摘要:
Polypyrroles are prepared by electrochemical polymerization, in particular anodic oxidation, of pyrrole alone or together with comonomers, in an aqueous electrolyte solvent which consists of not less than 50% by weight of water, in the presence of aromatic sulfonic acids and/or their salts as conductive salts. The process gives polypyrrole films which have good mechanical properties and high electrical conductivities.
摘要:
Finely divided electrically conductive pyrrole polymers are prepared by a process in which the pyrroles, in solution and in the presence of a conductive salt, are treated with an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent. The finely divided conductive pyrrole polymers can be used for the production of moldings.
摘要:
Air-stable, electrically conductive systems having conductivities greater than 1.times.10.sup.-3 .OMEGA..sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 are prepared by reacting a metal cation of an element of sub-group VII, VIII or I of the periodic table with a 1,9-substituted phenalene of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where X is O, NH, S, Se or Te and Y is OH, NH.sub.2 or SH, to give a metal chelate, and oxidizing this metal chelate by means of an organic electron acceptor. The electrically conductive systems can be used in the electrical industry for the production of solar cells and for converting and fixing radiation, for producing electric and magnetic switches and electrochemical stores, and for the antistatic treatment of plastics.
摘要:
Electrically conductive polymeric systems having electrical conductivities greater than 10.sup.-4 S/cm are prepared by a method wherein a polyarylene compound which contains one or more chain members of the formula ##STR1## where n is greater than 1, preferably from 5 to 50, R is a nitrile, acid amide, carboxyl or ester group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or a nitrile, acid amide, carboxyl or ester group, with the proviso that in each case one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen and the other is a nitrile, acid amide, carboxyl or ester group, and Y is an aromatic radical, preferably phenylene, is doped, in the absence of moisture and oxygen, with from 0.03 to 0.9 mole percent of an electron-attracting or electron-donating complexing agent. The resulting electrically conductive polymeric systems are useful in the electrical industry for the production of solar cells, for converting and fixing electromagnetic radiation and for the production of electrical and magnetic switches and electrical storage devices, and can be used for the antistatic treatment of plastics.
摘要:
In batteries or electrochemical stores, in particular secondary cells, the active material of the cathode and/or the anode consists of one or more electrically conductive polymers which have an electrical conductivity greater than 10.sup.-2 Ohm.sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 and contain electrochemically oxidizable and/or reducible redox groups which have a defined structure and are capable of forming two or more stable oxidation states which preferably are reversibly interconvertible.
摘要:
Polypyrrole films are produced by electrochemical polymerization of a pyrrole, or a mixture of a pyrrole with other comonomers, in an electrolyte solvent in the presence of a conductive salt, by a continuous process wherein the pyrrole polymer is deposited in the form of a film on anodic material which has a sheet-like structure and is passed continuously through the electrolyte solution.As shown in FIG. 1, this procedure can be carried out in an electrolysis vessel (1) which contains the electrolyte solution (2), a cathode (3) which dips into this solution, and, as the anode, a rotating cylindrical roller (4) which is partially or completely immersed in the electrolyte solution (2); the polypyrrole film (6) is deposited on the anodic surface (5) of the cylindrical roller (4), and is subsequently removed therefrom.
摘要:
Highly electrically conductive copolymers of pyrroles and other heterocyclic compounds having a conjugated .pi.-electron system, which possess good mechanical properties coupled with a well-balanced spectrum of properties, are prepared by anodic polymerization of the pyrroles and other heterocyclic compounds and/or their dimers or oligomers in a polar solvent in the presence of a suitable conductive salt.
摘要:
The use of a thermoplastic molding composition differing from ABS and comprising, based on a total of 100% by weight of amounts of components A and B, and, if desired, C and/or D, a: as component A, from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 15 to 60% by weight, in particular from 25 to 50% by weight, of a particulate emulsion polymer with a glass transition temperature of below 0° C. and with a median particle size of from 50 to 1000 nm, preferably from 50 to 500 nm b: as component B, from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 40 to 85% by weight, in particular from 50 to 75% by weight, of at least one amorphous or partly crystalline polymer, c: as component C, from 0 to 50% by weight of polycarbonates, and d: as component D, from 0 to 50% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures of these for producing sheet-like wall elements and fastening parts therefor.
摘要:
The use of a thermoplastic molding composition differing from ABS and comprising, based on a total of 100% by weight of amounts of components A and B, and, if desired, C and/or D,a: as component A, from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 15 to 60% by weight, in particular from 25 to 50% by weight, of a particulate emulsion polymer with a glass transition temperature of below 0.degree. C. and with a median particle size of from 50 to 1000 nm, preferably from 50 to 500 nm,b: as component B, from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 40 to 85% by weight, in particular from 50 to 75% by weight, of at least one amorphous or partly crystalline polymer,c: as component C, from 0 to 50% by weight of polycarbonates, andd: as component D, from 0 to 50% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures of thesefor producing covering grid plates for ventilator openings.
摘要:
Polyanils of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkoxy, Cl, Br, CF.sub.3 or NO.sub.2,R.sup.2 is para-phenylene, a fused aromatic ring system of 10 to 30 carbon atoms or ##STR2## R.sup.3 is a chemical bond, S, O, NH, CH.sub.2, CH.dbd.CH, CO, SO or SS andn is an integer from 5 to 100,and their acid addition salts of the general formula II ##STR3## where X.sup.- is ClO.sub.4.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup.-, AsF.sub.6.sup.- or ##STR4## and R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 --C.sub.8 -alkyl are disclosed. The polyanils are useful as electrically conductive materials and for nonlinear optical purposes.