公开(公告)号：US06678294B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

申请号：US09707219

申请日：2000-11-06

申请人： Hiroshi Komine ,  Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Michael G. Wickham

发明人： Hiroshi Komine ,  Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Michael G. Wickham

IPC分类号： H01S313

CPC分类号： H01S3/2383 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/1307 ,  H01S5/0622 ,  H01S2301/03

摘要： A seed laser apparatus is disclosed. It comprises a distributed feedback laser system for transmitting a dithered optical signal having a frequency versus time characteristic that is represented by a triangular waveform and an optical medium including a plurality of optical signal paths, each path including an optical fiber and a fiber amplifier. The optical medium is characterized by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) having a response time, whereby the period of the triangular waveform is equal to the round-trip transit time in the fiber or shorter than the response time of the SBS.

摘要翻译： 公开了种子激光装置。 它包括分布反馈激光系统，用于发送具有由三角波形表示的频率对时间特性的抖动光信号和包括多个光信号路径的光学介质，每个路径包括光纤和光纤放大器。 光学介质的特征在于具有响应时间的受激布里渊散射（SBS），由此三角波形的周期等于光纤中的往返传播时间或短于SBS的响应时间。

公开(公告)号：US07283702B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

申请号：US11227898

申请日：2005-09-15

申请人： Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Michael G. Wickham ,  Hiroshi Komine

发明人： Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Michael G. Wickham ,  Hiroshi Komine

IPC分类号： G02B6/32 ,  G02B3/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/4296 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/425 ,  G02B27/58

摘要： Encircled far field energy is substantially increased by modifying the near field energy distribution of radiation from each fiber in an emitting array. Each beamlet output from a fiber is modified to have a generally uniform cross-sectional energy distribution, using a pair of aspheric optical elements selected for that purpose. The optical elements may be refractive or reflective. The modified beamlets combine to form a composite output beam with a generally uniform energy distribution. Preferably, the composite beam is subject to an array-wide inverse transformation to a near-Gaussian distribution, further enhancing the encircled far field energy and providing a more efficient high power laser source. Further gains in efficiency are achieved by selecting a fiber bundle pattern, lens array pattern and lens shape that together result in a high fill factor.

摘要翻译： 通过改变来自发射阵列中每个光纤的辐射的近场能量分布，可以显着增加包围的远场能量。 使用为此目的选择的一对非球面光学元件，将从光纤输出的每个子束修改为具有大致均匀的横截面能量分布。 光学元件可以是折射的或反射的。 经修改的小束组合形成具有大致均匀能量分布的复合输出光束。 优选地，复合波束受到阵列宽的逆变换为近似高斯分布，进一步增强了包围的远场能量并提供了更有效的高功率激光源。 通过选择一起导致高填充因子的纤维束图案，透镜阵列图案和透镜形状来实现效率的进一步提高。

公开(公告)号：US06301421B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-09

申请号：US09318554

申请日：1999-05-27

申请人： Michael G. Wickham ,  Gerald W. Holleman ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： Michael G. Wickham ,  Gerald W. Holleman ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： H01S3067

CPC分类号： G02B6/02338 ,  G02B6/02333 ,  G02B6/02347 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0672 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/1603

摘要： A photonic crystal fiber (10, 110) is provided for a laser/amplifier system including a guiding structure comprising a geometric array of axial passages (20, 120) formed along the length of the fiber (10, 110). More particularly, the guiding structure includes a central silica rod (14, 114) which is doped with a rare earth element for providing optical gain to the laser/amplifier. A plurality of second silica rods (16, 116) are disposed circumferentially about the central rod (14, 114). Each of the second rods (16, 116) includes an axial passage (20, 120) formed therethrough along the length of the fiber (10, 110). A reflective coating (22, 122) is deposited on an outboard surface of the array of rods (12, 112) to confine pumped light (30, 130) therein. The pumped light (30, 130) may be injected into the fiber (10, 110) from the side by focusing it through small holes (24) in the reflective coating (22) or by reflecting it off transverse Bragg gratings (56) written into a fiber pigtail (50) coupled to the fiber (110). The mode field diameter of the fiber (10, 110) is controlled by properly selecting the diameter and spacing of the passages (20, 120) in the second rods (16, 116).

