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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4921415A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-01
申请号：US272358
申请日：1988-11-15
IPC分类号： B06B1/06 , B29C70/54 , G10K11/00 , H01L41/053
CPC分类号： B06B1/067 , B29C70/54 , G01N29/2475 , G10K11/004 , H01L41/053 , G01N2291/0251 , G01N2291/0421 , G01N2291/0422
摘要： An apparatus for monitoring the curing of a fiber reinforced composite plastic which is cured at temperatures of the order of 350.degree. C. and an ultrasonic transducer assembly useful in the apparatus. The transducer assembly comprises a lithium niobate piezoelectric element having anisotropic coefficients of thermal expansion which is mounted on a metal base of the transducer assembly by means of a layer of structured copper. The structured copper is thermo-compression diffusion bonded to the lithium niobate element and to the metal base, and is compliant in a transverse direction to compensate for differential thermal expansions while affording good electrical and thermal conductivity and good acoustic coupling between the lithium niobate element and metal base.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测在350℃温度下固化的纤维增强复合塑料的固化的装置和在该装置中有用的超声换能器组件。 换能器组件包括具有各向异性热膨胀系数的铌酸锂压电元件，其通过结构化铜层安装在换能器组件的金属基座上。 结构化铜是热压缩扩散结合到铌酸锂元素和金属基底上，并且在横向方向上是柔性的，以补偿不同的热膨胀，同时提供良好的导电性和导热性，以及铌酸锂元素与铌酸锂元素之间良好的声耦合 金属底座。
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公开(公告)号：US4825117A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-25
申请号：US126138
申请日：1987-11-27
IPC分类号： B06B1/06 , B29C70/54 , G10K11/00 , H01L41/053 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： B06B1/067 , B29C70/54 , G10K11/004 , H01L41/053
摘要： An apparatus for monitoring the curing of a fiber reinforced composite plastic which is cured at temperatures of the order of 350.degree. C. and an ultrasonic transducer assembly useful in the apparatus. The transducer assembly comprises a lithium niobate piezoelectric element having anisotropic coefficients of thermal expansion which is mounted on a metal base of the transducer assembly by means of a layer of structured copper. The structured copper is thermo-compression diffusion bonded to the lithium niobate element and to the metal base, and is compliant in a transverse direction to compensate for differential thermal expansions while affording good electrical and thermal conductivity and good acoustic coupling between the lithium niobate element and metal base.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测在350℃温度下固化的纤维增强复合塑料的固化的装置和在该装置中有用的超声换能器组件。 换能器组件包括具有各向异性热膨胀系数的铌酸锂压电元件，其通过结构化铜层安装在换能器组件的金属基座上。 结构化铜是热压缩扩散结合到铌酸锂元素和金属基底上，并且在横向方向上是柔性的，以补偿不同的热膨胀，同时提供良好的导电性和导热性，以及铌酸锂元素与铌酸锂元素之间良好的声耦合 金属底座。
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公开(公告)号：US4366713A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-04
申请号：US247199
申请日：1981-03-25
CPC分类号： G01N29/225 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/221 , G01N29/223 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/0231 , G01N2291/0237 , G01N2291/102
摘要： The bond between a structured copper heat sink member and a semiconductor wafer is inspected for voids and unbonds by a focused ultrasonic pulse transmission method. The small focused spot of ultrasound is transmitted along the structured copper strands and is attenuated in the lateral direction. The absence of a received pulse or a significantly reduced amplitude signal, as the assembled device is scanned with acoustic pulses, indicate flaws in the bond.
摘要翻译： 通过聚焦超声脉冲传输方法检查结构化铜散热部件和半导体晶片之间的接合空隙和解开。 超声的小聚焦点沿着结构化的铜线传播，并沿横向衰减。 当组装的装置用声脉冲扫描时，不存在接收到的脉冲或显着减小的振幅信号，表示接合中的缺陷。
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公开(公告)号：US4361717A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-30
申请号：US213259
申请日：1980-12-05
IPC分类号： H01L31/0352 , H01L31/052 , H01L31/06
CPC分类号： F24J2/07 , H01L31/035281 , H01L31/03529 , H01L31/052 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Concentrated sunlight impinges on a large area photovoltaic device which is bonded to a highly pliable and thermally and electrically conductive structured copper strain relieving member; the lower face of the structured copper is sealed to a fluid cooled metal heat sink. Large power densities of sunlight are absorbed without appreciable temperature rise. The structured copper accommodates to the difference in expansion between the metal heat sink and the semiconductor wafer. Three embodiments utilize a single planar junction diode, an interdigitated diode, and series connected isolated junction diodes.
