃室和下燃烧室之间。 这些闸门构件的移动使得支撑在其上的防火床的颗粒大体上以余烬的形式下落到后燃烧室中，其速度与添加到火床中的附加废料大致相同，以便 保持大致恒定的消防床。 闸门构件是中空的，二次空气在它们安装的轴附近被吹入其中，并且通过它们的底表面上的孔和它们的相对的尖端边缘流出，然后向下移动以有助于再燃烧过程。
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公开(公告)号：US5401166A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US115134
申请日：1993-09-01
申请人： Heinz Mallek , Winfried Brunner , Wolfgang Schmidt
发明人： Heinz Mallek , Winfried Brunner , Wolfgang Schmidt
CPC分类号： F23G5/24 , F23G5/027 , F23G2201/40
摘要： A method and a combustion furnace are provided by means of which waste which is predominantly of organic nature can be burnt effectively and uniformly. The combustion furnace comprises two bottlenecks, one above the other, constituted by rocking grates. The upper rocking grate essentially serves to subject the solids to pre-combustion, namely to drying, degasifying, and partial gasifying, and to supply the material uniformly in doses to the fire bed which is located on the lower grate and in which complete gasification takes place. Rotational movements of both grates provide for uniform passage of the material through the shaft without the risk of burn-through occurring along the edges so that the entire combustion process becomes highly uniform.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和燃烧炉，通过这种方法和燃烧炉，主要是有机性质的废物可以被有效和均匀地燃烧。 燃烧炉由摇摆格栅构成，包括两个瓶颈。 上部摇摆格栅基本上用于使固体经受预燃烧，即干燥，脱气和部分气化，并且将材料均匀地供给到位于下部格栅上的消防层并且完全气化所需的材料 地点。 两个格栅的旋转运动提供材料通过轴的均匀通过，而不会沿着边缘发生燃烧的危险，使得整个燃烧过程变得高度均匀。
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公开(公告)号：US4055125A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-25
申请号：US679912
申请日：1976-04-26
申请人： Heinz Mallek
发明人： Heinz Mallek
IPC分类号： F23J3/04 , B01D46/00 , B01D46/10 , B01D46/24 , B01D50/00 , C01B3/16 , F23G5/16 , F23J15/02 , F23G5/00 , F23J3/00
CPC分类号： B01D46/2407 , B01D46/10 , B01D50/002 , F23J15/025 , B01D2265/06 , F23J2217/104
摘要： An incinerator, especially for burning waste material with a device for pfying flue gases derived from a combustion chamber for burning the waste material. In the combustion chamber or adjacent thereto, discharge openings of conduit means are provided for conveying fresh air thereto. The device for purifying the flue gases comprises a filter of high heat-resistant material which is interposed between the combustion chamber and a flue.
摘要翻译： 一种焚烧炉，特别是用于燃烧废料的装置，用于净化源自燃烧室的烟道气用于燃烧废料的装置。 在燃烧室或与其相邻的位置处，提供导管装置的排出口用于将新鲜空气输送到其上。 用于净化烟道气的装置包括介于燃烧室和烟道之间的高耐热材料的过滤器。
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公开(公告)号：US4048927A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-20
申请号：US612475
申请日：1975-09-11
CPC分类号： E02F3/32 , E02F3/30 , F23G5/165 , F23G2900/50002 , F23J2217/104
摘要： A plant for burning waste which has a main combustion chamber to be chargedith the waste to be burnt and with fresh gases for burning the waste. From this main combustion chamber the burnt material and unburnt residual material including gases pass through a grate into a post-combustion chamber, the bottom of which is adapted to be closed, and which has lateral outlets for the waste gas. The post-combustion chamber which has a volume at least equalling the volume of the main combustion chamber has a wall structure extending from above into said post-combustion chamber for guiding gases passing through the grate toward the bottom of the post-combustion chamber. This wall structure is open at its lower end and is of highly heat resistant material as e.g. steel. The post-combustion chamber has a waste gas outlet through which the waste gas from the post-combustion chamber is discharged after it has, prior thereto, been purified by passing through filters between an outer wall and inner wall of the post-combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 用于燃烧废物的设备，其具有主要燃烧室以装载待燃烧的废物和用于燃烧废物的新鲜气体。 包括气体在内的燃烧材料和未燃烧的残余材料从该主燃烧室通过炉排进入后燃烧室，后燃烧室的底部适于封闭，并具有用于废气的侧向出口。 具有至少等于主燃烧室的体积的体积的后燃烧室具有从上方延伸到所述后燃烧室中的壁结构，用于引导通过炉排的气体朝向后燃烧室的底部。 该壁结构在其下端是开放的，并且是高耐热材料，例如， 钢。 后燃烧室具有废气出口，来自后燃烧室的废气在其之后被排出，在其之前通过在后燃烧室的外壁和内壁之间通过过滤器而被净化。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4561363A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US596678
申请日：1984-04-04
申请人： Heinz Mallek
发明人： Heinz Mallek
CPC分类号： F23G5/027
摘要： Combustible gases produced by pyrolysis of combustible material undergo partial combustion in a combustion chamber to which air is admitted in substoichiometric quantity ratio, at a temperature of about 800.degree. C. A gas duct leading out of the combustion chamber and passing partly or all the way across the combustion chamber with one or more openings for entrance of the combustible gas is supplied with additional air in at least stoichiometric quantity ratio, with the result that complete combustion of the combustible gas takes place within the duct as the gases pass out of the combustion chamber, at a temperature of about 1100.degree. C., producing a flame jet that can be used to heat an adjacent boiler, heat exchanger, or the like.