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于激光/放大器系统的光子晶体光纤（10,110），其包括导引结构，所述引导结构包括沿着光纤（10,110）的长度形成的轴向通道（20,120）的几何阵列。 更具体地，引导结构包括掺杂有用于向激光器/放大器提供光学增益的稀土元素的中心石英棒（14,114）。 多个第二硅石棒（16,116）围绕中心杆（14,114）周向设置。 每个第二杆（16,116）包括沿纤维（10,110）的长度穿过其形成的轴向通道（20,120）。 反射涂层（22,122）沉积在棒阵列（12,112）的外侧表面上，以将泵浦光（30,130）限制在其中。 泵浦光（30,130）可以从侧面通过将其聚焦在反射涂层（22）中的小孔（24）中或通过将其写入横向布拉格光栅（56）而从侧面注入到光纤（10,110）中 耦合到光纤（110）的光纤引线（50）。 通过适当地选择第二杆（16,116）中的通道（20,120）的直径和间距来控制纤维（10,110）的模场直径。

公开(公告)号：US07155091B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-26

申请号：US11063705

申请日：2005-02-22

申请人： James M. Zamel ,  Michael G. Wickham ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： James M. Zamel ,  Michael G. Wickham ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： G02B6/04 ,  F28F7/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/4296

摘要： An array of cylindrical end-caps with separate or integral lenses is stacked with its members in close contact, forming inter-cylinder gaps between every subset of three adjacent cylindrical lenses. Conductive fibers are disposed in the inter-cylinder gaps. Heat that would otherwise accumulate in the array is removed through the conductive fibers and transmitted to an external heat sink.

摘要翻译： 具有单独或整体透镜的圆柱形端盖的阵列被堆叠，其构件紧密接触，在三个相邻柱面透镜的每个子组之间形成气缸间隙。 导电纤维设置在气缸间隙中。 否则将积聚在阵列中的热量通过导电纤维去除并传输到外部散热器。

公开(公告)号：US5610705A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-11

申请号：US389667

申请日：1995-02-16

申请人： Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Hiroshi Komine

发明人： Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Hiroshi Komine

IPC分类号： G01P3/36 ,  G01S7/499 ,  G01S17/58 ,  G01S17/89

CPC分类号： G01S17/89 ,  G01P3/36 ,  G01S17/58 ,  G01S7/499

摘要： A heterodyne velocimeter system includes an illumination laser that illuminates a moving object with a coherent, laser beam. The laser illumination is reflected from the object as separate wavefronts (referred to as the signal light) and is passed through a range-focus lens pair, a polarizer element and through a partially reflective, partially transmissive element onto a plurality of separate light sensitive elements of a sensor which are referred to as pixels. A second source of laser illumination, such as a second laser provides a reference light beam that is directed onto a local oscillator scatter mask. The light beam from the second laser is scattered into separate wavefronts by the scatter mask and they are focussed by a lens onto the partially reflective partially transmissive element which reflects them onto the separate pixels of the sensor where they are individually mixed with the separate signal light wavefronts from the object. Thus light reflected from the other points of the moving object are similarly directed as signal light onto the pixels of the sensor and mixed with corresponding reference light wavefronts from the scatter mask to provide a two-dimensional array of emission points from local oscillator scatter mask is imaged onto the sensor to serve as the local oscillator for the reflected wavefronts at each pixel.

摘要翻译： 外差式测速仪系统包括用相干激光束照射运动物体的照明激光器。 激光照射从对象反射为单独的波前（称为信号光），并且通过范围对焦透镜对，偏振元件和部分反射的部分透射元件穿过多个单独的光敏元件 被称为像素的传感器。 诸如第二激光器的第二激光照明源提供被引导到本地振荡器散射掩模上的参考光束。 来自第二激光器的光束通过散射掩模散射到单独的波前，并且它们被透镜聚焦到部分反射部分透射元件上，该元件将它们反射到传感器的分开的像素上，在这些单独的像素上它们与单独的信号光 来自对象的波浪。 因此，从运动物体的其他点反射的光被类似地作为信号光指向传感器的像素并与来自散射掩模的相应的参考光波前混合，以提供来自本地振荡器散射掩模的发射点的二维阵列 成像到传感器上以用作每个像素处的反射波前的本地振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US07099356B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-29