摘要翻译： 集中的太阳光照射在一个大面积的光伏器件上，该光伏器件被粘结到一个高度柔韧的导热和导电结构的铜应变消除部件上; 结构化铜的下表面被密封到流体冷却的金属散热器。 阳光的大功率密度被吸收而没有明显的温度上升。 结构化铜适应于金属散热器和半导体晶片之间的膨胀差异。 三个实施例使用单个平面结二极管，交叉指示二极管和串联连接的隔离结二极管。
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公开(公告)号：US4939101A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US240332
申请日：1988-09-06
IPC分类号： H01L21/20 , H01L21/762
CPC分类号： H01L21/76251 , H01L21/2007 , Y10S148/012 , Y10S228/903
摘要： Wafers which are direct bonded to each other in accordance with prior art processes suffer from voids at their bonded interface. Annealing such composite structures at high temperature and high pressure (for silicon wafers preferably about 1,100.degree. C. and 15,000 psi) eliminates all voids which are not a result of the presence of a particle on one of the wafers at the time of mating.
摘要翻译： 根据现有技术方法直接接合的晶片在其键合界面处具有空隙。 在高温和高压下退火这种复合结构（对于优选约1100℃和15,000psi的硅晶片）消除了在配合时不是在其中一个晶片上存在颗粒的所有空隙。
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6.发明授权High frequency focused ultrasonic transducer for invasive tissue characterization 失效用于侵入性组织表征的高频聚焦超声波换能器
公开(公告)号：US4911170A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US235067
申请日：1988-08-22
CPC分类号： A61B8/12 , A61B2017/22001 , A61M25/104
摘要： A broadband 25 to 50 MHz spherically focused ultrasonic transducer is placed on the tip of a catheter such that ultrasonic images of arteries and plaque are produced by introducing the catheter into arteries of patients. The high frequency transducer has thin piezoelectric polymer film as the transducing element and is adhered to a depression in the reduced cross section catheter tip. A coaxial cable in the catheter connects the transducer to an external signal source and a display for the received signals. The diagnosis and characterization of arterial disease is most often coupled with a therapeutic technique such as balloon angioplasty.
摘要翻译： 将宽带25至50MHz的球形聚焦超声波换能器放置在导管的尖端上，使得通过将导管引入患者的动脉中来产生动脉和斑块的超声波图像。 高频换能器具有作为转导元件的薄压电聚合物膜，并且在减小的横截面导管尖端中粘附到凹陷。 导管中的同轴电缆将传感器连接到外部信号源和接收信号的显示器。 动脉疾病的诊断和表征通常与诸如球囊血管成形术的治疗技术相结合。
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7.发明授权Method for ultrasonic evaluation of materials using time of flight measurements 失效使用飞行时间测量的材料超声波评估方法
公开(公告)号：US5631424A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US509679
申请日：1995-07-31
CPC分类号： G01N29/40 , G01N29/0609 , G01N29/0681 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/2456 , G01N29/341 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/015
摘要： A nondestructive evaluation method is described for ultrasonic evaluation and detection of features in polycrystalline materials, such as grain orientation (e.g. texturing) or grain boundary orientation. The method may, for example, be employed to detect diffusion bonds that contain undesirable planar grain boundary arrays. The method utilizes time of flight statistics gathered from reflections associated with incident ultrasonic signals directed into a plurality of locations within the material.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于超声评估和多晶材料中的特征的检测的非破坏性评估方法，例如晶粒取向（例如纹理）或晶界取向。 该方法可以例如用于检测包含不期望的平面晶界阵列的扩散键。 该方法利用从引导到材料内的多个位置的入射超声信号相关联的反射收集的飞行时间统计数据。
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8.发明授权Method for improving waveform digitization and circuit for implementing said method 失效改进波形数字化方法和实现所述方法的电路
公开(公告)号：US5568144A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US348011
申请日：1994-12-01
IPC分类号： H03M1/18
CPC分类号： H03M1/186
摘要： A method and circuit for improved digitization of waveforms having a large dynamic range, including selecting a signal threshold value which partitions the dynamic range of the waveform into a small signal region and a large signal region; sampling the waveform to obtain a sampled signal therefrom at a given sampling frequency; for each sampled signal, comparing the sampled signal with the signal threshold value to determine whether the sampled signal is within the small signal region or the large signal region; and directly digitizing the sampled signal if the sampled signal is within the small signal region or differentially digitizing the sampled signal if the sampled signal is within the large signal region, wherein differentially digitizing the sampled signal includes digitizing a value representing the difference between the sampled signal at a present sampling instant and a previous sampling instant. One bit of each word of the digitized signal is reallocated to indicate whether it represents a directly or differentially digitized signal to enable the waveform to be digitally reconstructed in a data processing device.