摘要翻译： 在可燃物质的热解产生的可燃气体在燃烧室内部分燃烧，空气在化学计量比范围内以约800℃的温度进入。燃烧室的气体管道通过部分或全部通过 在具有用于引入可燃气体的一个或多个开口的燃烧室中，以至少化学计量的比例向其供应额外的空气，结果是当气体从燃烧中流出时，可燃气体的完全燃烧发生在管道内 在约1100℃的温度下，产生可用于加热相邻的锅炉，热交换器等的火焰喷射。
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公开(公告)号：US4194455A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-25
申请号：US930515
申请日：1978-08-03
申请人： Heinz Mallek , Dorothee Ermisch , Werner Jablonski
发明人： Heinz Mallek , Dorothee Ermisch , Werner Jablonski
摘要： A method of and furnace for burning waste material. The furnace has a cenl chute for receiving the waste material, and a combustion chamber which is arranged below the chute and has a closed bottom. The transition between the central chute and the combustion chamber is designed as a constriction. The waste material is accumulated above the constriction, where it is dried and degasified up to the point of combustion by being heated up under the exclusion of air in the central chute. Heated up fresh air is supplied ahead of the constriction at below stoichiometric ratio to the heated up waste material and to the exhaust gases formed during the heating up of the waste material. The exhaust gases are withdrawn downwardly through the constriction, and further fresh air is supplied to the exhaust gases and to the degasified waste material for their common combustion at the constriction, so that essentially only ashes pass downwardly into the combustion chamber through the constriction. Fresh air supply lines discharge at the constriction and in the lower portion of the chute above the constriction. A portion of the combustible gases resulting during the degasification and the destructive distillation of the waste material are removed at the constriction. The flue gases formed in the combustion chamber are guided to a flue through discharge openings in the exhaust chamber of the combustion chamber. The exhaust chamber is designed in such a way that it surrounds the central chute. A device is provided in this chute for storing the waste material. Conduits, which extend into the chute from outside and are connectable to a suction device, discharge at the constriction.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃烧废料的方法和炉。 炉具有用于接收废料的中央滑槽，以及布置在滑槽下方并具有封闭底部的燃烧室。 中央滑槽和燃烧室之间的过渡被设计为收缩。 废料积聚在收缩部以上，在中央槽内除去空气之前将其干燥并脱气至燃烧点。 加热新鲜空气在低于化学计量比的收缩之前被供应到加热的废物和在废物加热期间形成的废气。 废气通过收缩部向下抽出，并且进一步的新鲜空气被供应到废气和脱气的废料以在其收缩处共同燃烧，使得基本上只有灰烬通过收缩部向下通入燃烧室。 新鲜空气供应管线在收缩部处的狭窄部分和下部的狭窄部分排出。 在收缩期间去除在脱气期间产生的一部分可燃气体和废料的破坏性蒸馏。 燃烧室中形成的烟气通过燃烧室排气室中的排放口被引导到烟道。 排气室设计成使其围绕中央滑槽。 在该滑槽中设置有用于存储废料的装置。 从外部延伸到滑槽中并且可连接到抽吸装置的管道在收缩处排出。
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公开(公告)号：US4184437A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-22
申请号：US930516
申请日：1978-08-03
申请人： Heinz Mallek , Werner Jablonski
发明人： Heinz Mallek , Werner Jablonski
摘要： A furnace for waste material. The furnace has a central chute for receivinghe waste material, and a combustion chamber which is arranged below the chute and has a closed bottom. The transition between the central chute and the combustion chamber is designed as a constriction in such a way that the waste material remains above the constriction in the central chute for drying and degasification up to the point of combustion. Essentially, only ashes pass through the constriction downwardly into the combustion chamber. The gases which are withdrawn downwardly out of the chute are also guided through the constriction into the combustion chamber. Fresh air supply lines discharge at the constriction and in the lower portion of the chute above the constriction. The flue gases formed in the combustion chamber are guided to a flue through discharge openings in the exhaust chamber of the combustion chamber. The exhaust chamber is designed in such a way that it surrounds the central chute. A device is provided in the chute for stirring the waste material. A guide arrangement is provided below the transition area between the central chute and the combustion chamber. Starting from this transition area, the guide arrangement is formed as an intermediate wall in such a way that the combustion chamber is divided into an inwardly lying step-down flow portion, and an outwardly lying chamber which at the same time forms the lower portion of the exhaust chamber. Further fresh air supply lines discharge in the region of the lower portion of the exhaust chamber.
