公开(公告)号：US06812708B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

申请号：US10454987

申请日：2003-06-04

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01R2708

CPC分类号： G01N27/16

摘要： A gas detection sensor system including active and reference elements (Rsense, Rref) are arranged in a modified bridge circuit (12, 14, 22, 24) which allows power (Vbat) to be supplied seperately to the active and reference element (Rsense, Rref). A digal processor (30) monitors the resistances of the elements (Rsense, Rref) to control a pulse-width modulator supplying power to the elements, thereby maintaining nearly constant temperatures in the sensor elements (Rsense, Rref) and to translate the decrease in power needed to maintain constant temperature on the catalytic element into an output proportional to the concentration of combutible gas in air. The system periodically measures the resistance of the elements (Rref, Rsense) and enables dual operating modes of catalytic-bead detector. One active or reference element (Rsense, Rref) can alternately measure low concentrations of combustible gases up to the lower explosive limit (LEL) or measure high concentrations, up to 100% by volume.

摘要翻译： 包括有源和参考元件（Rsense，Rref）的气体检测传感器系统布置在修改的桥接电路（12,14,22,24）中，其允许功率（Vbat）被分别提供给有源和参考元件（Rsense， Rref）。 数字处理器（30）监视元件的电阻（Rsense，Rref）以控制向元件提供功率的脉冲宽度调制器，从而在传感器元件（Rsense，Rref）中保持几乎恒定的温度，并且将减小 将催化元件上的恒温保持在与空气中的可燃气体浓度成比例的输出所需的功率。 系统周期性地测量元件的电阻（Rref，Rsense），并启用催化珠检测器的双重工作模式。 一个活性或参考元素（Rsense，Rref）可以交替地测量低浓度的可燃气体，直至爆炸下限（LEL），或测量高达100％体积的高浓度。

公开(公告)号：US4628254A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-09

申请号：US571319

申请日：1984-01-16

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01R13/02 ,  G01R13/22 ,  G01R19/10 ,  G01R29/02 ,  G01R23/16

CPC分类号： G01R13/02 ,  G01R13/22 ,  G01R19/10 ,  G01R29/02

摘要： A method for digitally measuring waveforms is provided in which absolute and relative amplitudes and time information of electrical signals is electronically determined. A pair of cursors, which are operable in both independent and tracking modes, are used to provide alignment with reference points and selected measurement points so that the voltage difference between the cursors may be utilized by a digital voltmeter to provide the measurement data.

摘要翻译： 提供一种用于数字测量波形的方法，其中电子信号的绝对和相对幅度和时间信息被电子地确定。 可以在独立和跟踪模式下操作的一对光标用于提供与参考点和选定测量点的对准，使得数字电压表可以利用数字电压表来提供测量数据。

公开(公告)号：US20090084160A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-02

申请号：US12238798

申请日：2008-09-26

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N33/00 ,  B32B37/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01D11/245 ,  G01N33/0009 ,  Y10T156/10

摘要： A gas measuring device for measuring a presence of a target gas in a fluid medium includes a sensor case defining a sensor cavity extending from an open end of the sensor case, wherein the fluid medium flows into the sensor cavity through the open end. A sensor is positioned within the sensor cavity for sensing the presence of the target gas, wherein the sensor has a sensing element on one side of the sensor, and the sensing element is positioned within the sensor cavity such that the sensing element faces away from the open end.

摘要翻译： 用于测量流体介质中目标气体的存在的气体测量装置包括限定从传感器壳体的开口端延伸的传感器腔的传感器壳体，其中流体介质通过开口端流入传感器腔体。 传感器位于传感器腔内，用于感测目标气体的存在，其中传感器在传感器的一侧具有感测元件，并且感测元件位于传感器腔内，使得感测元件远离 开口端。

