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公开(公告)号：US6160762A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US98918
申请日：1998-06-17
申请人： John Luscombe , Gary J. Craig , John L. Maida, Jr. , Louis W. Erath , Malcolm Paul Varnham , Ed Kluth
发明人： John Luscombe , Gary J. Craig , John L. Maida, Jr. , Louis W. Erath , Malcolm Paul Varnham , Ed Kluth
CPC分类号： G01V1/186 , G01H9/004 , G01L11/025 , G01L23/16 , G01P15/093 , G01V1/181
摘要： An element that is sensitive to a pressure or acceleration signal comprises an optical element capable of changing its index of refraction and/or path length in response to a time varying pressure or in response to acceleration and a pliant mounting member supporting the optical element. The mounting member changes its geometrical configuration in response to the time varying pressure or acceleration. Some embodiments of the invention use a mechanical amplifier to achieve the needed sensitivity.
摘要翻译： 对压力或加速度信号敏感的元件包括能够响应于时变压力或响应于加速度而改变其折射率和/或路径长度的光学元件以及支撑光学元件的柔性安装构件。 响应时变压力或加速度，安装构件改变其几何构型。 本发明的一些实施例使用机械放大器来实现所需的灵敏度。
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公开(公告)号：US5541894A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-30
申请号：US452386
申请日：1995-05-26
申请人： Louis W. Erath
发明人： Louis W. Erath
CPC分类号： B06B1/0603 , G01H11/08 , G10K9/122
摘要： A system and method provide a low distortion hydrophone. A first known piezoelectric element is mounted so as to receive a pressure signal. A second piezoelectric element is provided with a means of receiving and enhancing the same pressure signal. Since a piezoelectric element is a capacitor, another capacitor is coupled in parallel with the second element to serve as a divider. The output voltage of the combination of the two elements is taken as the difference between the positive terminals of the two elements. Thus, the effect of the pressure enhancer and capacitance divider is to provide a difference in potential between the fundamentals from the two elements, while rendering the amplitude of the second harmonics equal. The two equal second harmonics cancel each other out at the output terminals, while retaining a useful fundamental for further signal processing. Further, the means of enhancing the pressure signal may comprise a cone-shaped baffle to amplify the pressure signal, or it may comprise a thinner diaphragm upon which the piezoelectric element is mounted to increase the flexing and thus the stress on the element. Also, more than two hydrophone elements may be coupled together to even more closely eliminate distortion over a wide pressure range.
摘要翻译： 一种系统和方法提供一种低失真水听器。 安装第一已知的压电元件以接收压力信号。 第二压电元件设置有接收和增强相同压力信号的装置。 由于压电元件是电容器，所以另一电容器与第二元件并联耦合以用作分压器。 将两个元件的组合的输出电压作为两个元件的正极之间的差。 因此，压力增强器和电容分配器的作用是提供来自两个元件的基本原理之间的电位差，同时使得二次谐波的幅度相等。 两个相等的二次谐波在输出端子彼此抵消，同时保留用于进一步信号处理的有用基础。 此外，增强压力信号的手段可以包括用于放大压力信号的锥形挡板，或者可以包括较薄的隔膜，压电元件安装在该较薄的隔膜上，以增加元件的弯曲并因此增加应力。 此外，两个以上的水听器元件可以耦合在一起，以更加紧密地消除在宽的压力范围内的变形。
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公开(公告)号：US5086473A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US442518
申请日：1989-11-27
申请人： Louis W. Erath
发明人： Louis W. Erath
IPC分类号： H04R3/00
CPC分类号： H04R3/002
摘要： The present invention provides an apparatus for enhancing the low frequency response of a loudspeaker. At low frequencies the mechanical and electrical inefficiencies of loudspeakers limit the intensity of the sound output by the loudspeakers. Previous attempts to correct the inefficiencies have been hampered by the non-ideal circuit elements used in conventional feedback circuits. To enhance the low frequency response of a loudspeaker there is provided an apparatus which includes a feedback circuit which is operably connected to an audio amplifier and which is tuned to substantially match the impedance of the loudspeaker within a predetermined frequency range. The apparatus further includes a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is adapted to connect to the drive coil of a loudspeaker, and the secondary winding is connected to the feedback circuit. The feedback circuit delivers a feedback signal which alters the audio input signal in response to a voltage induced on the secondary winding by the primary winding, and compensates for the low frequency inefficiencies of the loudspeaker.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于增强扬声器的低频响应的装置。 在低频下，扬声器的机械和电气低效限制了扬声器输出声音的强度。 以前用于校正低效率的尝试受到常规反馈电路中使用的非理想电路元件的阻碍。 为了增强扬声器的低频响应，提供了一种装置，其包括可操作地连接到音频放大器并被调谐以将扬声器的阻抗基本上匹配在预定频率范围内的反馈电路。 该装置还包括具有初级绕组和次级绕组的变压器。 初级绕组适于连接到扬声器的驱动线圈，次级绕组连接到反馈电路。 反馈电路提供反馈信号，其响应于初级绕组在次级绕组上感应的电压来改变音频输入信号，并且补偿扬声器的低频率低效率。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for measuring the quality of insulation on a buried pipeline and the quantity of metal oxide present at breaks in the insulation 失效用于测量埋管道上绝缘质量的方法和装置以及绝缘中间断裂处存在的金属氧化物的量
