摘要:
A susceptor for holding a semiconductor wafer to be flash-heated by a flash of light emitted from flash lamps is formed of transparent quartz. The susceptor has a backside surface only which is roughened by shot blasting to provide a ground-glass-like surface. When a flash of light is emitted, part of the flash of light emitted from the flash lamps and passing by a peripheral portion of the semiconductor wafer held by the susceptor into the susceptor reaches the ground-glass-like backside surface and is diffusely reflected therefrom. Part of the diffusely reflected light impinges on the peripheral portion of the semiconductor wafer held by the susceptor to thereby heat the low temperature regions which have appeared in the peripheral portion of the semiconductor wafer.
摘要:
An optical transmitter having an automatic output controlling function converts monitor current of a laser into a voltage and detects an average value of the voltage. The average value is compared with a mark-space ratio outputted from a mark-space ratio detection circuit by a bias control circuit, by which a bias circuit is controlled. Meanwhile, the average value described above is divided by the mark-space ratio from the mark-space ratio detection circuit by an operation circuit, and a resulting value is compared with a reference voltage (Vref) and amplified by a pulse current controller. The pulse current driver is controlled with the amplified output of the pulse current controller. Finally, outputs of the pulse current driver and the bias circuit are added to drive the laser.
摘要:
An improved liquid crystal device which is driven by applying electric field thereon is shown. The liquid crystal is contained in the device as a layer which is separated into pixel and the optical condition of which is changed by the electric field applied. Contiguous to the liquid crystal layer, a ferroelectric film is provided to impart hysteresis to the device.
摘要:
An improved semiconductor device is disclosed which is free from current leakage due to pin-holes or other gaps. Also an improved method for processing a semiconductor device is shown. According to the invention, gaps produced in fabricating process of the semiconductor layer are filled with insulator in advance of deposition of electrodes.
摘要:
Photoelectric conversion devices are manufactured at high yield by repairing the devices during the final steps of the manufacuturing process. Short current paths resulting from the formation process of semiconductor layers can be eliminated by applying a reverse voltage to the layers, which thus are heated and made insulating. After the elimination of the short current paths, the reverse current no longer passes beyond 15 mA on a reverse voltage of 8 V.
摘要:
An improved liquid crystal device and manufacturing method for same are described. In the device, a pair of substrates, between which a liquid crystal layer is disposed, is joined with pillars inbetween functioning as spacers which are provided of photocurable resin by photolithography. With this structure, the spacers can be in surface contact with the inside surfaces of the substrates on which electrode arrangement and active devices are formed.
摘要:
An improved semiconductor processing is disclosed. In the manufacturing process, a semiconductor layer is formed and then undergoes photo annealing. A neutralizer is then introduced to the photoannealed semiconductor. The semiconductor thus formed demonstrates the SEL effect instead of the Staebler-Wronski effect.
摘要:
An improved semiconductor device is disclosed which is free from current leakage due to pin-holes or other gaps. Also an improved method for processing a semiconductor device is shown. According to the invention, gaps produced during the fabricating process of the semiconductor layer are filled with insulator in advance of deposition of electrodes. By virtue of this configuration, short current paths do not result when electrodes are provided on the semiconductor layer.
摘要:
Part of output light of an LD 11 issuing a signal light 10 depending on a driving current is received by a photo diode 13, and the current corresponding to the reception power is converted into a voltage in a current-voltage converting circuit 14, and an average voltage V1 is detected in an average voltage detecting circuit 15. The average voltage V1 and a reference voltage V2 depending on a mark rate issued from a reference voltage control circuit 16 are entered in an optical output control circuit 17, and the driving current to be supplied into the LD 11 is controlled by a laser driving circuit 19 through a driving current control circuit 18 so that the LD 11 may not pass any current exceeding a preset value. At the time of response by optical output cut-off or its cancellation, by controlling the average voltage V1 and reference voltage V2 by the excessive output preventive circuit 41, generation of excessive optical output is prevented. As a result, an automatic power control circuit of the optical transmitter can emit an output light within the standard from the laser diode even at the time of transient response by optical output cut-off or cancellation of optical output cut-off.
摘要:
An improved liquid crystal device is shown. The device comprises a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer disposed inbetween and a pair of electrodes formed on the opposed insides of the substrate for applying an electric field on the liquid crystal layer. Further a dielectric film is formed on a inside of the substrate of the device. In response to an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer, an electric charge is accumulated on the dielectric film to enable the device to exhibit apparent coersive electric field.