摘要:
This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. The arc extinguishing and insulating medium in the first arcing chamber surrounds the second arcing chamber in an insulating manner. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker which can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, wherein means are provided which always ensure that the movement of the first arcing chamber leads the movement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the second arcing chamber always leads the movement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process.
摘要:
In the switched-on position, under the influence of contact forces generated by elastic deflection or else by mechanical spreading, or spreading caused by the attraction of parallel currents or repulsion of antiparallel currents, of a switching pin (5) , the switching pins presses against the inner side of a first switching ring (4), which is rigid for the purpose of avoiding mechanical overloading and securing sufficient consumable reserves. By way of example, a support (30) of the switching pin (5) is adjoined by two parallel, elastic extensions (52a, 52b), which are separated by a slot (53) and respectively support a contact member (54a; 54b) by means of a connecting element (55a; 55b) forming half a screw thread, with the result that said contact member is in each case offset by 180.degree. relative to the extension (52a; 52b). In the switched-on position, therefore, the contact members (54a, 54b) are forced apart by the elastic deformation of the extensions (52a, 52b) which is caused by the attraction between the parallel partial currents through said contact members. The switching pin (5) is electrically conductively connected to a second switching ring (6), which is separated from the first switching ring (4) by an arc space.
摘要:
This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. Means are provided which ensure a sensible voltage distribution between the first and the second arcing chamber in the course of a switching process. At least one vacuum switching chamber having an insulating housing, is provided as the second arcing chamber. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker wich can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, in that means are provided which ensure that the movement of the contacting arrangement of the first arcing chamber precedes the movement of the contact arrangement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the contacting arrangement of the second arcing chamber precedes the movement of the contact arrangement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process. The second arcing chamber is permanently bridged by a non-reactive resistor, which is in the form of a resistance coating applied to the inner wall or the outer wall of the insulating housing of the second arcing chamber.
摘要:
Current and voltage values (uk, ik) are measured for protection of an electrical power line (1). An adaptive estimator is used to analyze all the values within a measurement window, and to convert them to impedance values (Z). The line (1) is switched off if the impedance values (Z) assume unacceptable values. In order to shorten the reaction time, a warning signal (W) is produced if powerful radio-frequency signals are detected on the line (1). When the warning signal (W) occurs, the respective measurement window is located such that its start matches the time of the warning signal (W), and/or the respective measurement window is shortened.
摘要:
A method and a series of devices for dry cleaning, activating, modifying, coating, and biologically decontaminating (degerming, disinfecting, sterilizing) surfaces by means of an atmospheric pressure plasma generated using a surface barrier discharge are provided. The invention is used for dry cleaning, activating, coating, modifying, and biologically contaminating surfaces by means of an atmospheric pressure plasma generated in a defined, flowing gas atmosphere by a surface barrier discharge, comprising a high-voltage electrode that is covered with a dielectric or ferroelectric material, an electrically conducting grounded contact electrode, a high-voltage supply, a gas supply, and a gas nozzle (encompassing a gas outlet); said gas nozzle is located in the direct vicinity of the grounded contact electrode, is integrated into the contact electrode, or acts as the grounded contact electrode.
摘要:
A device for treating living cells by plasmaporation contains, in addition to devices for generating plasma and generating a field, devices for mixing and transporting active substances, predominantly in the form of nano and microparticles, for affecting the metabolism of the cells.
摘要:
A process and apparatus for cleaning and disinfection of textiles and the air from viruses, bacteria and spores, and also for purifying from dust, pollen, odors, etc. in which the employment of water and various other cleaning agents and disinfectants as well is not required includes a lock or chamberin which living beings are able to stay, and piece-goods and textiles, etc. are able to be treated as well. Therein, airborne aerosols (droplets, particles, dust) as well as aerosols and microbes, respectively, adhering to the clothing or body and to the product, respectively, are to be treated. The basic principle shall also be applicable to rooms (e.g. waiting rooms) or stables and under cleanroom conditions as well. Various aspects of the invention include plasma generation, producing an ion current from the plasma, ozone generation and activation, sterilization, oxidation and decomposition of gaseous components, and separation of microbes and aerosols and decomposition thereof.
摘要:
A device for generating a cold, HF-excited plasma under atmospheric pressure conditions can be used advantageously for plasma treatment of materials for cosmetic and medical purposes. The device contains a metal housing functioning as a grounded electrode in the region of the emergent plasma, wherein an HF generator, an HF resonance coil having a closed ferrite core suitable for the high frequency, an insulating body acting as a gas nozzle, and a high-voltage electrode mounted in the insulating body are disposed in such a manner that they are permeated or circulated around by process gas. By integrating the plasma nozzle and required control electronics in a miniaturized handheld device, or by using a short high-voltage cable, the invention allows compliance with the electromagnetic compatibility directives and allows the power loss to be minimized and thus a mobile application to be implemented.
摘要:
A device and method for generating a physical plasma in hoses of long and simultaneously constricted lumen, flexible or rigid dielectric hoses, tubes or other hollow bodies in the low, normal or overpressure range, which are partially or completely filled or flushed by process medium of gas or gas mixtures, one or more liquids, liquids including gas bubbles, liquid-gas mixtures, aerosols and/or foam, for purposes of cleaning, activating, coating, modifying and biologically decontaminating, disinfecting, sterilizing the inner walls of the hoses or the process medium itself. The device includes a high voltage supply and a process medium supply, at least one electrically conductive grounded electrode and at least one electrically conductive high voltage electrode, both embedded in the wall of the hose.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device, preferably a collar, for treating areas of human or animal skin or mucous membrane with a cold atmospheric pressure plasma by creating a dielectrically hindered surface discharge, comprising at least one flexible insulating material (1), a flexible high-voltage electrode (2), a flexible dielectric (3), a flexible grounded electrode (4) and a gas supply (7), characterized in that the flexible high-voltage electrode (2) is embedded in the insulating elastomer (3), having the effect of a dielectric, and the grounded electrode (4) is applied to the elastomer surface facing the surface to be treated.