摘要翻译： 废料炉。 炉具有用于接收废料的中央滑槽，以及布置在滑槽下方并具有封闭底部的燃烧室。 中心滑槽和燃烧室之间的过渡被设计为收缩，使得废料保持在中央滑槽的收缩部上方，用于干燥和脱气直至燃烧点。 基本上，只有灰烬向下通过收缩部分进入燃烧室。 从滑槽向下抽出的气体也被引导通过收缩部分进入燃烧室。 新鲜空气供应管线在收缩部处的狭窄部分和下部的狭窄部分排出。 燃烧室中形成的烟气通过燃烧室排气室中的排放口被引导到烟道。 排气室设计成使其围绕中央滑槽。 在滑槽中设置有用于搅拌废料的装置。 在中间滑槽和燃烧室之间的过渡区域的下方设置有引导装置。 从该过渡区域开始，引导装置形成为中间壁，使得燃烧室被分成向内的降压流动部分和向外的卧室，同时形成下部 排气室。 另外的新鲜空气供应管线在排气室的下部区域中排出。
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公开(公告)号：US5010828A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US556824
申请日：1990-07-23
申请人： Heinz Mallek
发明人： Heinz Mallek
CPC分类号： F23B90/06 , C10J3/22 , C10J3/26 , C10J3/40 , C10J3/721 , F23G5/027 , F23J1/00 , F23L1/00 , F23L9/00 , C10J2300/0959 , F23G2201/40
摘要： A gasification shaft in the reactor collects a loose heap of solid waste matter on a support at the bottom of the shaft in the form of a triangular hollow prism having longitudinal edges leaving gaps between it and the walls of the shaft. The support can be swung about its axis to open the gaps wider and shake the solid material. Oxygen containing gas is supplied at the top of the shaft and supports partial combustion of the solid material. Gas and partly burned solid material pass down through the variable gaps into a combination chamber below the shaft into which more oxygen containing gas is fed both from above through the prismatic support and from below through an ash chamber at the bottom of the combustion chamber after passing through lower gaps between an emptying device of triangular prism shape, below which is an ash removal chamber. The additional oxygen supplied from below into the combustion chamber assures the complete combustion of the solid material so that treatment of the ash outside of the reactor becomes unnecessary.
摘要翻译： 反应器中的气化轴在轴的底部的支撑件上收集松散的固体废物堆，其形式为三角形中空棱柱，其具有纵向边缘，在其与轴的壁之间留有间隙。 支撑件可绕其轴线摆动，以更宽地打开间隙并摇动固体材料。 含氧气体在轴的顶部供应，并支持固体材料的部分燃烧。 气体和部分燃烧的固体材料向下通过可变间隙进入轴下方的组合室，在该组合室中，更多的含氧气体从上方通过棱柱形支撑件从下方通过燃烧室底部的灰室，经过 通过三角形棱镜形状的排空装置之间的较低的间隙，在其之下，除灰室。 从下方向燃烧室供应的附加氧确保了固体材料的完全燃烧，使得不需要在反应器外部处理灰分。
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公开(公告)号：US4544374A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-01
申请号：US540902
申请日：1983-10-11
申请人： Heinz Mallek , Manfred Laser , Dorothee Ermisch
发明人： Heinz Mallek , Manfred Laser , Dorothee Ermisch
CPC分类号： C10B53/00 , C10J3/26 , C10J3/30 , C10J3/66 , F23G5/027 , F23G5/14 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0976 , F23G2201/40
摘要： Separation of the apparatus for drying and degassing organic waste from the shaft furnace containing a gasification chamber and a combustion chamber increases the through-put capability of the shaft furnace gasification. The gasification is promoted by the addition, in the same direction of flow as the partly carbonized waste material, of a gas such as air, steam, carbon dioxide or oxygen adjusted in accordance with the changes in composition of the material that is gasified. The drying and degassing chamber is a rotary drum feeding the dried and degassed material into the top of the shaft furnace. An intermediate chamber may be imposed between the rotary drum and the shaft furnace at the top of the shaft furnace so that a sieve can separate incombustible material such as metal parts for withdrawal through a gas-tight sluice. A narrow gap, either a straight gap between moveable members or an annular gap defined by a rotary plug, provides the communication between the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber below. Material is held above the gap for completion of gasification and the actual combustion with additional air supply takes place in the combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 用于从含有气化室和燃烧室的竖炉中分离用于干燥和脱气有机废物的装置增加了竖炉气化的通过能力。 通过根据气化的材料的组成变化，按照与部分碳化废料相同的流动方向，添加气体如空气，蒸汽，二氧化碳或氧气来调节气化，促进气化。 干燥和脱气室是将干燥和脱气的材料进料到竖炉的顶部的旋转滚筒。 可以在竖炉的顶部的旋转鼓和竖炉之间施加中间室，使得筛子可以分离不可燃材料，例如金属部件，以通过气密闸门排出。 狭窄的间隙，可移动构件之间的直线间隙或由旋转塞限定的环形间隙，提供气化室和下方的燃烧室之间的连通。 材料被保持在间隙上方以完成气化，并且在燃烧室中进行附加空气供应的实际燃烧。
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