申请号：US10440600

申请日：2003-05-19

申请人： Hiroshi Komine ,  James G. Ho ,  Hagop Injeyan ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： Hiroshi Komine ,  James G. Ho ,  Hagop Injeyan ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： H01S3/098

CPC分类号： H01S3/10092

摘要： A method is provided for seeding laser system (10) for single longitudinal mode oscillation. The method includes coupling laser system (10) to be seeded for single mode output to a seed laser radiation source (12). Next, the frequency capture range (44) and spacing (46) of the axial modes (42) of the cavity (24) of the laser system (10) are determined. A seed spectrum (36) is then generated from the seed laser radiation source (12) with a bandwidth (40) corresponding to the axial mode spacing (46). The seed spectrum (36) includes a comb of discrete frequency components (38) with one or more of the discrete frequency components (38) being within the frequency capture range (44) of at least one of the axial modes (42). The seed spectrum (36) is then injected into the cavity (24) such that at least one of the axial modes (42) oscillates with the seed radiation.

摘要翻译： 提供一种用于种子激光系统（10）用于单纵模振荡的方法。 该方法包括将要种子化的激光系统（10）耦合到单模输出到种子激光辐射源（12）。 接下来，确定激光系统（10）的空腔（24）的轴向模式（42）的频率捕获范围（44）和间隔（46）。 然后从具有对应于轴向模式间隔（46）的带宽（40）从种子激光辐射源（12）产生种子谱（36）。 种子谱（36）包括离散频率分量（38）的梳齿，其中一个或多个离散频率分量（38）在至少一个轴向模式（42）的频率捕获范围（44）内。 然后将种子光谱（36）注入到空腔（24）中，使得轴向模式（42）中的至少一个与种子辐射振荡。

公开(公告)号：US4490823A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US472704

申请日：1983-03-07

申请人： Hiroshi Komine ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： Hiroshi Komine ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： H01S3/082 ,  H01S3/08

CPC分类号： H01S3/082

摘要： A laser system for producing a laser beam in an unstable resonator whose spatial and temporal characteristics conform with those of a laser beam from a stable resonator. The laser system includes three reflectors, an optical switch and a laser gain medium positioned within an optical propagation path extending between the optical switch and the third reflector. The optical switch selectably exposes either the first or the second reflector to the aforesaid propagation path, the first and second reflectors being designed to form, in combination with the third reflector, a stable and an unstable resonator, respectively. In operation, the optical switch initially is set so as to include the first reflector in the laser resonator, thereby forming a stable resonator which produces a beam of laser light. A short time thereafter, the optical switch changes states so as to substitute the second reflector for the first, thereby forming an unstable resonator. The light from the stable resonator serves as "seed radiation" for the unstable resonator, so that the unstable resonator produces a light beam having the same spatial and temporal characteristics as the light from the stable resonator. The system permits the use of a single laser gain medium for both resonators, and it overcomes the need for holes or other surface discontinuities in the resonator reflectors which can degrade the quality of the laser's output beam.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在不稳定谐振器中产生激光束的激光系统，其空间和时间特性符合来自稳定谐振器的激光束的时间特性。 激光系统包括三个反射器，光学开关和位于光学开关和第三反射器之间延伸的光学传播路径内的激光增益介质。 光学开关可选地将第一或第二反射器暴露于上述传播路径，第一和第二反射器被分别与第三反射器组合形成稳定和不稳定的谐振器。 在操作中，首先将光开关设置为在激光谐振器中包括第一反射器，从而形成产生激光束的稳定谐振器。 之后的很短时间内，光开关改变状态，以将第二反射器代替第一反射器，从而形成不稳定的谐振器。 来自稳定谐振器的光用作不稳定谐振器的“种子辐射”，使得不稳定谐振器产生具有与来自稳定谐振器的光相同的空间和时间特性的光束。 该系统允许对于两个谐振器使用单个激光增益介质，并且克服了谐振器反射器中的孔或其他表面不连续性的需要，这可能降低激光器的输出光束的质量。

公开(公告)号：US06512867B2

公开(公告)日：2003-01-28

申请号：US09725662

申请日：2000-11-29

申请人： Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： G02B626

CPC分类号： H01S3/02 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/094007 ,  H01S3/2383