公开(公告)号：US06981402B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-03

申请号：US10452040

申请日：2003-05-30

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N7/00 ,  G01N19/10

CPC分类号： H02P7/29 ,  F04B49/20 ,  F04B2203/0209 ,  F04B2203/0213 ,  F04D15/0066 ,  G05D7/0676 ,  H02P6/182

摘要： A system and method for measuring fluid flow rate in a system where fluid is pumped, such as a gas monitoring instrument where gas is pumped from a space such as a room or enclosure through a conduit to a sensor. The flow of gas through a pump is determined by measuring motor back-e.m.f. which is proportional to motor speed. In a system where motor speed is regulated by pulse width modulation of the motor drive voltage, the back-e.m.f. is sampled during intervals between the drive pulses applied to the motor, and in a further aspect the sampling is done at selected, spaced-apart or infrequent intervals such as once for every ten or once for every hundred motor drive pulses. Advantageously, in an instrument that uses a microprocessor and analog-to-digital converter to measure gas-concentration, the same microprocessor and converter can provide the PWM control of the pump, in response to the back-e.m.f. generated by the pump motor between the drive pulses. The microprocessor compares the output of the analog-to-digital converter, corresponding to the back-e.m.f., which in turn corresponds to the pump motor speed, to a set-point value, representative of the desired pump motor speed. The processor then adjusts the PWM to control the pump motor to achieve and maintain the desired speed. As a result, in a gas monitor, the gas-flow rate may be maintained close to a desired gas flow rate regardless of the voltage supplied by the battery or other voltage source, regardless of the degree to which the gas is filtered, and under a wide range of operating conditions.

摘要翻译： 用于测量流体被泵送的系统中的流体流速的系统和方法，例如气体监测仪器，其中气体通过导管从诸如房间或外壳的空间泵送到传感器。 通过泵的气体流量通过测量电机来确定。 这与电机速度成正比。 在通过电机驱动电压的脉冲宽度调制来调节电机速度的系统中， 在施加到电动机的驱动脉冲之间的间隔期间被采样，并且在另一方面中，以选定的，间隔的或不频繁的间隔进行采样，例如对于每百个电动机驱动脉冲每十或一次进行一次。 有利地，在使用微处理器和模拟 - 数字转换器来测量气体浓度的仪器中，相同的微处理器和转换器可以响应于后面的方式提供泵的PWM控制。 由泵电机产生的驱动脉冲之间。 微处理器将对应于反电动势的模数转换器的输出（反过来称为泵电机转速）与表示所需泵电机转速的设定值进行比较。 然后，处理器调整PWM以控制泵电机以实现和保持所需的速度。 结果，在气体监测器中，无论气体被过滤的程度如何，气体流量可以保持接近期望的气体流速，而与电池或其他电压源所提供的电压无关 广泛的运行条件。

公开(公告)号：US08596108B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-03

申请号：US12238889

申请日：2008-09-26

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N7/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/122

摘要： A gas measuring device for measuring a presence of a target gas in a fluid medium includes a sensor having a sensing element and a heating element being configured to heat the sensing element to a predetermined operating temperature. The sensing element is responsive to the target gas such that at least one electrical property of the sensing element varies based on a presence of the target gas, and the electrical property of the sensing element is measured by the gas measuring device. The gas measuring device also includes a control circuit having a heating element controller connected to, and measuring an electrical property of, the heating element. The control circuit also includes a heater power supply supplying power to the heating element, wherein the heating element controller is connected to, and controls the operation of, the heater power supply based on the measurement of the electrical property of the heating element.

摘要翻译： 用于测量流体介质中目标气体的存在的气体测量装置包括具有感测元件和加热元件的传感器，该传感器构造成将感测元件加热到预定的工作温度。 感测元件响应于目标气体，使得感测元件的至少一个电特性基于目标气体的存在而变化，并且感测元件的电特性由气体测量装置测量。 该气体测量装置还包括控制电路，该控制电路具有与加热元件连接并测量加热元件的电性能的加热元件控制器。 控制电路还包括向加热元件供电的加热器电源，其中，加热元件控制器基于加热元件的电性能的测量与加热器电源连接并控制其运行。

公开(公告)号：US08253942B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

申请号：US11862959

申请日：2007-09-27

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G02B27/144 ,  G01N21/0303 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G02B27/1073

摘要： A gas detector is provided. The gas detector includes a measurement source of optical radiation, a reference source of optical radiation, a measurement detector configured to provide an output signal indicative of a gas of interest, a reference detector configured to provide an output signal at least partially independent of the gas of interest, a measurement optical path extending from the measurement source to the reference and measurement detectors, and a sample region for receiving a gaseous sample. The sample region is located along the measurement optical path. A window is positioned in the measurement optical path downstream from the measurement source and upstream from the reference and measurement detectors. The window is partially transparent to optical radiation and partially reflective to optical radiation. The window is positioned to either reflect a portion of the optical radiation emitted by the reference source into the measurement optical path or to allow a portion of the optical radiation emitted by the reference source to pass through the window into the measurement optical path.

