公开(公告)号：US3996120A

公开(公告)日：1976-12-07

申请号：US648346

申请日：1976-01-12

申请人： Samuel M. Freund ,  Joseph J. Ritter

发明人： Samuel M. Freund ,  Joseph J. Ritter

IPC分类号： B01D59/34 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J1/10 ,  C01B35/06

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  B01D59/34 ,  Y10S423/07

摘要： A boron trichloride starting material containing both boron-10 isotopes andoron-11 isotopes is selectively enriched in one or the other of these isotopes by a laser-induced photochemical method involving the reaction of laser-excited boron trichloride with either H.sub.2 S or D.sub.2 S. The method is carried out by subjecting a low pressure gaseous mixture of boron trichloride starting material and the sulfide to infrared radiation from a carbon dioxide TE laser. The wave length of the radiation is selected so as to selectively excite one or the other of boron-10 BCl.sub.3 molecules or boron-11 BCl.sub.3 molecules, thereby making them preferentially more reactive with the sulfide. The laser-induced reaction produces both a boron-containing solid phase reaction product and a gaseous phase containing mostly unreacted BCl.sub.3 and small amounts of sulfhydroboranes. Pure boron trichloride selectively enriched in one of the isotopes is recovered as the primary product of the method from the gaseous phase by a multi-step recovery procedure. Pure boron trichloride enriched in the other isotope is recovered as a secondary product of the method by the subsequent chlorination of the solid phase reaction product followed by separation of BCl.sub.3 from the mixture of gaseous products resulting from the chlorination.

摘要翻译： 含有硼-10同位素和硼-11同位素的三氯化硼原料通过激光诱导的光化学方法选择性地富集在这些同位素中的一种或另一种中，所述光化学方法涉及激光激发的三氯化硼与H2S或D2S的反应。 该方法通过使三氯化硼起始材料和硫化物的低压气体混合物经受来自二氧化碳TE激光的红外辐射来进行。 选择辐射的波长以选择性地激发硼-10BCl 3分子或硼-11BCl 3分子中的一个或另一个，从而使它们优先与硫化物更具反应性。 激光诱导反应产生含硼固相反应产物和大部分未反应的BCl 3和少量磺基氢硼烷的气相。 选择性富集一种同位素的纯三氯化硼通过多步骤回收方法从气相中回收作为该方法的主要产物。 通过随后氯化固相反应产物，然后从氯化得到的气态产物的混合物中分离BCl3，回收富含另一同位素的纯三氯化硼作为该方法的次要产物。

公开(公告)号：US5458867A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-17

申请号：US303693

申请日：1994-09-09

申请人： Joseph J. Ritter

发明人： Joseph J. Ritter

IPC分类号： C01B19/00 ,  C04B35/515 ,  C01B19/04 ,  C01G29/00 ,  C22C28/00

CPC分类号： C01B19/007 ,  C04B35/515 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/80 ,  C01P2006/80 ,  C01P2006/82

摘要： A process for producing bismuth telluride including dissolving tellurium to form a first solution; heating the first solution to approximately 70.degree. C.; stirring the first solution; slowly and quantatively adding an amount of bismuth trioxide (Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3) to produce a Bi/Te second solution wherein the ratio of Bi: Te=2:3; cooling the second solution to approximately 25.degree. C.; preparing a solution of concentrated aqueous ammonia and distilled water; adding the solution of aqueous ammonia and distilled water dropwise to the second solution at approximately 25.degree. C. to form a third solution; rapidly stirring the third solution to produce a precipitate therefrom; separating the precipitate from the third solution by centrifugation; washing the separated precipitate in distilled water; drying the washed precipitate in air to produce a Bi.sub.2 Te.sub.3 O.sub.9.xH.sub.2 O, where x=1, precursor powder; heating predetermined quantities of the dried precursor powder to 250.degree. C.-275.degree. C., and exposing the heated precursor powder to flowing hydrogen at 1 atmosphere pressure for a period in the range of 3 to 12 hours to produce a final black powder of bismuth telluride.

摘要翻译： 一种生产碲化铋的方法，包括溶解碲以形成第一溶液; 将第一溶液加热至约70℃。 搅拌第一溶液; 缓慢地并定量地加入一定量的三氧化铋（Bi 2 O 3）以产生Bi:Te = 2:3的Bi / Te第二溶液; 将第二溶液冷却至约25℃。 制备浓氨水和蒸馏水的溶液; 在约25℃下将氨水和蒸馏水滴加到第二溶液中以形成第三溶液; 迅速搅拌第三溶液以从其中产生沉淀物; 通过离心从第三溶液中分离出沉淀物; 在蒸馏水中洗涤分离的沉淀物; 在空气中干燥洗涤的沉淀物以产生Bi2Te3O9.xH2O，其中x = 1，前体粉末; 将预定量的干燥的前体粉末加热到250-275℃，并将加热的前体粉末在1个大气压下暴露于流动的氢气中3至12小时的时间，以产生最终的黑色粉末 碲化铋

