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    Self-hydrating membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
    1.
    发明授权
    Self-hydrating membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells 有权
    用于燃料电池的自我保湿膜电极组件

    公开(公告)号：US08227134B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-24

    申请号：US10684802

    申请日：2003-10-15

    申请人： Johna Leddy ,  Wayne L. Gellett ,  Drew C. Dunwoody

    发明人： Johna Leddy ,  Wayne L. Gellett ,  Drew C. Dunwoody

    IPC分类号： H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0284 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M8/1051 ,  H01M8/1067 ,  H01M8/1088 ,  H01M8/109 ,  H01M8/1093 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： Disclosed are self-hydrating membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), including MEAs that have been magnetically modified, which comprises (i) a cathode comprising an electrically conducting material having a catalytic material on at least a portion of a first surface thereof, the catalytic material comprising an effective amount of at least one catalyst component and at least one ion conducting material; (ii) a separator adjacent to and in substantial contact with the first surface of the cathode and comprising an ion conducting material; and (iii) an anode adjacent to and in substantial contact with the surface of the separator opposite the cathode and comprising an electrically conducting material having a catalytic material on at least a portion of a surface thereof adjacent to the separator, the catalytic material comprising an effective amount of at least one catalyst component and at least one ion conducting material; wherein the separator permits water to pass from the first surface of the cathode to the surface of the anode in an amount sufficient to sustain hydration of the anode and further wherein the cathode produces sufficient water to sustain hydration of the anode. Also disclosed are methods of manufacture of the self-hydrating MEAs, as well as fuel cells that require only a self-hydrating MEA and a source of fuel.

    摘要翻译： 公开了包括已被磁性修饰的MEA的自我保湿膜电极组件（MEA），其包括（i）包括在其第一表面的至少一部分上具有催化材料的导电材料的阴极，催化材料 包含有效量的至少一种催化剂组分和至少一种离子传导材料; （ii）与阴极的第一表面相邻并基本接触并且包括离子导电材料的隔板; 和（iii）与隔板相对的与阴极相对并基本接触的阳极，并且包括在与隔板相邻的表面的至少一部分上具有催化材料的导电材料，所述催化材料包括 有效量的至少一种催化剂组分和至少一种离子导电材料; 其中所述分离器允许水以足以维持所述阳极水合的量从所述阴极的所述第一表面传递到所述阳极的表面，并且其中所述阴极产生足够的水以维持所述阳极的水合。 还公开了制造自保湿MEA的方法以及仅需要自身水合MEA和燃料源的燃料电池。

    Magnetic materials and metallic particles and methods of making same
    4.
    发明授权
    Magnetic materials and metallic particles and methods of making same 失效
    磁性材料和金属颗粒及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US07585543B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-09-08

    申请号：US10363996

    申请日：2001-06-19

    申请人： Johna Leddy ,  Shelley D. Minteer ,  Wayne L. Gellett

    发明人： Johna Leddy ,  Shelley D. Minteer ,  Wayne L. Gellett

    IPC分类号： B05D7/14

    CPC分类号： B22F1/0062 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B22F1/02 ,  B22F2001/0066 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  H01F1/0027 ,  H01F1/0552 ,  H01F1/0572 ,  H01F1/112 ,  H01F1/20 ,  H01F1/36 ,  H01F41/16 ,  H01M4/8647 ,  H01M4/8817 ,  H01M4/9041 ,  Y10T428/2991 ,  Y10T428/2993

    摘要： New magnetic materials and new metallic particles, new methods of making and using same, for example, to prepare magnetically modified electrodes and fuel cells, and coated metallic particles in general. The present invention discloses methods of preparation of cheaper and more uniformly sized magnetic and metallic microparticles formed from the exemplary materials magnetite, nickel, samarium cobalt and neodymium iron boron. In addition, the present invention discloses methodology for preparation and use of coated magnetic and metallic microparticles, in particular, exemplary siloxyl coating of magnetic particles, metallic particles, and magnetic and metallic microparticles with an exemplary silane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, that is cross linked thereon. In addition, methods and results are described for preparing and using larger siloxyl coated samarium cobalt milliparticles. Coated magnetic milliparticles and magnetic microparticles are useful as component of composites that are applied to electrodes to alter electrochemical fluxes across those electrodes, as well as to alter chemical reactions on surfaces of those electrodes, when magnetically susceptible reactions occur there.

