公开(公告)号：US08145885B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-27

申请号：US12112859

申请日：2008-04-30

申请人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

发明人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

IPC分类号： G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F9/3851

摘要： A processor interleaves instructions according to a priority rule which determines the frequency with which instructions from each respective thread are selected and added to an interleaved stream of instructions to be processed in the data processor. The frequency with which each thread is selected according to the rule may be based on the priorities assigned to the instruction threads. A randomization is inserted into the interleaving process so that the selection of an instruction thread during any particular clock cycle is not based solely by the priority rule, but is also based in part on a random or pseudo random element. This randomization is inserted into the instruction thread selection process so as to vary the order in which instructions are selected from the various instruction threads while preserving the overall frequency of thread selection (i.e. how often threads are selected) set by the priority rule.

摘要翻译： A处理器根据优先级规则对指令进行交织，该优先级规则确定选择来自每个相应线程的指令的频率，并将其附加到要在数据处理器中处理的交错指令流。 根据规则选择每个线程的频率可以基于分配给指令线程的优先级。 随机化被插入到交织处理中，使得在任何特定时钟周期期间指令线程的选择不仅仅基于优先级规则，而且还部分地基于随机或伪随机元素。 该随机化被插入到指令线程选择处理中，以便改变从各种指令线程中选择指令的顺序，同时保持由优先级规则设置的线程选择的总体频率（即选择多少线程）。

公开(公告)号：US07827388B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-02

申请号：US12044846

申请日：2008-03-07

申请人： John Wesley Ward, III ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

发明人： John Wesley Ward, III ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

IPC分类号： G06F9/40 ,  G06F9/42

CPC分类号： G06F9/4818 ,  G06F9/3851

摘要： Each instruction thread in a SMT processor is associated with a software assigned base input processing priority. Unless some predefined event or circumstance occurs with an instruction being processed or to be processed, the base input processing priorities of the respective threads are used to determine the interleave frequency between the threads according to some instruction interleave rule. However, upon the occurrence of some predefined event or circumstance in the processor related to a particular instruction thread, the base input processing priority of one or more instruction threads is adjusted to produce one more adjusted priority values. The instruction interleave rule is then enforced according to the adjusted priority value or values together with any base input processing priority values that have not been subject to adjustment.

摘要翻译： SMT处理器中的每个指令线程与软件分配的基本输入处理优先级相关联。 除非正在处理或要处理的指令发生一些预定义的事件或情况，否则各个线程的基本输入处理优先级用于根据某种指令交错规则来确定线程之间的交织频率。 然而，在与特定指令线程相关的处理器中发生某些预定义的事件或环境时，调整一个或多个指令线程的基本输入处理优先级以产生一个更多调整的优先级值。 然后根据调整后的优先级值或与未经调整的任何基本输入处理优先级值一起实施指令交错规则。

公开(公告)号：US07401207B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-15

申请号：US10424529

申请日：2003-04-25

申请人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

发明人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

IPC分类号： G06F9/40 ,  G06F9/44

CPC分类号： G06F9/4818 ,  G06F9/3851

摘要： Each instruction thread in a SMT processor is associated with a software assigned base input processing priority. Unless some predefined event or circumstance occurs with an instruction being processed or to be processed, the base input processing priorities of the respective threads are used to determine the interleave frequency between the threads according to some instruction interleave rule. However, upon the occurrence of some predefined event or circumstance in the processor related to a particular instruction thread, the base input processing priority of one or more instruction threads is adjusted to produce one more adjusted priority values. The instruction interleave rule is then enforced according to the adjusted priority value or values together with any base input processing priority values that have not been subject to adjustment.