公开(公告)号：US5316699A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US501981

申请日：1990-03-28

申请人： Joseph J. Ritter ,  Robert D. Shull

发明人： Joseph J. Ritter ,  Robert D. Shull

IPC分类号： C08K3/08 ,  G11B11/105 ,  H01F1/00 ,  G02B5/20 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C08L83/00

CPC分类号： B82Y25/00 ,  C08K3/08 ,  G11B11/10582 ,  H01F1/0063 ,  H01F1/0009

摘要： A chemical process for producing bulk quantities of an iron-silica gel composite in which particle size, form, and magnetic state of the iron can be selected. The process involves polymerizing an ethanolic solution of tetraethylorthosilicate, ferric nitrate and water at low temperature under the influence of an HF catalyst. The chemical and magnetic states of the iron in the resultant composite are modified in situ by exposure to suitable oxidizing or reducing agents at temperatures under 400.degree. C. Iron-containing particles of less than 200 .ANG. diameter, homogeneously dispersed in silica matrices may be prepared in paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic states.

摘要翻译： 用于生产大量铁 - 硅胶复合物的化学方法，其中可以选择铁的粒度，形式和磁状态。 该方法包括在低温下在HF催化剂的作用下聚合原硅酸四乙酯，硝酸铁和水的乙醇溶液。 通过在400℃以下的温度下暴露于合适的氧化剂或还原剂，所得复合材料中铁的化学和磁性状态就地被改性。可以制备均匀分散在二氧化硅基质中的直径小于200的含铁颗粒 顺磁，超顺磁，亚铁磁和铁磁状态。

公开(公告)号：US4606906A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-19

申请号：US671539

申请日：1984-11-15

申请人： Joseph J. Ritter ,  Robert S. Roth ,  Taki Negas

发明人： Joseph J. Ritter ,  Robert S. Roth ,  Taki Negas

IPC分类号： C01G23/00 ,  C04B35/468 ,  C01G23/04 ,  C04B35/46

CPC分类号： C01G23/006 ,  C04B35/4686 ,  C01P2002/02 ,  C01P2006/36

摘要： A process for producing any desired Ba/Ti mixture to be formulated as an amorphous solid which crystallizes at very low temperatures to yield a desired phase or phases is disclosed. The process yields products free of undesirable impurities and allows macroscopic production of certain phases in the baria-titania system, having exceptional high frequency dielectric properties, that were previously unattainable through solid-state high temperature production techniques.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制备待配制成非晶态固体的任何所需Ba / Ti混合物的方法，该非晶态固体在非常低的温度下结晶以产生所需的相或相。 该方法产生的产品不含不需要的杂质，并允许宏观生产在奥比亚 - 二氧化钛系统中的某些相，具有出众的高频介电特性，以前是通过固态高温生产技术无法实现的。

公开(公告)号：US5077265A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-31

申请号：US622155

申请日：1990-11-30

申请人： Joseph J. Ritter

发明人： Joseph J. Ritter

IPC分类号： C01B13/18 ,  C01G29/00 ,  C04B35/45

CPC分类号： C01G29/006 ,  C01B13/185 ,  C04B35/45 ,  C01P2006/32 ,  C01P2006/40 ,  C01P2006/42 ,  C01P2006/60 ,  Y10S505/738

摘要： A co-precipitation synthesis of precursors to bismuth-containing ceramic superconducting materials is disclosed in which bismuth and at least one other approrpiate metal are dissolved in a non-aqueous acidic solvent, which are then recovered as a homogeneous dry powder. The mixed metal salts are co-precipitated from aqueous solution in the form of the corresponding homogeneous hydroxycarbonate precursor mixture by reaction with either sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate. The homogeneous precursor may be then converted to the BiCuSrCuO.sub.x ceramic by calcining the mixed hydroxycarbonate to a powder, compressing said powder into a green compact, sintering said green compact at a temperature of at least 750.degree. C., and cooling the ceramic material so produced at a controlled rate, preferably about 50.degree. C./minute.

摘要翻译： 公开了含铋陶瓷超导材料的前体的共沉淀合成法，其中将铋和至少一种其它邻接金属溶解在非水性酸性溶剂中，然后将其作为均匀的干燥粉末回收。 通过与碳酸钠或碳酸钾反应，将混合的金属盐以相应的均匀羟基碳酸酯前体混合物的形式从水溶液中共沉淀。 然后将均匀前体转化成BiCuSrCuOx陶瓷，通过将混合的羟基碳酸酯煅烧成粉末，将所述粉末压制成生坯，在至少750℃的温度下烧结所述生坯，并冷却如此生产的陶瓷材料 优选约50℃/分钟。

公开(公告)号：US5001001A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-19

申请号：US411984

申请日：1989-09-25

申请人： Joseph J. Ritter

发明人： Joseph J. Ritter

IPC分类号： B22F3/11 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C04B38/00 ,  C22C1/05 ,  C23C8/80

CPC分类号： B22F3/1143 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C04B38/0025 ,  C22C1/056 ,  C23C8/80 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  Y10T428/24992 ,  Y10T428/249961 ,  Y10T428/249968 ,  Y10T428/249969 ,  Y10T428/24997

摘要： A method of forming a ceramic monolith comprises exposing a pre-formed metal substrate to a NaCl filtered continuous wave laser beam of about 50 to 100 W power and about 80 to 315 W/cm.sup.2 power density in an atmosphere of a gas desired to react with the metal, allowing for the gas to diffuse into the metal substrate at a temperature effective to permit reaction thereof to form the ceramic monolith, and cooling the monolith.

