摘要:
A copper foil for printed circuits having a rust-preventive and heat-discoloration resistant coat, comprising a first layer of zinc or an alloy or a compound or a composition including zinc mainly, and a second layer including a silane coupling agent and phosphorus or a phosphorus compound, said second layer being positioned on the first layer. A method of producing a copper foil for printed circuits comprising the steps of treating the shiny side of a copper foil in a manner of cathode electrolysis in an alkaline solution including zinc ions and chrome ions, or providing the shiny side of a copper foil with a thin plating layer of zinc or a zinc alloy, and thereafter applying onto the treated surface of the copper foil a solution including a silane coupling agent and phosphorus or a phosphorus compound.
摘要:
A copper foil for printed circuits having a rust-preventive and heat-discoloration resistant coat, comprising a first layer of zinc or an alloy or a compound or a composition including zinc mainly, and a second layer including a silane coupling agent and phosphorus or a phosphorus compound, said second layer being positioned on the first layer. A method of producing a copper foil for printed circuits comprising the steps of treating the shiny side of a copper foil in a manner of cathode electrolysis in an alkaline solution including zinc ions and chrome ions, or providing the shiny side of a copper foil with a thin plating layer of zinc or a zinc alloy, and thereafter applying onto the treated surface of the copper foil a solution including a silane coupling agent and phosphorus or a phosphorus compound.
摘要:
It is an object to provide a microstructure having cylindrical microdomains oriented in the film thickness direction and arranged in a regular pattern, for which a microphase separation phenomenon of a block copolymer is utilized. The process for producing the microstructure includes 2 steps; the first step for arranging, on a substrate (40), a polymer layer at least containing a block copolymer having a first block which constitutes a continuous phase (10) of the microstructure (30) and a second block which constitutes microdomains (20) dispersed in the continuous phase (10) and oriented in the thickness direction; and second step for thermally treating the substrate (40) at a neutral temperature (Tn), at which a first material (A) and second material (B) which constitute the respective first and second blocks have substantially the same interfacial tension with the substrate (40) surface (X).
摘要:
A polymer thin film in which cylindrical phases are distributed in a continuous phase and are oriented in a pass-through-direction of the film includes at least: a first block copolymer including at least a block chain A1, as a component of the continuous phase, composed of polymerized monomers a1, and a block chain B1, as a component of the cylindrical phases, composed of polymerized monomers b1; and a second block copolymer including at least a block chain A2, as a component of the continuous phase, composed of polymerized monomers a2, and a block chain B2, as a component of the cylindrical phases, composed of polymerized monomers b2, with the second copolymer having a degree of polymerization different from that of the first copolymer. A film thickness of the polymer thin film and an average center distance between adjacent cylindrical phases have a relation represented by a predetermined expression.
摘要:
An exhaust upstream section (48) of an exhaust apparatus (E) comprises a plurality of branch pipe portions (32), a plurality of intermediate collector pipe portions (33), a final collector pipe portion (34), and an exhaust gas-purifying unit (40). The exhaust gas-purifying unit (40) is disposed on a vehicle-rear side of an engine (1) to allow a gas passage thereinside to extend approximately in vehicle-widthwise direction, in top plan view. Each of the plurality of intermediate collector pipe portions (33) curves to allow an exhaust downstream region of the intermediate collector pipe portion (33) to be oriented toward one side or the other side of the vehicle-widthwise direction, in top plan view, and the final collector pipe portion (34) curves to allow an exhaust downstream region of the final collector pipe portion (34) to be oriented toward a vehicle-front side, in top plan view.
摘要:
A polymer thin film in which cylindrical phases are distributed in a continuous phase and are oriented in a pass-through-direction of the film includes at least: a first block copolymer including at least a block chain A1, as a component of the continuous phase, composed of polymerized monomers a1, and a block chain B1, as a component of the cylindrical phases, composed of polymerized monomers b1; and a second block copolymer including at least a block chain A2, as a component of the continuous phase, composed of polymerized monomers a2, and a block chain B2, as a component of the cylindrical phases, composed of polymerized monomers b2, with the second copolymer having a degree of polymerization different from that of the first copolymer. A film thickness of the polymer thin film and an average center distance between adjacent cylindrical phases have a relation represented by a predetermined expression.
摘要:
A polymer thin film 30 includes a continuous phase 10 primarily composed of polymers of a first monomer 11 and cylindrical microdomains each of which is primarily composed of a polymer of a second monomer 21, the cylindrical microdomains 20 being distributed in the continuous phase 10 and oriented along the penetration direction through the film, wherein the polymer thin film 30 contains block copolymers 31 which include at least respective first segments 12 formed by polymerization of the first monomer 11 and respective second segments 22 formed by polymerization of the second monomer 21, and polymers 13 compatible with the first segments.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a pulse charging method and charging system for use with non-aqueous secondary batteries, employing a pulse charge controlling method all the way from the start to the end of charging. This pulse charging method has an on-duty ratio of pulses in a next specified charge period reduced when an average battery voltage has exceeded a charge control voltage during a specified charge period, has an on-duty ratio of pulses in a next specified charge period increased when the average battery voltage has not exceeded the charge control voltage and has the pulse charging ended when an on-duty ratio of pulses has reached a specified value. The pulse charging system comprises an on-duty ratio reducing means for having an on-duty ratio of pulses reduced, an on-duty ratio increasing means for having an on-duty ratio increased and a means for determining pulse charge ending for having the pulse charging ended when an on-duty ratio of pulses has reached a specified value. Thus, it has become possible to provide a charging system that can be built in a battery pack, is inexpensive, free of heat generation and, in addition, allows the charging time to be reduced.
摘要:
In a pattern data conversion processing system, one-character pattern data generated by a character generator is divided by a shift register into a plurality of basic pattern data. The divided basic pattern data are sequentially subjected to enlargement, 90.degree. conversion or nonrotational conversion by using a 4/3 times elongation conversion ROM, a double elongation/90.degree. conversion ROM and a bypass circuit. The converted one-character data is stored in a one-character ROM and, as such, the one-character pattern data from the one-character ROM is stored by a direct memory access controller (DMAC) into a frame memory. When 180.degree. conversion is designated, the one-character data is subjected to 90.degree. conversion, and the converted data is stored in the frame memory. The pattern data from the frame memory is transferred by the DMAC to a page printer which then prints the transferred data.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a high-molecular thin film having a fine structure from a block-copolymer compound containing a block copolymer A as a main constituent composed of at least a block chain A1 and a block chain A2, and a block copolymer B as an accessory constituent composed of a block chain B1 miscible with a polymeric phase P1 mainly composed of the block chain A1 and a block chain B2 miscible with a polymeric phase P2 mainly composed of the block chain A2, and a substrate having a surface on which the block-copolymer compound is applied and on which a pattern member formed of a second material is discretely arranged to a surface part formed of a first material.