摘要翻译： SMT处理器中的每个指令线程与软件分配的基本输入处理优先级相关联。 除非正在处理或要处理的指令发生一些预定义的事件或情况，否则各个线程的基本输入处理优先级用于根据某种指令交错规则来确定线程之间的交织频率。 然而，在与特定指令线程相关的处理器中发生某些预定义的事件或环境时，调整一个或多个指令线程的基本输入处理优先级以产生一个更多调整的优先级值。 然后根据调整后的优先级值或与未经调整的任何基本输入处理优先级值一起实施指令交错规则。

公开(公告)号：US20080162904A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

申请号：US12048171

申请日：2008-03-13

申请人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward

发明人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward

IPC分类号： G06F9/38

CPC分类号： G06F9/3851

摘要： The selection between instruction threads in a SMT processor for the purpose of interleaving instructions from the different instruction threads may be modified to accommodate certain processor events or conditions. During each processor clock cycle, an interleave rule enforcement component produces at least one base instruction thread selection signal that indicates a particular one of the instruction threads for passing an instruction from that particular thread into a stream of interleaved instructions. Thread selection modification is provided by an interleave modification component that generates a final thread selection signal based upon the base thread selection signal and a feedback signal derived from one or more conditions or events in the various processor elements. This final thread selection signal may indicate the same instruction thread indicated by the base thread selection signal or a different one of the instruction threads for passing an instruction into the interleaved stream of instructions.

摘要翻译： 可以修改SMT处理器中用于交织来自不同指令线程的指令的指令线程之间的选择以适应某些处理器事件或条件。 在每个处理器时钟周期期间，交错规则实施部件产生至少一个基本指令线程选择信号，其指示用于将指令从该特定线程传递到交错指令流中的特定指令线程。 线程选择修改由交织修改组件提供，交织修改组件基于基本线程选择信号和从各种处理器元件中的一个或多个条件或事件导出的反馈信号生成最后的线程选择信号。 该最终线程选择信号可以指示由基线程选择信号指示的相同指令线程或用于将指令传递到交错指令流的指令线程中的不同指令线程。

公开(公告)号：US20080155233A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US12044846

申请日：2008-03-07

申请人： John Wesley Ward ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

发明人： John Wesley Ward ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

IPC分类号： G06F9/30

CPC分类号： G06F9/4818 ,  G06F9/3851

摘要： Each instruction thread in a SMT processor is associated with a software assigned base input processing priority. Unless some predefined event or circumstance occurs with an instruction being processed or to be processed, the base input processing priorities of the respective threads are used to determine the interleave frequency between the threads according to some instruction interleave rule. However, upon the occurrence of some predefined event or circumstance in the processor related to a particular instruction thread, the base input processing priority of one or more instruction threads is adjusted to produce one more adjusted priority values. The instruction interleave rule is then enforced according to the adjusted priority value or values together with any base input processing priority values that have not been subject to adjustment.

摘要翻译： SMT处理器中的每个指令线程与软件分配的基本输入处理优先级相关联。 除非正在处理或要处理的指令发生一些预定义的事件或情况，否则各个线程的基本输入处理优先级用于根据某种指令交错规则来确定线程之间的交织频率。 然而，在与特定指令线程相关的处理器中发生某些预定义的事件或环境时，调整一个或多个指令线程的基本输入处理优先级以产生一个更多调整的优先级值。 然后根据调整后的优先级值或与未经调整的任何基本输入处理优先级值一起实施指令交错规则。

公开(公告)号：US07401208B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-15

申请号：US10424533

申请日：2003-04-25

申请人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

发明人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

IPC分类号： G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F9/3851

摘要： A processor interleaves instructions according to a priority rule which determines the frequency with which instructions from each respective thread are selected and added to an interleaved stream of instructions to be processed in the data processor. The frequency with which each thread is selected according to the rule may be based on the priorities assigned to the instruction threads. A randomization is inserted into the interleaving process so that the selection of an instruction thread during any particular clock cycle is not based solely by the priority rule, but is also based in part on a random or pseudo random element. This randomization is inserted into the instruction thread selection process so as to vary the order in which instructions are selected from the various instruction threads while preserving the overall frequency of thread selection (i.e. how often threads are selected) set by the priority rule.