摘要翻译： 一种用于改进具有大动态范围的波形数字化的方法和电路，包括选择将波形的动态范围分成小信号区域和大信号区域的信号阈值; 以给定的采样频率对波形进行采样以获得采样信号; 对于每个采样信号，将采样信号与信号阈值进行比较，以确定采样信号是在小信号区域还是在大信号区域内; 如果采样信号在小信号区域内，则采样信号直接数字化，或者如果采样信号在大信号区域内差分数字化采样信号，则采样信号的差分数字化包括数字化表示采样信号之间的差值 在当前采样时刻和之前的采样时刻。 数字化信号的每个字的一位被重新分配以指示其是否表示直接或差分数字化的信号，以使波形能够在数据处理装置中进行数字重建。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5519225A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US317049
申请日：1994-10-03
摘要： A system and method for using the detector to differentiate neutron attenuating material from high x-ray attenuating material in an object. The inspection system is used to detect the presence of nitride in titanium sponge nuggets or residual core material in a hollow-cast turbine engine blades. The inspection system uses a dual radiation source to alternately emit neutrons and x-rays or gamma rays at the object under inspection. A dual modality gas ionization detector detects the radiation passing through the object and sends the detected radiation to a processing means for image generation. The generated image is displayed on a display, enabling objects formed with low and high attenuating material to be distinguished.
摘要翻译： 一种使用该检测器将中子衰减材料与物体中的高X射线衰减材料区分开的系统和方法。 检查系统用于检测中空铸造涡轮发动机叶片中的钛海绵块或残留芯材中的氮化物的存在。 检查系统使用双重辐射源在被检查物体上交替发射中子和X射线或γ射线。 双模式气体电离检测器检测通过物体的辐射，并将检测到的辐射发送到用于图像产生的处理装置。 生成的图像被显示在显示器上，使得能够区分由低和高衰减材料形成的物体。
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10.发明授权Eddy current surface inspection probe for aircraft fastener inspection, and inspection method 失效用于飞机紧固件检查的涡流表面检测探头和检查方法
公开(公告)号：US5510709A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US423489
申请日：1995-04-19
CPC分类号： G01N27/9013
摘要： An eddy current surface inspection array probe and method for detecting cracks and flaws in aircraft skin metal immediately surrounding rivets, without requiring rivet removal or manual scanning. The array probe includes a circular array of small sense coils positioned beneath a much larger drive coil encased in ferrite. The sense coils are differentially connected in pairs such that the signals from two sense coils located on opposite sides of the rivet (180.degree. apart) subtract to produce a resultant output signal. During operation, the probe is positioned concentrically over the rivet and data acquired from all sense coil pairs. If no cracks or other defects are present, all sense coil pairs produce a null (zero) signal. If a crack exists, some sense coil pairs (the exact number depending on the crack length, number of sense coils, and sense coil spacing) produce a non-zero signal. The probe and method can be employed to inspect a variety of other structural features which are nominally circularly symmetrical.
摘要翻译： 一种涡流表面检测阵列探头和方法，用于检测立即围绕铆钉的飞机皮肤金属中的裂纹和缺陷，无需拆除或手动扫描。 阵列探头包括位于铁氧体内包围的较大驱动线圈下面的小感测线圈的圆形阵列。 感测线圈成对地差分连接，使得来自位于铆钉（180°）相对侧上的两个感测线圈的信号减去以产生合成的输出信号。 在操作期间，探头同心地位于铆钉上，并从所有感测线圈对获得的数据。 如果没有出现裂纹或其他缺陷，则所有感测线圈对产生零（零）信号。 如果存在裂纹，则某些感测线圈对（根据裂纹长度，感测线圈数量和感测线圈间隔的精确数量）产生非零信号。 探头和方法可用于检查名义上圆形对称的各种其他结构特征。
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