摘要:
A reactor coolant system of a pressurized water nuclear reactor with fuel assemblies in the core is simultaneously shutdown and decontaminated in less than 90 hours after the shutdown is initiated. A LOMI or Can-Derem decontamination reagent is added to reactor coolant to reduce iron and nickel in oxidized coatings before removing dissolved hydrogen and reducing the gamma emitting activity of the reactor coolant.
摘要:
An electromagnetic tagging system is provided for remotely detecting and locating polymeric and other non-conductive structures situated behind barriers, such as underground plastic pipes or containers. The system comprises a fluctuating magnetic field source, a pattern of tags embedded in discrete regions of the wall of the polymeric structure, each tag including an amorphous magnetic metal target for generating a Barkhausen response when exposed to the fluctuating magnetic field source, and a portable detection circuit movable along the ground or other control surface for remotely detecting the Barkhausen response. The amorphous magnetic material in each tag is preferably in the form of a plurality of elongated particles having aspect ratios of at least 3 to 1 and arranged end-to-end. The pattern that the tags are arranged in provide information concerning the identity, orientation, or extent of the structure, and the portable detection circuit is capable of detecting at least two of the tags simultaneously as it is moved over the surface of the ground so that the patterns of the tags may be easily determined.
摘要:
A robotic sampling device (32) for cutting part of a tube wall (12) for sampling, containing a cutting head (36), a retrieval assembly (38) and a drive mechanism (40), is used to cut a window or hole (60) in the tube wall (12) and retrieve the tube wall sample (56), where the sample can be mounted onto a separate tube for testing the physical properties of the cut wall portion, and where a video probe (62) and the like can be passed through the window (60) to monitor conditions near the support plates (14) and tube sheets (16).
摘要:
A differential conductivity sulfate monitor for determining the sulfate concentration of a fluid sample by monitoring the cation conductivity of the fluid sample before and after sulfate has been removed therefrom. The cation conductivities of the fluid sample before and after sulfate has been removed are compared to establish a differential conductivity, and the differential conductivity is used to calculate the sulfate concentration in accordance with a known relationship between a conductivity differential and the sulfate concentration of a fluid sample.
摘要:
A continuous on-line monitor of carbon dioxide dissolved in high purity water includes a cation conductivity cell and associated bridge for measuring first and second cation conductivities at first and second temperature and a heater for heating the sample from the first to the second temperature. A microcomputer calculates first and second concentrations of a fully dissociated acid alone and carbon dioxide alone, respectively, which will produce the first measured cation conductivity at the first temperature and then determines the actual carbon dioxide concentration from the first and second concentrations and the second measured cation conductivity.
摘要:
The invention is a film-riding seal for a pump shaft that is resistant to the deposition of iron oxides such as hematite and goethite on the confronting, spaced apart, seal surfaces. The seal generally comprises a ceramic runner mounted on the pump shaft and an adjacent ceramic stationary sealing ring. The runner has a sealing surface and the stationary sealing ring has sealing surface confronting the runner sealing surface. The ceramic sealing surfaces include a catalyst selected from the group consisting of rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold and mixtures thereof.
摘要:
Process and monitor for detecting the presence of particles in an effluent fluid, which particles emit fluorescent light upon irradiation. As used to monitor ion exchange resin fines in effluent liquid in a steam power plant, there are probe means to inject fluorescence-stimulating light into a volume of the effluent liquid. Detector means are disposed to receive emitted fluorescent light from any particles in the effluent, and there are means actuatable by said detector means for generating a signal to indicate the presence of particles in the effluent.
摘要:
A liquid sample subject to inclusion of impurities is concentrated by a predetermined concentration factor selected by an operator, with the concentrated sample being thereafter provided to an analyzer so that a meaningful chemical analysis may be performed. A first pump delivers the sample to a liquid reservoir at a first rate and the liquid is boiled to provide a liquid-vapor mixture, with the liquid portion of the mixture being returned to the reservoir by means of a vapor separator. Another pump delivers the concentrated reservoir fluid to an analyzer at a second flowrate, with the ratio of the flowrate of the first pump to the second pump being equivalent to the desired concentration factor. In another embodiment, a faster response time is attained by first boiling the input sample and providing the liquid which is separated from the liquid-vapor mixture to a relatively small reservoir.
摘要:
Detectors are used to monitor the status of spent nuclear fuel storage containers non-invasively while they remain in storage casks. The detectors measure neutron flux and &ggr;-ray flux and may also measure temperature variations of the spent nuclear fuel. The measurements can be accomplished actively or passively, with minimal exposure of individuals to radiation fields or other hazardous conditions. Preferred neutron and &ggr;-ray detectors have a semiconductor active region that is resistant to neutron damage. Incipient structural failures may also be detected using measurements based on electrical continuity, with data being transmitted to an external pickup coil.
摘要:
A borated aqueous solution from a nuclear reactor coolant system dilute chemical-decontamination process or from an equipment washing process which has been contaminated with radioactive metals or heavy metals including cobalt, nickel, chromium, iron, manganese, lead or mercury and with a chelating agent, detergent or soap is treated with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the chelating agent, detergent or soap and to precipitate the contaminant metals. The contaminant metals are then separated from the solution by centrifugal filtration, micromembrane belt filtration or magnetic separation. Advantageously, a very small volume of precipitate may then be buried and the decontaminated solution may be recycled or further treated and released for other uses.