公开(公告)号：US07653177B2

公开(公告)日：2010-01-26

申请号：US12213945

申请日：2008-06-26

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Matthias Honal ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Matthias Honal ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： G01N23/20

CPC分类号： G01N23/20 ,  A61B6/484 ,  A61K49/0414 ,  G01N2223/303 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： A method and a measurement system are disclosed for the noninvasive determination of properties of an object to be examined and to the use of a contrast medium for X-ray phase-contrast measurement. in at least one embodiment of the invention, a mixture (suspension) consisting of a base liquid and a multiplicity of particles contained therein is used, the refractive index of the base liquid being different to the refractive index of the particles.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种方法和测量系统，用于无创测定被检查物体的性质以及使用造影剂进行X射线相位测量。 在本发明的至少一个实施方案中，使用由基础液体和其中包含的多个颗粒组成的混合物（悬浮液），所述基础液体的折射率不同于颗粒的折射率。

公开(公告)号：US07817777B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-19

申请号：US12159486

申请日：2006-12-06

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： G01N23/04

CPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/4441 ,  A61B6/484 ,  G21K2201/06 ,  G21K2207/005 ,  H01J2235/086

摘要： In a focus detector arrangement and method for an x-ray apparatus for generating projection or tomographic phase-contrast images of an examination subject, a beam of coherent x-rays is generated by an anode that has areas of different radiation emission characteristics arranged in bands thereon, that proceed parallel to grid lines of a phase grid that is used to generate the phase-contrast images.

摘要翻译： 在用于产生检查对象的投影或断层相位图像的x射线装置的焦点检测器装置和方法中，由具有布置在带中的不同辐射特性的区域的阳极产生相干X射线束 其平行于用于生成相位对比图像的相位网格的网格线。

公开(公告)号：US07564941B2

公开(公告)日：2009-07-21

申请号：US11700154

申请日：2007-01-31

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： A61B6/00

CPC分类号： G01N23/046 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/484 ,  G01N2223/419 ,  G01N2223/612 ,  G21K1/06 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： A focus-detector arrangement of an X-ray apparatus is disclosed for generating projective or tomographic phase contrast recordings with a phase grating. According to at least one embodiment of the invention, in the gaps between its bars, the phase grating includes a filler material whose linear attenuation coefficient in the relevant energy range is greater than that of the bars. The height of the filler material in the gaps is dimensioned on the one hand so that the X-radiation with the energy used for measuring the phase shift generates a phase shift in the X-radiation such that, after the phase grating, the rays which pass through the bars are phase shifted by one half wavelength relative to the rays which pass through the gaps with the filler material. Further, the height of the filler material in the gaps on the other hand is dimensioned so that the attenuation of the X-radiation, at least in relation to the energy used for measuring the phase shift, is the same when passing through the bars and when passing through the filler material.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于利用相位光栅产生投射或断层相位对比度记录的X射线装置的聚焦检测器装置。 根据本发明的至少一个实施例，在其杆之间的间隙中，相位光栅包括其相关能量范围内的线性衰减系数大于棒的线性衰减系数的填充材料。 间隙中的填充材料的高度一方面确定尺寸，使得具有用于测量相移的能量的X射线在X辐射中产生相移，使得在相位光栅之后，射线 通过条相对于通过填充材料的间隙的光线相移一半波长。 此外，另一方面，间隙中的填充材料的高度的尺寸被设计成使得至少相对于用于测量相移的能量的X射线的衰减在通过杆时是相同的，并且 当通过填料时。

公开(公告)号：US07453981B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-18

申请号：US11700173

申请日：2007-01-31

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： G01N23/04

CPC分类号： G21K1/06 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/484 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： A focus-detector arrangement of an X-ray apparatus is disclosed, for generating projective or tomographic phase contrast recordings of a subject. In at least one embodiment, least one grating of a focus-detector arrangement includes, at least partially, a macroscopically homogeneous medium which, when excited by an energy source, assumes a periodic structure/standing wave field that leads to beam splitting and the formation of an interference pattern when the X-ray beam passes through.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于产生对象的投影或断层相位对比记录的X射线装置的聚焦检测器装置。 在至少一个实施例中，聚焦检测器装置的至少一个光栅至少部分地包括宏观均匀的介质，当被能量源激发时，它们呈现导致光束分裂和形成的周期性结构/驻波场 的X射线束通过时的干涉图案。

公开(公告)号：US07433444B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-07

申请号：US11700060

申请日：2007-01-31

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： G21K1/00

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/484 ,  A61B6/508 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： A focus-detector arrangement of an X-ray apparatus is disclosed for generating projective or tomographic phase contrast recordings of an observed region of a subject. In at least one embodiment, the arrangement includes a radiation source which emits a coherent or quasi-coherent X-radiation and irradiates the subject, a phase grating which is arranged behind the subject in the beam path of the radiation source and generates an interference pattern of the X-radiation in a predetermined energy range, and an analysis-detector system which detects at least the interference pattern generated by the phase grating in respect of its phase shift with position resolution. Further, the beam path of the X-radiation used diverges in at least one plane between the focus and the detector.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于产生被摄体的观察区域的投影或层析相位对比记录的X射线装置的聚焦检测器装置。 在至少一个实施例中，该装置包括发射相干或准相干X射线并照射对象的辐射源，布置在辐射源的光束路径中的被摄体后面的相位光栅，并产生干涉图案 的X射线在预定能量范围内的分析检测器系统，以及分析检测器系统，其至少检测相位光栅相对于其相移与位置分辨率产生的干涉图案。 此外，所使用的X辐射的光束路径在焦点和检测器之间的至少一个平面中发散。

