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    BREATH-BASED SENSORS FOR NON-INVASIVE MOLECULAR DETECTION
    2.
    发明申请
    BREATH-BASED SENSORS FOR NON-INVASIVE MOLECULAR DETECTION 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20080314116A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-25

    申请号：US12192050

    申请日：2008-08-14

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    IPC: G01N33/497

    CPC classification number: G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/4972 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2250/00 ,  Y10S436/90

    Abstract: A method of diagnosing the health of an individual by collecting a breath sample from the individual and measuring the amount of each of a plurality of analytes in the sample. The amount of each analytes is measured by fitting a time response curve of a sample-evaluation fuel cell in which the fuel cell sample electrode is contacted with the sample with the analysis based on a function of standard time response curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the analytes on a fuel cell with equivalent construction as sample-evaluation fuel cell. Each of the plurality of analytes is generally indicative of an aspect of the individual's health. Suitable analytes include, for example, inorganic compounds as well as compositions that exhibit negative reduction reactions at least for a portion of the time response curve. In particular, acetone exhibits a negative potential/current peak when it is an analyte in a fuel cell in an sample electrode with a counter electrode exposed to oxygen, which may or may not be introduced in the form of air. Various forms of analysis to estimate acetone concentrations in the breath can be used.

    Breath-based sensors for non-invasive molecular detection
    3.
    发明授权
    Breath-based sensors for non-invasive molecular detection 有权
    基于呼吸的传感器用于非侵入性分子检测

    公开(公告)号：US07421882B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-09-09

    申请号：US11305799

    申请日：2005-12-16

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    IPC: G01N1/22

    CPC classification number: G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/4972 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2250/00 ,  Y10S436/90

    Abstract: A method of diagnosing the health of an individual by collecting a breath sample from the individual and measuring the amount of each of a plurality of analytes in the sample. The amount of each analytes is measured by fitting a time response curve of a sample-evaluation fuel cell in which the fuel cell sample electrode is contacted with the sample with the analysis based on a function of standard time response curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the analytes on a fuel cell with equivalent construction as sample-evaluation fuel cell. Each of the plurality of analytes is generally indicative of an aspect of the individual's health. Suitable analytes include, for example, inorganic compounds as well as compositions that exhibit negative reduction reactions at least for a portion of the time response curve. In particular, acetone exhibits a negative potential/current peak when it is an analyte in a fuel cell in an sample electrode with a counter electrode exposed to oxygen, which may or may not be introduced in the form of air. Various forms of analysis to estimate acetone concentrations in the breath can be used.

    Abstract translation: 一种通过从个体收集呼吸样本并测量样品中多个分析物中的每一个的量来诊断个体健康的方法。 通过根据等效燃料电池配置的标准时间响应曲线的函数，通过拟合燃料电池样品电极与样品接触的样品评价燃料电池的时间响应曲线来测量每种分析物的量 在具有等效结构的燃料电池上的每个分析物分别获得作为样品评价燃料电池。 多个分析物中的每一个通常表示个体健康的一个方面。 合适的分析物包括例如无机化合物以及至少对于时间响应曲线的一部分呈现负还原反应的组合物。 特别是丙酮在样品电极中的分析物处于负电势/电流峰值时，其对置电极暴露于氧气，这可能是或可能不以空气的形式引入。 可以使用各种形式的分析来估计呼吸中的丙酮浓度。

    Multicomponent analysis of volatile organic compositions in vapor samples
    4.
    发明申请
    Multicomponent analysis of volatile organic compositions in vapor samples 有权
    蒸汽样品中挥发性有机成分的多组分分析

    公开(公告)号：US20050214169A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-09-29

    申请号：US11090318

    申请日：2005-03-25

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Luke Haverhals

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Luke Haverhals

    IPC: G01N27/407 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/497 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC classification number: G01N27/407 ,  G01N33/0047 ,  G01N33/497 ,  H01M8/04089

    Abstract: Amounts of volatile organic compositions can be evaluated from vapor samples based on the time dependent response of a fuel cell contacted with the vapor sample at its anode. The time response of the fuel cell signal, e.g., voltage or current, is de-convoluted using a set of standard curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the volatile organic compositions of a fuel cell with an equivalent construction as the sample-evaluation fuel cell. The methodology can be implemented on a system with an appropriate vapor collection device suitable for the particular application. The method and system can be used to analyze breath samples to evaluate ethanol levels or other volatile organic composition. The system can be a breathalyzer, a vehicle interlock, a medical analysis device or a sensor of environmental or industrial interest.

    Abstract translation: 挥发性有机组合物的量可以基于在其阳极处与蒸气样品接触的燃料电池的时间依赖性响应从蒸气样品评估。 燃料电池信号（例如电压或电流）的时间响应使用用于燃料电池的每种挥发性有机组合物分别获得的等效燃料电池配置的一组标准曲线进行去卷积，其具有与 样品评估燃料电池。 该方法可以在适合于特定应用的适当的蒸气收集装置的系统上实现。 该方法和系统可用于分析呼吸样本以评估乙醇水平或其他挥发性有机成分。 该系统可以是呼吸机，车辆联锁装置，医疗分析装置或环境或工业感兴趣的传感器。

    Gradient interface magnetic composites and methods therefor
    6.
    发明授权
    Gradient interface magnetic composites and methods therefor 失效
    梯度界面磁性复合材料及其方法