摘要翻译： A处理器根据优先级规则对指令进行交织，该优先级规则确定选择来自每个相应线程的指令的频率，并将其附加到要在数据处理器中处理的交错指令流。 根据规则选择每个线程的频率可以基于分配给指令线程的优先级。 随机化被插入到交织处理中，使得在任何特定时钟周期期间指令线程的选择不仅仅基于优先级规则，而且还部分地基于随机或伪随机元素。 该随机化被插入到指令线程选择处理中，以便改变从各种指令线程中选择指令的顺序，同时保持由优先级规则设置的线程选择的总体频率（即选择多少线程）。

公开(公告)号：US07360062B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-15

申请号：US10424530

申请日：2003-04-25

申请人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

发明人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Balaram Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

IPC分类号： G06F9/30 ,  G06F9/40 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F7/38 ,  G06F9/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F9/3851

摘要： The selection between instruction threads in a SMT processor for the purpose of interleaving instructions from the different instruction threads may be modified to accommodate certain processor events or conditions. During each processor clock cycle, an interleave rule enforcement component produces at least one base instruction thread selection signal that indicates a particular one of the instruction threads for passing an instruction from that particular thread into a stream of interleaved instructions. Thread selection modification is provided by an interleave modification component that generates a final thread selection signal based upon the base thread selection signal and a feedback signal derived from one or more conditions or events in the various processor elements. This final thread selection signal may indicate the same instruction thread indicated by the base thread selection signal or a different one of the instruction threads for passing an instruction into the interleaved stream of instructions.

摘要翻译： 可以修改SMT处理器中用于交织来自不同指令线程的指令的指令线程之间的选择以适应某些处理器事件或条件。 在每个处理器时钟周期期间，交错规则实施部件产生至少一个基本指令线程选择信号，其指示用于将指令从该特定线程传递到交错指令流中的特定指令线程。 线程选择修改由交织修改组件提供，交织修改组件基于基本线程选择信号和从各种处理器元件中的一个或多个条件或事件导出的反馈信号生成最后的线程选择信号。 该最终线程选择信号可以指示由基线程选择信号指示的相同指令线程或用于将指令传递到交错指令流的指令线程中的不同指令线程。

公开(公告)号：US20080209426A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-28

申请号：US12112859

申请日：2008-04-30

申请人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Ballarm Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

发明人： Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Minh Michelle Quy Pham ,  Ballarm Sinharoy ,  John Wesley Ward, III

IPC分类号： G06F9/30

CPC分类号： G06F9/3851

摘要： A processor interleaves instructions according to a priority rule which determines the frequency with which instructions from each respective thread are selected and added to an interleaved stream of instructions to be processed in the data processor. The frequency with which each thread is selected according to the rule may be based on the priorities assigned to the instruction threads. A randomization is inserted into the interleaving process so that the selection of an instruction thread during any particular clock cycle is not based solely by the priority rule, but is also based in part on a random or pseudo random element. This randomization is inserted into the instruction thread selection process so as to vary the order in which instructions are selected from the various instruction threads while preserving the overall frequency of thread selection (i.e. how often threads are selected) set by the priority rule.

摘要翻译： A处理器根据优先级规则对指令进行交织，该优先级规则确定选择来自每个相应线程的指令的频率，并将其附加到要在数据处理器中处理的交错指令流。 根据规则选择每个线程的频率可以基于分配给指令线程的优先级。 随机化被插入到交织处理中，使得在任何特定时钟周期期间指令线程的选择不仅仅基于优先级规则，而且还部分地基于随机或伪随机元素。 该随机化被插入到指令线程选择处理中，以便改变从各种指令线程中选择指令的顺序，同时保持由优先级规则设置的线程选择的总体频率（即选择多少线程）。

公开(公告)号：US07155600B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-26

申请号：US10422648

申请日：2003-04-24

申请人： William Elton Burky ,  Michael Stephen Floyd ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