摘要翻译： 提供气体检测器。 气体检测器包括光学辐射的测量源，参考光源，被配置为提供指示感兴趣的气体的输出信号的测量检测器，配置成提供至少部分独立于气体的输出信号的参考检测器 感兴趣的测量光路，从测量源延伸到参考和测量检测器，以及用于接收气体样品的样品区域。 样品区域沿着测量光学路径定位。 窗口位于测量光源下游的测量光路中，并位于参考和测量探测器的上游。 窗口对于光学辐射部分透明并且部分地反射到光学辐射。 窗口被定位成将由参考源发射的光辐射的一部分反射到测量光路中，或者允许由参考源发射的光辐射的一部分通过窗口进入测量光路。

公开(公告)号：US20090084158A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-02

申请号：US12238889

申请日：2008-09-26

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N25/00 ,  G01N25/18 ,  G01R31/28

CPC分类号： G01N27/122

摘要： A gas measuring device for measuring a presence of a target gas in a fluid medium includes a sensor having a sensing element and a heating element being configured to heat the sensing element to a predetermined operating temperature. The sensing element is responsive to the target gas such that at least one electrical property of the sensing element varies based on a presence of the target gas, and the electrical property of the sensing element is measured by the gas measuring device. The gas measuring device also includes a control circuit having a heating element controller connected to, and measuring an electrical property of, the heating element. The control circuit also includes a heater power supply supplying power to the heating element, wherein the heating element controller is connected to, and controls the operation of, the heater power supply based on the measurement of the electrical property of the heating element.

摘要翻译： 用于测量流体介质中目标气体的存在的气体测量装置包括具有感测元件和加热元件的传感器，该传感器构造成将感测元件加热到预定的工作温度。 感测元件响应于目标气体，使得感测元件的至少一个电特性基于目标气体的存在而变化，并且感测元件的电特性由气体测量装置测量。 该气体测量装置还包括控制电路，该控制电路具有与加热元件连接并测量加热元件的电性能的加热元件控制器。 控制电路还包括向加热元件供电的加热器电源，其中，加热元件控制器基于加热元件的电性能的测量与加热器电源连接并控制其运行。

公开(公告)号：US4686523A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-11

申请号：US575417

申请日：1984-01-31

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01R13/30 ,  G09G5/08 ,  G09G3/02

CPC分类号： G01R13/30 ,  G09G5/08

摘要： A cursor generator for an oscilloscope presents a cursor line or lines in juxtaposition with waveforms on an oscilloscope display, wherein the cursor is formed of a plurality of discrete points or dots. The deflection signal for generating the cursor is preferably supplied from the oscilloscope's character generator, while the analog positioning voltages for the cursor are also used in sweep delay comparison portion of the oscilloscope for initiating the oscilloscope's delayed sweep.

摘要翻译： 用于示波器的光标发生器呈现与示波器显示器上的波形并置的光标线或线，其中光标由多个离散点或点形成。 用于产生光标的偏转信号优选地从示波器的字符发生器提供，而用于光标的模拟定位电压也用于示波器的扫描延迟比较部分，用于启动示波器的延迟扫描。

公开(公告)号：US20090086191A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-02

申请号：US11862959

申请日：2007-09-27

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G02B27/14

CPC分类号： G02B27/144 ,  G01N21/0303 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G02B27/1073

摘要： A gas detector is provided. The gas detector includes a measurement source of optical radiation, a reference source of optical radiation, a measurement detector configured to provide an output signal indicative of a gas of interest, a reference detector configured to provide an output signal at least partially independent of the gas of interest, a measurement optical path extending from the measurement source to the reference and measurement detectors, and a sample region for receiving a gaseous sample. The sample region is located along the measurement optical path. A window is positioned in the measurement optical path downstream from the measurement source and upstream from the reference and measurement detectors. The window is partially transparent to optical radiation and partially reflective to optical radiation. The window is positioned to either reflect a portion of the optical radiation emitted by the reference source into the measurement optical path or to allow a portion of the optical radiation emitted by the reference source to pass through the window into the measurement optical path.