摘要翻译： 一种形成陶瓷整料的方法包括将预成形的金属基底暴露于所需的气体气氛中约50至100W功率和约80至315W / cm 2功率密度的NaCl过滤的连续波激光束， 金属，允许气体以有效使其反应形成陶瓷整料的温度扩散到金属基底中，并冷却整料。

公开(公告)号：US4606902A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-19

申请号：US783503

申请日：1985-10-03

申请人： Joseph J. Ritter

发明人： Joseph J. Ritter

IPC分类号： C01B31/30 ,  C01B31/36 ,  C01B35/04 ,  C04B35/52 ,  C04B35/58

CPC分类号： C01B31/30 ,  C01B31/305 ,  C01B31/36 ,  C01B35/04

摘要： Refractory borides or carbides are prepared by contacting an alkali-metal ducible metal chloride or silicon tetrachloride with boron trichloride or carbon tetrachloride in an inert solvent in the presence of an alkali metal, the metal chloride or silicon tetrachloride and the boron trichloride or carbon tetrachloride being present in an amount about stoichiometrically equivalent to the boride or carbide to be prepared and the alkali metal being present in an amount about stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of chloride in the metal chloride or silicon tetrachloride and the boron trichloride or carbon tetrachloride, until all chloride present has reacted with the alkali metal to form alkali metal chloride, separating the inert solvent to leave a solid residue containing a metal boride, silicon carbide or metal carbide precursor together with the alkali metal chloride, and calcining the residue while separating the alkali metal chloride until the precursor is converted to the refractory boride or carbide.

摘要翻译： 耐碱性硼化物或碳化物是通过使碱金属可还原金属氯化物或四氯化硅与三氯化硼或四氯化碳在惰性溶剂中在碱金属，金属氯化物或四氯化硅和三氯化硼或四氯化碳的存在下接触来制备的 以与化学计量等效于待制备的硼化物或碳化物的量存在，并且碱金属以大约化学计量等同于氯化金属或四氯化硅和三氯化硼或四氯化碳中的氯化物的量存在，直到所有氯化物 存在与碱金属反应形成碱金属氯化物，分离惰性溶剂以留下含有金属硼化物，碳化硅或金属碳化物前体的固体残余物与碱金属氯化物，并在分离碱金属氯化物的同时煅烧残余物 直到前体被转化为re 分形硼化物或碳化物。

公开(公告)号：US4025406A

公开(公告)日：1977-05-24

申请号：US652911

申请日：1976-01-28

申请人： Michel Lamotte ,  Harry J. Dewey ,  Richard A. Keller ,  Joseph J. Ritter

发明人： Michel Lamotte ,  Harry J. Dewey ,  Richard A. Keller ,  Joseph J. Ritter

IPC分类号： B01D59/34 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J1/10

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  B01D59/34

摘要： An isotopic starting material consisting of a mixture of chlorine-35 and chlorine-37 isotopic species of an isotopic compound having the formula CYClX, wherein Y is O or S and X is Cl or F, such as thiophosgene, is selectively isotopically enriched by means of a laser-induced photochemical reaction between selected chlorine isotopic species in the starting material and a dialkoxyethylene, such as diethoxyethylene. The method is carried out by irradiating with laser radiation, a gaseous mixture at a reduced pressure of the isotopic starting material and the dialkoxyethylene, until a stable reaction product is formed. The wavelength of the radiation is selected so as to selectively excite at least one but less than all of the chlorine isotopic species in the starting material, thereby causing the excited species to preferentially react with the dialkoxyethylene. The resulting reaction product is readily separable from the reaction mixture thereby leaving unreacted isotopic starting material selectively enriched in the unexcited chlorine isotopic species.

摘要翻译： 由具有式CYClX的同位素化合物的氯-35和氯-37同位素物质的混合物组成的同位素原料，其中Y为O或S，X为Cl或F如硫光气，通过方法选择性同位素富集 在原料中选择的氯同位素物质和二烷氧基乙烯如二乙氧基乙烯之间的激光诱导的光化学反应。 该方法通过在同位素原料和二烷氧基乙烯的减压下用激光辐射气态混合物照射进行，直至形成稳定的反应产物。 选择辐射的波长以选择性地激发起始材料中的至少一种但是比所有的氯同位素物质，从而使被激发的物质优先与二烷氧基乙烯反应。 得到的反应产物容易与反应混合物分离，从而使未反应的同位素起始物质选择性富集在未反应的氯同位素物质中。