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公开(公告)号：US5872731A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-16
申请号：US948570
申请日：1997-10-10
CPC分类号： G11C11/56 , G11C11/44 , G11C2211/5644 , Y10S505/832
摘要： A multi-state Josephson memory in a superconductor integrated circuit includes a plurality of superconductive quantum interference device (SQUID) memory cells 2 each having a SQUID 4 characterized by a SQUID loop inductance L and a junction critical current I.sub.c, which determine the number of memory states that can be stored in the SQUID 4. A gate current I.sub.g is transmitted to the superconductive inductors 6 and 8 of the SQUID 4 to perform a read operation by crossing a designated number of current threshold boundaries corresponding to the memory state stored in the SQUID, so that the Josephson junction 12 of the SQUID 4 generates a number of pulses corresponding to the memory state. A control current I.sub.con writes data to the SQUID 4 through a control current input 16, and is preferably magnetically coupled to the SQUID 4 through superconductive inductor pairs 18, 6 and 20, 8. In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of SQUID memory cells 70a, 70b, . . . 70f are arranged in a plurality of columns and rows with column select inputs 72, 74 and row select inputs 76, 78 and 80. Digital-to-analog converters 86 and 88 are preferably provided to convert a binary digital input into the analog control current I.sub.con, the magnitude of which is designed to cross a number of current threshold boundaries corresponding to the digital input. A plurality of single flux quantum counters 112 and 114 are preferably connected to count the number of Josephson pulses from the SQUID memory cells 70a, 70b, . . . 70f to generate a count of the pulses as the memory output. In a preferred embodiment, the memory outputs from the single flux quantum counters 112 and 114 are fed back into the input digital-to-analog converters 86 and 88, respectively, to form a non-destructive readout.
摘要翻译： 超导体集成电路中的多状态约瑟夫森存储器包括多个超导量子干涉器件（SQUID）存储器单元2，每个超级量子干涉器件具有SQUID 4，其特征在于SQUID环路电感L和结临界电流Ic，其确定存储器的数量 可以存储在SQUID 4中的状态。栅极电流Ig被发送到SQUID 4的超导电感器6和8，以通过与存储在SQUID中的存储器状态相对应的指定数量的当前阈值边界进行读取操作 ，使得SQUID 4的约瑟夫逊结12产生对应于存储器状态的多个脉冲。 控制电流图标通过控制电流输入16将数据写入SQUID 4，并且优选地通过超导电感器对18,6和20,8磁耦合到SQUID 4.在优选实施例中，多个SQUID存储单元70a ，70b，。 。 。 70f被布置成具有列选择输入72,74和行选择输入76,78和80的多个列和行。优选地提供数模转换器86和88以将二进制数字输入转换为模拟控制电流 图标，其大小设计为跨越对应于数字输入的多个当前阈值边界。 多个单通量量子计数器112和114优选地连接以对来自SQUID存储单元70a，70b，...的约瑟夫逊脉冲数进行计数。 。 。 70f产生作为存储器输出的脉冲计数。 在优选实施例中，来自单个通量量子计数器112和114的存储器输出分别反馈到输入数模转换器86和88中，以形成非破坏性读出。
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公开(公告)号：US5331162A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-19
申请号：US796555
申请日：1991-11-22
CPC分类号： H01L39/10 , Y10S505/848 , Y10S505/849
摘要： A superconducting infrared photodetector employing SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) measurement of fluxon flow in thin superconducting granular films to provide sensitive, low-noise detection of infrared radiation. The superconducting infrared photodetector includes a plurality of superconducting detector elements connected in parallel or series, means for supplying a bias current to the detector elements, and a digital or analog SQUID readout circuit. Each detector element includes a thin granular film of superconducting material which forms a randomly connected array of weakly coupled superconductors. The weakly coupled superconductors promote the formation of oppositely-polarized fluxons, which are driven to opposite sides of the film when subjected to the bias current. Incident radiation causes an increase in this fluxon flow, generating a voltage change. The voltage change is measured by the SQUID readout circuit to provide a sensitive, low-noise measurement of the amount of radiation incident on the detector elements.
摘要翻译： 超导红外光电探测器采用SQUID（超导量子干涉仪）测量薄超导颗粒膜中的通量流，提供敏感，低噪声的红外辐射检测。 超导红外光电检测器包括并联或串联连接的多个超导检测器元件，用于向检测器元件提供偏置电流的装置以及数字或模拟SQUID读出电路。 每个检测器元件包括形成弱耦合超导体的随机连接阵列的超导材料的薄颗粒膜。 弱耦合的超导体促进形成相反极化的物质，当经受偏置电流时，其被驱动到膜的相对侧。 入射辐射导致该通量流的增加，产生电压变化。 电压变化由SQUID读出电路测量，以提供入射到检测器元件上的辐射量的敏感，低噪声测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4646060A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US648868
申请日：1984-09-07
CPC分类号： H03K23/763 , H03M1/48 , Y10S505/827
摘要： An analog-to-digital converter quantizer and bidirectional counter using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID's) as the principal elements. A double-junction non-latching SQUID is used as a quantizer to produce unipolar output pulses on two different output lines, indicative of positive and negative increments of change in an analog signal current. The unipolar pulses are then counted in a bidirectional counter that employs double-junction non-latching SQUID's as counter stages and as logic gates for the propagation of carry and borrow signals from stage to stage.