摘要翻译： 提供气体检测器。 气体检测器包括光学辐射的测量源，参考光源，被配置为提供指示感兴趣的气体的输出信号的测量检测器，被配置为提供至少部分独立于气体的输出信号的参考检测器 感兴趣的测量光路，从测量源延伸到参考和测量检测器，以及用于接收气体样品的样品区域。 样品区域沿着测量光学路径定位。 窗口位于测量光源下游的测量光路中，并位于参考和测量探测器的上游。 窗口对于光学辐射部分透明并且部分地反射到光学辐射。 窗口被定位成将由参考源发射的光辐射的一部分反射到测量光路中，或者允许由参考源发射的光辐射的一部分通过窗口进入测量光路。

公开(公告)号：US07185528B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-06

申请号：US11270351

申请日：2005-11-07

申请人： L. Rodney Bristol

发明人： L. Rodney Bristol

IPC分类号： G01N7/00 ,  H02P7/285

CPC分类号： H02P7/29 ,  F04B49/20 ,  F04B2203/0209 ,  F04B2203/0213 ,  F04D15/0066 ,  G05D7/0676 ,  H02P6/182

摘要： A system and method for measuring fluid flow rate in a system where fluid is pumped, such as a gas monitoring instrument where gas is pumped from a space such as a room or enclosure through a conduit to a sensor. The flow of gas through a pump is determined by measuring motor back-e.m.f. which is proportional to motor speed. In a system where motor speed is regulated by pulse width modulation of the motor drive voltage, the back-e.m.f. is sampled during intervals between the drive pulses applied to the motor, and in a further aspect the sampling is done at selected, spaced-apart or infrequent intervals such as once for every ten or once for every hundred motor drive pulses. Advantageously, in an instrument that uses a microprocessor and analog-to-digital converter to measure gas-concentration, the same microprocessor and converter can provide the PWM control of the pump, in response to the back-e.m.f. generated by the pump motor between the drive pulses. The microprocessor compares the output of the analog-to-digital converter, corresponding to the back-e.m.f., which in turn corresponds to the pump motor speed, to a set-point value, representative of the desired pump motor speed. The processor then adjusts the PWM to control the pump motor to achieve and maintain the desired speed. As a result, in a gas monitor, the gas-flow rate may be maintained close to a desired gas flow rate regardless of the voltage supplied by the battery or other voltage source, regardless of the degree to which the gas is filtered, and under a wide range of operating conditions.

摘要翻译： 用于测量流体被泵送的系统中的流体流速的系统和方法，例如气体监测仪器，其中气体通过导管从诸如房间或外壳的空间泵送到传感器。 通过泵的气体流量通过测量电机来确定。 这与电机速度成正比。 在通过电机驱动电压的脉冲宽度调制来调节电机速度的系统中， 在施加到电动机的驱动脉冲之间的间隔期间被采样，并且在另一方面中，以选定的，间隔的或不频繁的间隔进行采样，例如对于每百个电动机驱动脉冲每十或一次进行一次。 有利地，在使用微处理器和模拟 - 数字转换器来测量气体浓度的仪器中，相同的微处理器和转换器可以响应于后面的方式提供泵的PWM控制。 由泵电机产生的驱动脉冲之间。 微处理器将对应于反电动势的模数转换器的输出（反过来称为泵电机转速）与表示所需泵电机转速的设定值进行比较。 然后，处理器调整PWM以控制泵电机以实现和保持所需的速度。 结果，在气体监测器中，无论气体被过滤的程度如何，气体流量可以保持接近期望的气体流速，而与电池或其他电压源所提供的电压无关 广泛的运行条件。