公开(公告)号：US4099117A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US680487
申请日：1976-04-26
申请人： Louis W. Erath
发明人： Louis W. Erath
CPC分类号： G01R31/00 , G01N27/205
摘要： The invention disclosed comprises a method of and apparatus for inspecting a pipeline in situ. An alternating voltage is impressed between the pipeline and a ground bed. Spaced electrodes are positioned transverse the pipeline at spaced locations along the pipeline. At each location, the current flowing between the electrodes is used to indicate the condition of the coating on the pipeline. In one aspect of the invention, the current flowing between electrodes is obtained by measuring the resistance of the medium in which the pipeline is buried, such as the ground, and the voltage, and then dividing the voltage by the resistance. In another aspect of the invention, the ratio of the resistive and reactive components of the current flowing between the pipeline and the ground bed is used to indicate the quality of the pipeline coating. In yet another aspect of the invention, the third harmonic content of the voltage is measured to obtain an indication of the presence of iron oxide. The amount of third harmonic present when compared with current flow indicates the quantity of oxide.
摘要翻译： 所公开的发明包括一种原位检查管道的方法和装置。 在管道和地面床之间施加交流电压。 间隔电极沿着管道在与管道相隔的位置横向定位。 在每个位置，电极之间流动的电流用于指示管道上涂层的状态。 在本发明的一个方面，通过测量其中埋设管道的介质（例如接地）和电压，然后将电压除以电阻来获得在电极之间流动的电流。 在本发明的另一方面，流经管道和地层之间的电流的电阻和电抗分量之比用于表示管道涂层的质量。 在本发明的另一方面，测量电压的三次谐波含量以获得氧化铁存在的指示。 与电流相比存在的三次谐波量表示氧化物的量。
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公开(公告)号：US06853604B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-08
申请号：US10128090
申请日：2002-04-23
申请人： James Spackman , Mike Maples , Gary Craig , Louis W. Erath , John Luscombe
发明人： James Spackman , Mike Maples , Gary Craig , Louis W. Erath , John Luscombe
摘要： A support structure for piezoelectric elements in a marine seismic cable is provided. The support structure comprises upper and lower cylindrical halves, each with channels formed therein. Two axial channels are adapted to retain three piezoelectric elements each. A third axial channel, positioned between the sensor element channels, is adapted to retain a flexible circuit. Transverse channels between the sensor element channels and the circuit channels accommodate extension from the flexible circuit. The piezoelectric elements are mounted within their respective channels with a resilient pad with adhesive on both sides. The piezoelectric elements are graded so that any group of three piezoelectric elements exhibits approximately the same sensitivity as any of the other three groups of piezoelectric elements on the support structure.
摘要翻译： 提供了海洋地震电缆中的压电元件的支撑结构。 支撑结构包括上部和下部圆柱形半部，每个具有形成在其中的通道。 两个轴向通道适于每个保持三个压电元件。 位于传感器元件通道之间的第三轴向通道适于保持柔性电路。 传感器元件通道和电路通道之间的横向通道可以从柔性电路延伸。 压电元件安装在它们各自的通道内，在两侧具有粘合剂的弹性垫。 压电元件被分级，使得任何一组三个压电元件表现出与支撑结构上的其它三组压电元件中的任何一组具有大致相同的灵敏度。
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公开(公告)号：US06256588B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US09330584
申请日：1999-06-11
IPC分类号： G01V128
摘要： A seismic sensor array includes a means for passive electrical to optical energy transformation and transmission. This transformation is used remotely with traditional sensor arrays, which may include hydrophones, geophones, or a combination of them. The transformation means is used to develop an optical signal in a fiber which then conveys the seismic signals to a recording center or data accumulator.
摘要翻译： 地震传感器阵列包括用于无源电到光能转换和传输的装置。 这种转换与传统的传感器阵列远程使用，传感器阵列可能包括水听器，地震检波器或它们的组合。 变换装置用于开发光纤中的光信号，然后将光信号传送到记录中心或数据存储器。
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公开(公告)号：US6088299A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US205595
申请日：1998-12-04
申请人： Louis W. Erath , Phillip Sam Bull
发明人： Louis W. Erath , Phillip Sam Bull
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01V1/201
摘要： A vertical hydrophone cable includes a support cable, a plurality of hydrophones, and an equal number of delay elements which are tuned to provide synchronization between the seismic and electrical signals. A number of such vertical hydrophone cables are provided. In operation, the vertical array provides a method of seismic exploration comprising the steps of deploying the plurality of vertical hydrophone cables with the integral delay elements, generating a seismic signal, and receiving reflected return signals at the plurality of hydrophones with synchronism between the electrical and sound signals, so that the vertical cable functions in the manner of a traveling wave antenna.