摘要翻译： 使用超导量子干涉器件（SQUID）作为主要元件的模数转换器量化器和双向计数器。 双结非锁存SQUID用作量化器，以在两个不同的输出线上产生单极性输出脉冲，表示模拟信号电流的正和负增量。 然后在双向计数器中计数单极脉冲，该双向计数器采用双结非锁存SQUID作为计数器级，并作为逻辑门，用于从一级到另一级传送进位和借位信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5286336A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US952011
申请日：1992-11-02
CPC分类号： H01L39/223 , H01L39/2493 , Y10S505/728 , Y10S505/832
摘要： A Josephson junction and a method for its fabrication in which a laminated junction layer is formed in situ on the side edge of a base electrode contact. The laminated junction layer forms the Josephson junction of the present invention and includes an insulating or barrier layer sandwiched between a superconducting base electrode and a superconducting counter electrode. The Josephson junction is formed on the side edge of the base electrode contact to allow very small junction areas to be fabricated using conventional optical lithographic techniques, such as photolithography. The laminated junction layer is formed in situ, with the three layers of the laminated junction layer being formed successively without removing the device from the controlled atmosphere of the deposition system, to prevent contamination of the junction region.
摘要翻译： 约瑟夫逊结及其制造方法，其中在基极接触件的侧边缘上原位形成层叠接合层。 层叠结层形成本发明的约瑟夫逊结，并且包括夹在超导基极和超导对电极之间的绝缘或阻挡层。 约瑟夫逊结形成在基极电极接触件的侧边缘上，以允许使用常规光学光刻技术（例如光刻）来制造非常小的结面积。 层叠接合层是原位形成的，层叠结合层的三层依次形成，而不会从沉积系统的受控气氛中移除该装置，以防止接合区域的污染。
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公开(公告)号：US4922250A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-01
申请号：US16997
申请日：1987-02-19
CPC分类号： H03K23/763 , H03M1/48 , Y10S505/827
摘要： An analog-to-digital converter quantizer and bidirectional counter using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUD's) as the principal elements. A double-junction non-latching SQUID is used as a quantizer to produce unipolar output pulses on two different output lines, indicative of positive and negative increments of change in an analog signal current. The unipolar pulses are then counted in a bidirectional counter that employs double-junction non-latching SQUID's as counter stages and as logic gates for the propagation of carry and borrow signals from stage to stage.
摘要翻译： 使用超导量子干涉器件（SQUD）作为主要元件的模数转换器量化器和双向计数器。 双结非锁存SQUID用作量化器，以在两个不同的输出线上产生单极性输出脉冲，表示模拟信号电流的正和负增量。 然后在双向计数器中计数单极脉冲，该双向计数器采用双结非锁存SQUID作为计数器级，并作为逻辑门，用于从一级到另一级传送进位和借位信号。
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6.发明授权Superconducting multi-layer microstrip structure for multi-chip modules and microwave circuits 失效用于多芯片模块和微波电路的超导多层微带结构
公开(公告)号：US5476719A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-19
申请号：US293265
申请日：1994-08-17
申请人： Robert D. Sandell , Andrew D. Smith
发明人： Robert D. Sandell , Andrew D. Smith
IPC分类号： H01L23/498 , H01L23/538 , H01L39/14 , B32B9/00
CPC分类号： H01L23/49888 , H01L23/5383 , H01L39/14 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/3011 , Y10S428/901 , Y10S428/93 , Y10S505/812 , Y10S505/813 , Y10S505/85 , Y10T428/24917 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： A multi-layer microstrip structure includes a substrate and a first superconducting layer deposited on the substrate. A first dielectric layer, made at least partially of benzocyclobutene (BCB), is deposited on the first superconducting layer. Additional superconducting dielectric and superconducting layers can be employed. Preferably the superconducting layers are made from niobium. The multilayer microstrip structure is ideally suited for use in passive circuit components of microwave circuits and in multi-chip modules.
摘要翻译： 多层微带结构包括衬底和沉积在衬底上的第一超导层。 至少部分由苯并环丁烯（BCB）制成的第一介电层沉积在第一超导层上。 可以使用附加的超导电介质和超导层。 优选地，超导层由铌制成。 多层微带结构非常适用于微波电路和多芯片模块的无源电路组件。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5398030A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-14
申请号：US171934
申请日：1993-12-21
申请人： Robert D. Sandell
发明人： Robert D. Sandell
CPC分类号： H03M1/74
摘要： A high-performance superconducting digital-to-analog (D/A) converter providing asynchronous high-speed, low-power D/A conversion. The high-performance superconducting D/A converter includes a double-junction superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) voltage divider circuit, which generates a series of discrete binary voltages, and a double-junction SQUID voltage selector circuit, which selects the binary voltages in accordance with a digital input signal. The currents generated by the selected binary voltages are added together to produce an analog output current that represents the digital input.
摘要翻译： 高性能超导数字模拟（D / A）转换器，提供异步高速，低功耗D / A转换。 高性能超导D / A转换器包括一个产生一系列离散二进制电压的双结超导量子干涉装置（SQUID）分压电路，以及一个双结SQUID电压选择电路，它选择二 符合数字输入信号。 由所选择的二进制电压产生的电流相加在一起以产生表示数字输入的模拟输出电流。
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