摘要:
An N-vinyl amide polymer is disclosed. The N-vinyl amide polymer is a reaction product of: a monomer component comprising an N-vinyl amide; and a chain transfer agent of the formula: wherein each occurrence of R1 is independently a C1-20 alkylene, a C1-20 heteroalkylene, a C3-20 cycloalkylene, a C3-20 heterocycloalkylene, a C6-20 arylene, or a combination thereof, and R1 is substituted or unsubstituted; R2 is a divalent or multivalent organic group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms; and n is at least 2.
摘要:
An N-vinyl amide polymer is disclosed. The N-vinyl amide polymer is a reaction product of: a monomer component comprising an N-vinyl amide; and a chain transfer agent of the formula:
wherein each occurrence of R1 is independently a C1-20 alkylene, a C1-20 heteroalkylene, a C3-20 cycloalkylene, a C3-20 heterocycloalkylene, a C6-20 arylene, or a combination thereof, and R1 is substituted or unsubstituted; R2 is a divalent or multivalent organic group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms; and n is at least 2.
摘要:
A method and a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium composition used therein for inhibiting retarding, mitigating, reducing, controlling and/or delaying formation of hydrocarbon hydrates or agglomerates of hydrates. The method may be applied to prevent or reduce or mitigate plugging of conduits, pipes, transfer lines, valves, and other places or equipment where hydrocarbon hydrate solids may form under the conditions. At least one quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compound is added into the process stream, where the compound may be mixed with another compound selected from other amino alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or sulphonium salts, betaines, amine oxides, amides, simple amine salts, and combinations thereof.
摘要:
A method and an ester composition used therein for inhibiting, retarding, mitigating, reducing, controlling and/or delaying formation of hydrocarbon hydrates or agglomerates of hydrates. The method may be applied to prevent, reduce or mitigate plugging of conduits, pipes, transfer lines, valves, and other places or equipment where hydrocarbon hydrate solids may form under the conditions. At least one ester compound is added into the process stream, where the compound may be mixed with another compound selected from other amino alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or sulphonium salts, betaines, amine oxides, amides, simple amine salts, and combinations thereof.
摘要:
A method and an ester composition used therein for inhibiting, retarding, mitigating, reducing, controlling and/or delaying formation of hydrocarbon hydrates or agglomerates of hydrates. The method may be applied to prevent or reduce or mitigate plugging of conduits, pipes, transfer lines, valves, and other places or equipment where hydrocarbon hydrate solids may form under the conditions. At least one ester compound is added into the process stream, where the compound may be mixed with another compound selected from other amino alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or sulphonium salts, betaines, amine oxides, amides, simple amine salts, and combinations thereof.
摘要:
A method and a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium composition used therein for inhibiting retarding, mitigating, reducing, controlling and/or delaying formation of hydrocarbon hydrates or agglomerates of hydrates. The method may be applied to prevent or reduce or mitigate plugging of conduits, pipes, transfer lines, valves, and other places or equipment where hydrocarbon hydrate solids may form under the conditions. At least one quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compound is added into the process stream, where the compound may be mixed with another compound selected from other amino alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or sulphonium salts, betaines, amine oxides, amides, simple amine salts, and combinations thereof.
摘要:
Discussed is a process for preventing clathrate hydrate masses from detrimentally impeding the possible flow of a fluid susceptible to clathrate hydrate formation. The process is particularly useful in the natural gas and petroleum production, transportation and processing industry where gas hydrate formation can cause serious problems. Additives preferably contain one or more five member, six member and/or seven member cyclic chemical groupings. Additives include polymers having lactam rings. Additives can also contain polyelectrolytes that are believed to improve conformance of polymer additives through steric hinderance and/or charge repulsion. Also, polymers having an amide on which a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 group is attached to the nitrogen and/or the carbonyl carbon of the amide may be used alone, or in combination with ring-containing polymers for enhanced effectiveness. Polymers having at least some repeating units representative of polymerizing at least one of an oxazoline, an N-substituted acrylamide and an N-vinyl alkyl amide are preferred.
摘要:
A method and an amide composition used therein for inhibiting, retarding, mitigating, reducing, controlling and/or delaying formation of hydrocarbon hydrates or agglomerates of hydrates. The method may be applied to prevent or reduce or mitigate plugging of conduits, pipes, transfer lines, valves, and other places or equipment where hydrocarbon hydrate solids may form under the conditions. At least one amide compound is added into the process stream, where the compound may be mixed with another compound selected from amino alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or sulphonium salts, betaines, amine oxides, other amides, simple amine salts, and combinations thereof.
摘要:
A chloride free amphoteric surfactant obtained by reacting an amine with a carbonyl compound, the amphoteric surfactant being particularly useful as a foamer for treating gas wells to enhance production.
摘要:
A method and a betaine or amine oxide composition used therein for inhibiting, retarding, mitigating, reducing, controlling and/or delaying formation of hydrocarbon hydrates or agglomerates of hydrates. The method may be applied to prevent or reduce or mitigate plugging of conduits, pipes, transfer lines, valves, and other places or equipment where hydrocarbon hydrate solids may form under the conditions. At least one betaine or amine oxide compound is added into the process stream, where the compound may be mixed with another compound selected from amino alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or sulphonium salts, amides, simple amine salts, and combinations thereof.