摘要： A dual-clad fiber laser employs a multi-mode pump fiber array for introducing pump light into a dual-clad fiber array along the length of the array. Each fiber in the dual-clad fiber array includes a single mode core, a multi-mode inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer. Each fiber in the multi-mode fiber array includes a multimode core and an outer cladding layer. The inner cladding layer and the core are the same material and the outer cladding layers are the same material. The dual-clad fiber array is a fiber ribbon wound on a bobbin. The multi-mode pump fiber array is a fiber ribbon that is wrapped around the outside of the dual-clad fiber ribbon on the bobbin. A doped silica frit is placed between the fiber ribbons, where the dopant makes the frit have an index of refraction greater than the index of refraction of the outer layers.

公开(公告)号：US4689794A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-25

申请号：US695658

申请日：1985-01-28

申请人： Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/225 ,  H01S3/23 ,  H01S3/098

CPC分类号： H01S3/10092 ,  H01S3/225 ,  H01S3/08004 ,  H01S3/08009 ,  H01S3/2255

摘要： A method for injection locking a xenon chloride laser at 308.4 nm. Neon (Ne) is used as a diluent in the laser to shift slightly the gain profile of the laser towards the longer wavelengths and towards 308.4 nm. The laser is operated at a lower level of gain than is used in the prior art by using a lower level of electrical discharge than was used in the prior art. The lowered gain reduces the numerical magnitude of the difference in the gain of the laser at 308.4 nm and its gain at the highest gain modes of operation. Either a low level signal at 308.4 nm is injected into the laser to mode lock the lowered gain laser at 308.4 nm. or a frequency selection device such as etalons is inserted within the laser cavity to restrict operation to 308.4 nm. The period of the electrical discharge also is lengthened from that typically used in the prior art so as to obtain saturation of the output at 308.4 nm.

摘要翻译： 注射锁定氙氯化物激光器308.4nm的方法。 氖（Ne）被用作激光器中的稀释剂，以便将激光器的增益分布略微偏向更长的波长并朝向308.4nm。 通过使用比现有技术中使用的更低的放电水平，激光器以比现有技术中使用的更低的增益水平操作。 降低的增益降低了激光器在308.4nm处的增益差的数值幅度以及在最高增益操作模式下的增益。 将308.4nm的低电平信号注入到激光器中以在308.4nm处锁定降低的增益激光器。 或者将诸如标准具的频率选择装置插入激光腔内以将操作限制在308.4nm。 放电周期也从现有技术中通常使用的时间延长，以便在308.4nm处获得输出的饱和度。

公开(公告)号：US4360925A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-23

申请号：US124586

申请日：1980-02-25

申请人： Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Richard L. Herbst

发明人： Stephen J. Brosnan ,  Richard L. Herbst

IPC分类号： H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/11 ,  H01S3/115 ,  H01S3/081

CPC分类号： H01S3/08081 ,  H01S3/08036 ,  H01S3/0931 ,  H01S3/115

摘要： In a high power laser, such as one employing a relatively high gain lasing medium such as CO.sub.2 or Nd:YAG, the optical resonator for the laser comprises a positive branch unstable resonator. The output beam is coupled from the unstable resonator by means of a partially transmissive mirror of the resonator, whereby a filled-in beam is obtained while facilitating optical alignment of the output coupling means. In a preferred embodiment, the optical resonator comprises a pair of mirrors collinearly arranged on the optical axis of the resonator to supply an output beam which is collinear with the optical axis of the resonator. The filled-in output beam is of generally uniform power density across the transverse cross sectional dimensions thereof, whereby a near diffraction limited output beam is obtained with more uniform power density.

摘要翻译： 在诸如使用诸如CO 2或Nd：YAG的较高增益激光介质的大功率激光器中，用于激光器的光学谐振器包括正支路不稳定谐振器。 输出光束通过谐振器的部分透射镜从不稳定谐振器耦合，由此获得填充光束，同时便于输出耦合装置的光学对准。 在一个优选实施例中，光谐振器包括一对共同设置在谐振器的光轴上的反射镜，以提供与谐振器的光轴共线的输出光束。 填充的输出光束在其横截面尺寸上具有大致均匀的功率密度，由此获得具有更均匀功率密度的近衍射限制输出光束。