发明人： William Elton Burky ,  Michael Stephen Floyd ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

IPC分类号： G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/76 ,  G06F7/38 ,  G06F9/00 ,  G06F9/44

CPC分类号： G06F9/485

摘要： A method and logical apparatus for switching between single-threaded and multi-threaded execution states within a simultaneous multi-threaded (SMT) processor provides a mechanism for switching between single-threaded and multi-threaded execution. The processor receives an instruction specifying a transition from a single-threaded to a multi-threaded mode or vice-versa and halts execution of all threads executing on the processor. Internal control logic controls a sequence of events that ends instruction prefetching, dispatch of new instructions, interrupt processing and maintenance operations and waits for operation of the processor to complete for instructions that are in process. Then, the logic determines one or more threads to start in conformity with a thread enable state specifying the enable state of multiple threads and reallocates various resources, dividing them between threads if multiple threads are specified for further execution (multi-threaded mode) or allocating substantially all of the resources to a single thread if further execution is specified as single-threaded mode. The processor then starts execution of the remaining enabled threads.

摘要翻译： 用于在同时多线程（SMT）处理器中的单线程和多线程执行状态之间切换的方法和逻辑设备提供了在单线程和多线程执行之间进行切换的机制。 处理器接收指定从单线程转换到多线程模式或反之亦然的指令，并停止在处理器上执行的所有线程的执行。 内部控制逻辑控制结束指令预取，调度新指令，中断处理和维护操作的事件序列，并等待处理器的操作完成以处理正在进行的指令。 然后，逻辑根据指定多个线程的使能状态的线程使能状态确定一个或多个线程，以重新分配各种资源，如果多个线程被指定用于进一步执行（多线程模式）或分配 如果进一步执行被指定为单线程模式，则基本上所有的资源到单个线程。 然后，处理器开始执行剩余的已启用线程。

公开(公告)号：US07051221B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-23

申请号：US10425399

申请日：2003-04-28

申请人： Joachim Gerhard Clabes ,  Michael Stephen Floyd ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

发明人： Joachim Gerhard Clabes ,  Michael Stephen Floyd ,  Ronald Nick Kalla ,  Balaram Sinharoy

IPC分类号： G06F1/32

CPC分类号： G06F9/3017 ,  G06F1/206 ,  G06F1/3203 ,  G06F1/324 ,  G06F1/3287 ,  G06F9/30149 ,  G06F9/3802 ,  G06F9/3851 ,  G06F9/3853 ,  G06F9/3867 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  Y02D10/126 ,  Y02D10/16 ,  Y02D10/171 ,  Y02D50/20

摘要： A microprocessor includes a functional block having dynamic power savings circuitry, a functional block control circuit, and a thermal control unit. The functional block control circuits are capable of altering performance characteristics of their associated functional blocks automatically upon detecting an over temperature condition. The thermal control unit receives an over-temperature signal indicating a processor temperature exceeding a threshold and invokes the one or more of the functional block control units in response to the signal. The functional block control units respond to signals from the thermal control unit by reducing processor activity, slowing processor performance, or both. The reduced activity that results causes the dynamic power saving circuitry to engage. The functional block control units can throttle performance by numerous means including reducing the exploitable parallelism within the processor, suspending out-of-order execution, reducing effective resource size, and the like.

摘要翻译： 微处理器包括具有动态功率节省电路的功能块，功能块控制电路和热控制单元。 功能块控制电路能够在检测到过温度条件时自动改变其相关功能块的性能特性。 热控制单元接收指示处理器温度超过阈值的过温度信号，并响应于该信号调用一个或多个功能块控制单元。 功能块控制单元通过减少处理器活动，降低处理器性能或两者来响应来自热控制单元的信号。 导致动态省电电路参与的活动减少。 功能块控制单元可以通过多种方式来抑制性能，包括减少处理器内可利用的并行性，暂停无序执行，减少有效的资源大小等。