公开(公告)号：US07639786B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

申请号：US11700139

申请日：2007-01-31

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Christian David ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Franz Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： G21K1/00 ,  G21K1/10

CPC分类号： G21K1/06 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/484 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： An X-ray optical transmission grating of a focus-detector arrangement of an X-ray apparatus is disclosed, for generating projective or tomographic phase contrast recordings of a subject. In at least one embodiment, the grating includes a multiplicity of grating bars and grating gaps arranged periodically on at least one surface of at least one wafer, wherein the X-ray optical transmission grating includes at least two sub-gratings arranged in direct succession in the beam direction.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于产生被摄体的投影或层析相位对比记录的X射线装置的聚焦检测器装置的X射线光传输光栅。 在至少一个实施例中，光栅包括在至少一个晶片的至少一个表面周期性地布置的多个光栅条和光栅间隙，其中X射线光传输光栅包括直接相继布置的至少两个子光栅 光束方向。

公开(公告)号：US07440542B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-21

申请号：US11700061

申请日：2007-01-31

申请人： Joachim Baumann ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

发明人： Joachim Baumann ,  Martin Engelhardt ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Eckhard Hempel ,  Martin Hoheisel ,  Thomas Mertelmeier ,  Stefan Popescu ,  Manfred Schuster

IPC分类号： G01N23/223

CPC分类号： G01N23/20 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/484 ,  G01N23/22 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： A method and a measuring arrangement are disclosed for nondestructive analysis of an examination object. In at least one embodiment of the method, x-radiation having a specific energy spectrum is generated by an x-ray source, with the aid of at least one x-ray/optical grating in the beam path of the x-radiation there is generated a standing wave field of this x-radiation that is positioned at least partially in the examination object, and the radiation excited by the x-ray standing wave field in the examination object is measured as a function of at least one relative position between the examination object and the x-ray standing wave field. Further, a material distribution in the examination object is inferred from the measurement result of the radiation excited by the x-ray standing wave field.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于检查对象的非破坏性分析的方法和测量装置。 在该方法的至少一个实施例中，具有特定能谱的x射线由x射线源产生，借助于X辐射的光束路径中的至少一个x射线/光栅， 产生至少部分地位于检查对象中的该X射线的驻波场，并且由检查对象中的x射线驻波场激发的辐射作为至少一个相对位置 检查对象和X射线驻波场。 此外，从X射线驻波激励的辐射的测量结果推断检查对象中的材料分布。

公开(公告)号：US09214312B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-15

申请号：US13496429

申请日：2010-09-29

申请人： Jörg Freudenberger ,  Lothar Werner

发明人： Jörg Freudenberger ,  Lothar Werner

IPC分类号： H01J35/16

CPC分类号： H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/168

摘要： An x-ray tube has a backscatter electron trap to prevent extra focal radiation caused by backscattered electrons from the focal spot from passing through the beam exit window to an exterior of the x-ray tube. The backscatter electron trap has a surface that faces the x-ray beam in the x-ray tube. No portion of that surface is visible both from an arbitrary point in the x-ray beam outside of the x-ray tube and from an arbitrary point at the focal spot.

摘要翻译： X射线管具有反向散射电子阱，以防止由来自焦斑的反向散射电子引起的额外焦点辐射通过射束出射窗到X射线管的外部。 反向散射电子阱具有面对X射线管中的X射线束的表面。 X射线管外的X射线束的任意点以及焦点的任意点都不能看到该表面的任何部分。

公开(公告)号：US07116757B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-03

申请号：US10994112

申请日：2004-11-19

申请人： Manfred Apel ,  Holger Baule ,  Jörg Freudenberger

发明人： Manfred Apel ,  Holger Baule ,  Jörg Freudenberger

IPC分类号： H01J35/10

CPC分类号： H01J35/106 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1208 ,  H01J2235/1266 ,  H01J2235/1279

摘要： An x-ray tube has an anode plate connected to an anode tube that is mounted such that it can rotate around a rigid anode shaft. To improve the heat dissipation from the anode plate, a liquid for dissipation of heat to the anode shaft is accommodated in an intervening space formed between the anode shaft and the anode plate.

摘要翻译： X射线管具有连接到阳极管的阳极板，阳极管被安装成使得其可以围绕刚性阳极轴旋转。 为了改善来自阳极板的散热，用于将热量散发到阳极轴的液体容纳在形成在阳极轴和阳极板之间的中间空间中。

公开(公告)号：US06961407B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US10815041

申请日：2004-03-31

申请人： Josef Deuringer ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Peter Schardt ,  Markus Schild

发明人： Josef Deuringer ,  Jörg Freudenberger ,  Peter Schardt ,  Markus Schild

IPC分类号： G01L21/30 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06

CPC分类号： G01L21/30 ,  H01J35/02

摘要： In a method to detect the pressure in an x-ray tube having a cathode of the x-ray tube that is heated with a heater current, and wherein electrons are accelerated between the cathode and an anode by an applied x-ray tube voltage, the heater current is measured, a tube current corresponding to the tube -ray voltage is measured, the difference between the measured heater current and the measured tube current is determined or the temporal change of the measured heater current or of the measured tube current is determined, the difference or the temporal change is compared with predetermined calibration values, and a value representing the pressure in the x-ray tube is determined from the comparison.

摘要翻译： 在用加热器电流加热的X射线管的阴极的X射线管中检测压力的方法中，并且通过施加的X射线管电压在阴极和阳极之间加速电子的方法， 测量加热器电流，测量与管芯电压相对应的管电流，确定测得的加热器电流与测量的管电流之间的差异，或确定测得的加热器电流或测量的管电流的时间变化 ，将差异或时间变化与预定的校准值进行比较，并且从比较确定表示x射线管中的压力的​​值。