摘要:
A system and method are used to form incoherent beams from at least a partially coherent beam, such that interference or speckle patterns are substantially eliminated. A rotating optical element directs the partially coherent beam to reflect from an angular distribution changing element to form an incoherent beam. The partially coherent beam can be directed at valying angles or positions onto the angular distribution changing element through rotation of the rotating optical element. The angles can vary as a function of time.
摘要:
Use of a refraction grating to divide a beam of radiation into a plurality of sub-beams that are each directed onto an array of individually controllable elements, modulated thereby and projected onto a substrate as an array of spots.
摘要:
A lithographic illumination apparatus and method includes receiving a plurality of source radiation beams from a plurality of corresponding radiation sources, deflecting the plurality of source radiation beams along a common beam path, thereby generating a projection beam of radiation, imparting the projection beam of radiation with a cross-section pattern, and projecting the patterned projection beam of radiation onto a target portion of a substrate.
摘要:
An array of individually controllable elements, comprising a plurality of control areas consisting of a plurality of rows of reflectors. Alternate rows of reflectors are actuated in a common manner such that the control areas function as a grating to provide a control element that can be used as a diffractive optical element.
摘要:
A system and method utilize a lithographic apparatus comprising an illumination system, an array of individually controllable elements, and a projection system. The illumination system conditions a radiation beam. The array of individually controllable elements modulates the beam. At least one group of elements in the array of individually controllable elements being tilted to at least a same tilt direction with a same tilt sign. For example, the tilting can form one or more blazing portions (e.g., blazing super-pixel portions) in the array of individually controllable elements. The projection system projects the modulated beam onto a target portion of a substrate. The projection system includes an aperture that filters out undesired diffraction orders of the modulated beam.
摘要:
A lithographic apparatus includes a radiation system, a patterning device, and a projection system. The patterning device patterns a beam of radiation from the radiation system. The projection system projects the patterned beam onto a target portion of a substrate. The projection system comprising a pupil positioned at a pupil plane of the projection system and an array of lenses positioned at an image plane of the projection system. The patterning device is conjugate to the array of lenses and the pupil is conjugate to the substrate.
摘要:
Focal plane errors across the field of an array of focusing elements are reduced by using a non-planar correction surface, shaped such that focal points of the focusing elements lie closer to a single plane than they would if the correction surface were planar. For example, this can be used when an array of focusing elements is used in a projection system of a lithography system.
摘要:
A lithography apparatus including a projection system configured to project a beam of radiation onto a substrate as an array of sub-beams of radiation and an array of individually controllable elements configured to modulate the sub-beams of radiation. The apparatus also includes a data-path including at least one data manipulation device arranged to at least partly convert data defining a requested pattern to a control signal suitable for controlling the array of individually controllable elements to form substantially the requested pattern on the substrate. The data manipulation device is arranged to carry out the conversion by applying a pseudo-inverted form of a point-spread function matrix to a column vector representing the requested pattern. The point-spread function matrix includes information about the shape and relative position of the point-spread function of each spot to be exposed on the substrate by one of the sub-beams of radiation at a given time.
摘要:
An immersion lithographic apparatus is disclosed which includes a liquid supply system having an inlet configured to supply a liquid to a space between a projection system of the lithographic apparatus and a substrate and an outlet configured to remove at least part of the liquid, the liquid supply system configured to rotate the inlet, the outlet, or both, about an axis substantially perpendicular. to an exposure plane of the substrate.
摘要:
A method and system for determining specific pixel modulation states of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to print a desired pattern on a substrate are disclosed. The method includes selecting at least one super-pixel in an object plane of the desired pattern, the super-pixel being formed of at least two pixels. At least one edge of the desired pattern crosses a boundary within the super-pixel, the at least one edge being defined by specific slope and position parameters relative to the super-pixel. The method also includes (i) forming an interpolation table to tabulate pre-calculated pixel modulation states and (ii) determining the specific pixel modulation states for each of the pixels in accordance with the interpolation table. Disclosed also are a method and system for providing a spatial light modulator (SLM). The SLM includes a plurality of mirrors structured to form groups of super-pixels. Each super-pixel (i) includes two or more mirrors from the plurality of mirrors and (ii) is configured to switch only one pixel of light. Each of the two or more mirrors can be separately actuated.