    公开(公告)号：US06479176B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

    申请号：US09893686

    申请日：2001-06-29

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Lois Anne Zook

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Lois Anne Zook

    IPC: H01M490

    CPC classification number: H01M4/8857 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/025 ,  B03C1/034 ,  B03C1/035 ,  B82Y25/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C23C6/00 ,  C23C24/08 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25D3/54 ,  G21F9/12 ,  H01F1/0027 ,  H01F1/0054 ,  H01F1/009 ,  H01F10/007 ,  H01F41/24 ,  H01F41/26 ,  H01F41/301 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/249 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y10T428/32

    Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different species of materials, for example, transition metal species such as lanthanides and actinides. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities, improved fuel cells, batteries, and oxygen concentrators. Some composites can be used to make a separator for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution. Other composites enable ambient pressure fuel cells having enhanced performance and reduced weight to be produced. Still other composites enable rechargeable batteries to be made that have longer secondary cycle life and improved output power. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.

    Abstract translation: 由于梯度界面，磁性复合材料表现出不同的通量特性。 该复合材料可用于改善燃料电池和电池，并影响不同种类材料的输送和分离，例如过渡金属物质如镧系元素和锕系元素。 可以利用包括分离器，用于引导磁性物质通量的电极，用于实现磁性物质电解的电极，用于引导电解质物质的系统，用于分离具有不同磁化率的颗粒的系统的改进的复合材料来制备各种装置 燃料电池，电池和氧气浓缩器。 一些复合材料可用于制造用于区分两种材料的分离器和用于调节化学物质流动的通量开关。 一些复合材料可以控制化学物种的运输和分配。 其他复合材料能够产生具有增强性能和减轻重量的环境压力的燃料电池。 其他复合材料使得可再生电池具有更长的二次循环寿命和改善的输出功率。 涉及这些复合材料的方法为这些复合材料提供了不同的方法。

    Magnetic composites exhibiting distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces
    7.
    发明授权
    Magnetic composites exhibiting distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces 失效
    磁性复合材料由于梯度界面而具有不同的通量特性

    公开(公告)号：US06322676B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

    申请号：US09047494

    申请日：1998-03-25

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe

    IPC: C25B1104

    CPC classification number: B82Y25/00 ,  B01D39/04 ,  B01D39/06 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/02 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  Y10S204/05 ,  Y10S428/90 ,  Y10T428/32

    Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and effect transport and separation of different species of materials. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, a cell, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities. Some composites can be used to make a dual sensor for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a redox species and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution.

    Abstract translation: 由于梯度界面，磁性复合材料表现出不同的通量特性。 该复合材料可用于改善燃料电池并影响不同材料种类的运输和分离。 可以利用包括隔板，电池，用于引导磁性物质通量的电极，用于实现磁性物质的电解的电极，用于引导电解质物质的系统，用于分离具有不同磁性的颗粒的系统的复合材料来制备各种装置 易感性 一些复合材料可用于制造用于区分两种材料的双重传感器和用于调节氧化还原物质和通量开关的流量开关以调节化学物质的流动的通量开关。 一些复合材料可以控制化学物种的运输和分配。

    Carbon dioxide reduction and carbon compound electrochemistry in the presence of lanthanides
    9.
    发明授权
    Carbon dioxide reduction and carbon compound electrochemistry in the presence of lanthanides 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10774430B2

    公开(公告)日：2020-09-15

    申请号：US15724481

    申请日：2017-10-04

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Nadeesha P. W. Rathuwadu

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Nadeesha P. W. Rathuwadu

    IPC: C25B3/04 ,  H01M8/1016 ,  C25B3/00 ,  C25B1/00 ,  C25B9/08 ,  H01M8/18 ,  C25B9/06

    Abstract: Electrochemically reacting C-1 compounds including carbon dioxide, formic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, carbon monoxide in the presence of at least one lanthanide and/or at least one actinide. Reducing carbon dioxide or reacting C-1 compounds such as HCOOH (formic acid), HCHO (formaldehyde), CH3OH (methanol), or CO (carbon monoxide) with use of an electrochemical device, wherein the device comprises at least one cathode, and at least one anode, and at least one electrolyte between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte comprises at least one lanthanide and/or actinide compound. The electrode can be modified with a film such as an ionically conducting or ionically permeable film, optionally comprising a magnetic material. Polar organic solvent such as acetonitrile can be used. Electrocatalysis and/or reaction mediation is observed. Devices can be adapted to carry out the methods. The device can be part of a fuel cell, a battery, an electrolyzer, or an electrosynthetic device.

    Methods for determining electron transfer rates in metalloproteins
    10.
    发明授权
    Methods for determining electron transfer rates in metalloproteins 失效
    确定金属蛋白中电子传递速率的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07691638B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-06

    申请号：US10406000

    申请日：2003-04-03

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Shelley D. Minteer

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Shelley D. Minteer

    IPC: G01N33/20

    CPC classification number: C12Q1/26

    Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for determining electron transfer rates in systems involving metalloproteins. Metalloprotein/substrate electron transfer rates as well as metalloprotein self exchange rates may be modeled. Such electron transfer rates are useful in smart drug design and enzyme engineering.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及确定涉及金属蛋白的系统中的电子传递速率的方法。 金属蛋白/底物电子传递速率以及金属蛋白自身交换率可以被建模。 这种电子传递速率在智能药物设计和酶工程中是有用的。

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