    摘要翻译： 新的磁性材料和新的金属颗粒，新的制造和使用它们的方法，例如制备磁性改性的电极和燃料电池，以及一般涂覆的金属颗粒。 本发明公开了制备由示例性材料磁铁矿，镍，钐钴和钕铁硼形成的更便宜和更均匀尺寸的磁性和金属微粒的方法。 此外，本发明公开了用于制备和使用涂覆的磁性和金属微粒的方法，特别是具有示例性硅烷，3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷的磁性颗粒，金属颗粒和磁性和金属微粒的示例性硅氧烷涂层，其是交联的 上。 此外，描述了制备和使用较大的含有硅氧烷的涂覆的钐钴微粒的方法和结果。 涂覆的磁性微粒和磁性微粒可用作复合材料的组分，其用于电极以改变跨过这些电极的电化学通量，并且当磁性敏感反应发生在那里时，改变这些电极的表面上的化学反应。

    BREATH-BASED SENSORS FOR NON-INVASIVE MOLECULAR DETECTION
    6.
    发明申请
    BREATH-BASED SENSORS FOR NON-INVASIVE MOLECULAR DETECTION 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20080314116A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-25

    申请号：US12192050

    申请日：2008-08-14

    申请人： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    发明人： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    IPC分类号： G01N33/497

    CPC分类号： G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/4972 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2250/00 ,  Y10S436/90

    摘要： A method of diagnosing the health of an individual by collecting a breath sample from the individual and measuring the amount of each of a plurality of analytes in the sample. The amount of each analytes is measured by fitting a time response curve of a sample-evaluation fuel cell in which the fuel cell sample electrode is contacted with the sample with the analysis based on a function of standard time response curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the analytes on a fuel cell with equivalent construction as sample-evaluation fuel cell. Each of the plurality of analytes is generally indicative of an aspect of the individual's health. Suitable analytes include, for example, inorganic compounds as well as compositions that exhibit negative reduction reactions at least for a portion of the time response curve. In particular, acetone exhibits a negative potential/current peak when it is an analyte in a fuel cell in an sample electrode with a counter electrode exposed to oxygen, which may or may not be introduced in the form of air. Various forms of analysis to estimate acetone concentrations in the breath can be used.

    Breath-based sensors for non-invasive molecular detection
    7.
    发明授权
    Breath-based sensors for non-invasive molecular detection 有权
    基于呼吸的传感器用于非侵入性分子检测

    公开(公告)号：US07421882B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-09-09

    申请号：US11305799

    申请日：2005-12-16

    申请人： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    发明人： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    IPC分类号： G01N1/22

    CPC分类号： G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/4972 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2250/00 ,  Y10S436/90

    摘要： A method of diagnosing the health of an individual by collecting a breath sample from the individual and measuring the amount of each of a plurality of analytes in the sample. The amount of each analytes is measured by fitting a time response curve of a sample-evaluation fuel cell in which the fuel cell sample electrode is contacted with the sample with the analysis based on a function of standard time response curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the analytes on a fuel cell with equivalent construction as sample-evaluation fuel cell. Each of the plurality of analytes is generally indicative of an aspect of the individual's health. Suitable analytes include, for example, inorganic compounds as well as compositions that exhibit negative reduction reactions at least for a portion of the time response curve. In particular, acetone exhibits a negative potential/current peak when it is an analyte in a fuel cell in an sample electrode with a counter electrode exposed to oxygen, which may or may not be introduced in the form of air. Various forms of analysis to estimate acetone concentrations in the breath can be used.