摘要翻译： 垂直水听器电缆包括支撑电缆，多个水听器和相等数量的延迟元件，其被调谐以提供地震和电信号之间的同步。 提供了许多这种立式水听器电缆。 在操作中，垂直阵列提供了一种地震勘探方法，包括以下步骤：利用积分延迟元件部署多个垂直水听器电缆，产生地震信号，并且在多个水听器中接收反射的返回信号，同步电和 声信号，使垂直电缆以行波天线的方式起作用。
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公开(公告)号：US6031789A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US922712
申请日：1997-09-03
申请人： Keith Broussard , Alan Sprain , Louis W. Erath
发明人： Keith Broussard , Alan Sprain , Louis W. Erath
CPC分类号： H02K49/108 , H02K11/022
摘要： A magnetic drive device couples the drive motor of a depth control device or bird, with the axle of the depth control wings. The magnetic drive includes a plurality of permanent magnet pieces mounted in respective drive blocks on either side of a magnetically permeable membrane of the main body of the drive mechanism. The magnet pieces are mounted side by side in alternating polarity to capture as much of the magnetic flux of the magnets as possible to minimize stray flux from escaping the drive. Pole pieces either side of the drive blocks also serve to capture stray flux. To the maximum extent possible within the constraints of mechanical durability, the drive mechanism is made of non-magnetic or non-ferrous materials which would interfere with the heading sensor of the bird. Thus, this invention avoids reducing the accuracy of the heading sensor of the bird, while eliminating a major source of seawater inleakage into the bird.
摘要翻译： 磁驱动装置将深度控制装置或鸟的驱动马达与深度控制翼的轴连接。 磁驱动器包括安装在驱动机构的主体的导磁膜两侧的相应驱动块中的多个永磁体片。 这些磁片以交替的极性并排安装，以尽可能多地捕获磁体的磁通量，以最大限度地减少从驱动器逸出的杂散磁通。 驱动块的两侧的极片也用于捕获杂散通量。 在机械耐久性的限制内，在最大程度上可能的是，驱动机构由非磁性或有色金属材料制成，这将干扰鸟的航向传感器。 因此，本发明避免了降低鸟的航向传感器的准确性，同时消除了主要的海水泄漏入鸟。
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公开(公告)号：US4694174A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-15
申请号：US782516
申请日：1985-10-01
申请人： Louis W. Erath
发明人： Louis W. Erath
CPC分类号： G01N21/37 , G01J2001/4242
摘要： An apparatus and method for detecting gas concentration using an infrared absorption gas detector. Noise due to vibration is substantially reduced by integrating the voltage produced by the gas detector with an integrator having an adjustable time constant. The time constant is adjusted to a long value during times when the gas concentration is remaining relatively constant. When the gas concentration is changing substantially, the time constant is adjusted to a relatively short value to allow the output of the integrator to better follow the changes.
摘要翻译： 一种使用红外吸收气体检测器检测气体浓度的装置和方法。 通过将由气体检测器产生的电压与具有可调整的时间常数的积分器集成，由于振动引起的噪声显着降低。 在气体浓度保持相对恒定的时间内将时间常数调整为长值。 当气体浓度基本上变化时，将时间常数调整到相对较短的值，以使积分器的输出更好地跟随变化。
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公开(公告)号：US6161433A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-19
申请号：US419838
申请日：1999-10-15
申请人： Louis W. Erath
发明人： Louis W. Erath
IPC分类号： G01P15/093 , G01V1/18 , G01P15/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/181 , G01P15/093
摘要： A geophone includes an optical element capable of changing its refractive index and path length in response to acceleration of the geophone. The sensor component comprises a mass mounted on a fulcrum for rotational movement against the force of a biasing member. An optical fiber is stretched between the casing of the sensor and an extension of the mass, such that rotational movement of the mass about the fulcrum varies the tension in the fiber. Varying the tension in the fiber varies the optical path length and index of refraction of the fiber, and these variations may be detected as a seismic signal. A first set of magnets dampens the vibratory movement of the mass, and a second set of magnets reduces the frequency of the movement of the mass.
摘要翻译： 地震检波器包括能够响应于地震检波器的加速度而改变其折射率和路径长度的光学元件。 传感器部件包括安装在支点上的质量，用于克服偏压部件的力而进行旋转运动。 光纤在传感器的壳体和质量的延伸之间被拉伸，使得质量块围绕支点的旋转运动改变了光纤中的张力。 改变光纤中的张力会改变光路的光路长度和折射率，这些变化可以被检测为地震信号。 第一组磁体减弱了质量块的振动运动，第二组磁体降低了质量运动的频率。
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