    摘要翻译： 一种通过从个体收集呼吸样本并测量样品中多个分析物中的每一个的量来诊断个体健康的方法。 通过根据等效燃料电池配置的标准时间响应曲线的函数，通过拟合燃料电池样品电极与样品接触的样品评价燃料电池的时间响应曲线来测量每种分析物的量 在具有等效结构的燃料电池上的每个分析物分别获得作为样品评价燃料电池。 多个分析物中的每一个通常表示个体健康的一个方面。 合适的分析物包括例如无机化合物以及至少对于时间响应曲线的一部分呈现负还原反应的组合物。 特别是丙酮在样品电极中的分析物处于负电势/电流峰值时，其对置电极暴露于氧气，这可能是或可能不以空气的形式引入。 可以使用各种形式的分析来估计呼吸中的丙酮浓度。

    Multicomponent analysis of volatile organic compositions in vapor samples
    8.
    发明申请
    Multicomponent analysis of volatile organic compositions in vapor samples 有权
    蒸汽样品中挥发性有机成分的多组分分析

    公开(公告)号：US20050214169A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-09-29

    申请号：US11090318

    申请日：2005-03-25

    申请人： Johna Leddy ,  Luke Haverhals

    发明人： Johna Leddy ,  Luke Haverhals

    IPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/497 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N33/0047 ,  G01N33/497 ,  H01M8/04089

    摘要： Amounts of volatile organic compositions can be evaluated from vapor samples based on the time dependent response of a fuel cell contacted with the vapor sample at its anode. The time response of the fuel cell signal, e.g., voltage or current, is de-convoluted using a set of standard curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the volatile organic compositions of a fuel cell with an equivalent construction as the sample-evaluation fuel cell. The methodology can be implemented on a system with an appropriate vapor collection device suitable for the particular application. The method and system can be used to analyze breath samples to evaluate ethanol levels or other volatile organic composition. The system can be a breathalyzer, a vehicle interlock, a medical analysis device or a sensor of environmental or industrial interest.

    摘要翻译： 挥发性有机组合物的量可以基于在其阳极处与蒸气样品接触的燃料电池的时间依赖性响应从蒸气样品评估。 燃料电池信号（例如电压或电流）的时间响应使用用于燃料电池的每种挥发性有机组合物分别获得的等效燃料电池配置的一组标准曲线进行去卷积，其具有与 样品评估燃料电池。 该方法可以在适合于特定应用的适当的蒸气收集装置的系统上实现。 该方法和系统可用于分析呼吸样本以评估乙醇水平或其他挥发性有机成分。 该系统可以是呼吸机，车辆联锁装置，医疗分析装置或环境或工业感兴趣的传感器。

    Gradient interface magnetic composites and methods therefor
    10.
    发明授权
    Gradient interface magnetic composites and methods therefor 失效
    梯度界面磁性复合材料及其方法

    公开(公告)号：US06479176B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

    申请号：US09893686

    申请日：2001-06-29

    申请人： Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Lois Anne Zook

    发明人： Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Lois Anne Zook

    IPC分类号： H01M490

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8857 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/025 ,  B03C1/034 ,  B03C1/035 ,  B82Y25/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C23C6/00 ,  C23C24/08 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25D3/54 ,  G21F9/12 ,  H01F1/0027 ,  H01F1/0054 ,  H01F1/009 ,  H01F10/007 ,  H01F41/24 ,  H01F41/26 ,  H01F41/301 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/249 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y10T428/32

    摘要： Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different species of materials, for example, transition metal species such as lanthanides and actinides. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities, improved fuel cells, batteries, and oxygen concentrators. Some composites can be used to make a separator for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution. Other composites enable ambient pressure fuel cells having enhanced performance and reduced weight to be produced. Still other composites enable rechargeable batteries to be made that have longer secondary cycle life and improved output power. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.

    摘要翻译： 由于梯度界面，磁性复合材料表现出不同的通量特性。 该复合材料可用于改善燃料电池和电池，并影响不同种类材料的输送和分离，例如过渡金属物质如镧系元素和锕系元素。 可以利用包括分离器，用于引导磁性物质通量的电极，用于实现磁性物质电解的电极，用于引导电解质物质的系统，用于分离具有不同磁化率的颗粒的系统的改进的复合材料来制备各种装置 燃料电池，电池和氧气浓缩器。 一些复合材料可用于制造用于区分两种材料的分离器和用于调节化学物质流动的通量开关。 一些复合材料可以控制化学物种的运输和分配。 其他复合材料能够产生具有增强性能和减轻重量的环境压力的燃料电池。 其他复合材料使得可再生电池具有更长的二次循环寿命和改善的输出功率。 涉及这些复合材料的方法为这些复合材料提供了不同的方法。