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    Method and apparatus for rapid exhaust catalyst light-off
    3.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for rapid exhaust catalyst light-off 失效
    快速排气催化剂灭火的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050076636A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-04-14

    申请号：US10683010

    申请日：2003-10-10

    Applicant: Richard Nashburn ,  John Kirwan ,  Michael Salemi ,  Malcolm Grieve

    Inventor： Richard Nashburn ,  John Kirwan ,  Michael Salemi ,  Malcolm Grieve

    IPC: F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F02D21/10 ,  F02D35/00 ,  F02D41/02 ,  F02D41/06 ,  F02M1/16 ,  F01N3/00

    CPC classification number: F02D41/064 ,  F01N3/2033 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F02D21/10 ,  F02D35/0038 ,  F02D41/0255 ,  F02M1/16 ,  Y02T10/26

    Abstract: An internal combustion engine is supplied with reformate from a hydrocarbon reformer at engine start-up and during engine warm-up. The reformate fuel mixture is fuel-lean at start-up to ensure that all the fuel is burned while the exhaust converter is thermally non-functional. Shortly after start-up, the mixture is changed to be fuel-rich, providing unburned reformate fuel in the exhaust stream. During start-up and warm-up, the output of an air pump is controllably divided between the reformer (primary air) and the engine exhaust system (secondary air). Unburned reformate from the engine and secondary air from the air pump ignite and thereby rapidly heat the converter. Gasoline or diesel fueling of the engine by fuel injection is preferably delayed until the engine and the converter both reach operating temperatures, whereupon the engine is fueled by fuel injection and further reforming is terminated.

    Abstract translation: 在发动机启动和发动机预热期间，内燃机从烃重整器供应改质油。 重新燃烧的燃料混合物在启动时是贫燃料的，以确保在排气转化器不起作用时所有的燃料都被燃烧。 启动后不久，混合物变为富燃料，在排气流中提供未燃烧的重整油。 在启动和预热期间，空气泵的输出可控地分配在重整器（一次空气）和发动机排气系统（二次空气）之间。 来自发动机的未燃烧的重整油和来自空气泵的二次空气点燃，从而快速加热转炉。 通过燃料喷射的发动机的汽油或柴油燃料优选被延迟直到发动机和转炉都达到工作温度，于是发动机由燃油喷射燃料并进一步重整停止。

    Hybrid solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine electric generating system using liquid oxygen
    6.
    发明申请
    Hybrid solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine electric generating system using liquid oxygen 有权
    混合固体氧化物燃料电池和使用液氧的燃气轮机发电系统

    公开(公告)号：US20070163822A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

    申请号：US11327079

    申请日：2006-01-06

    Applicant: Malcolm Grieve

    Inventor： Malcolm Grieve

    IPC: B60L8/00

    CPC classification number: F01D15/02 ,  F02C3/20 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M2250/407 ,  Y02E60/563 ,  Y10S903/908

    Abstract: A hybrid SOFC/gas turbine electric generating system comprising an SOFC stack, a hydrocarbon reformer, a first anode tailgas hydrogen-rich combustor to drive a first gas turbine stage, and a second stoichiometric combustor to drive a second gas turbine stage to drive a generator. Anode tailgas is also recycled into the reformer for substantially endothermic reforming of hydrocarbon fuel. Oxidant is provided as pure oxygen—which may be stored as liquid oxygen. All nitrogen may be excluded. Cathode exhaust is passed to the first combustor, to the second combustor, and is recycled into the cathodes. The turbine exhaust is passed through successive heat exchangers cooled by liquid oxygen being vaporized, precipitating water and solid CO2. The system is operated at about 800 kPa (about 8 atmospheres), thereby increasing the power output of the stack. The system may be operated with no gaseous exhaust or with by-products of water and CO2.

    Abstract translation: 一种混合式SOFC /燃气轮机发电系统，其包括SOFC堆，烃重整器，用于驱动第一燃气轮机级的第一阳极尾气富含氢的燃烧室和用于驱动第二燃气轮机级以驱动发电机的第二化学计量燃烧室 。 阳极尾气也被再循环到重整器中，用于烃燃料的基本吸热重整。 提供氧化剂作为纯氧，其可以作为液氧储存。 可能排除所有氮气。 阴极排气通过第一燃烧器，到第二燃烧器，再循环到阴极中。 涡轮机废气通过连续的热交换器冷却，液态氧被蒸发，沉淀水和固体CO 2。 该系统在约800kPa（约8个大气压）下运行，从而增加堆的功率输出。 该系统可以在没有气体排放或水和CO 2 2的副产物的情况下操作。

    PEM-SOFC hybrid power generation systems
    7.
    发明申请
    PEM-SOFC hybrid power generation systems 审中-公开
    PEM-SOFC混合发电系统

    公开(公告)号：US20060228593A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-12

    申请号：US11099743

    申请日：2005-04-06

    Applicant: Malcolm Grieve ,  Kaushik Rajashekara

    Inventor： Malcolm Grieve ,  Kaushik Rajashekara

    IPC: H01M16/00 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/12 ,  H01M8/24 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04 ,  B60L11/18

    CPC classification number: H01M16/006 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04208 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/0668 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M8/2495 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02B90/14 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y02T90/32

    Abstract: A hybrid fuel cell system comprising a solid-oxide fuel cell system, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, a hydrocarbon reformer and a hydrogen separator. A large PEM provides output power, such as motive power for a vehicle, using hydrogen storage that may be resupplied from a separate hydrogen refilling station or from the onboard reformer. The SOFC is preferably small and provides heat and exhaust water that, when recycled into the reformer, allow the reformer to operate endothermically without requiring atmospheric air, thus excluding nitrogen from the reformate stream. Alternatively, the reformer and SOFC are stationary at a base station and the PEM is aboard the vehicle. The SOFC and reformer have sufficient capacity to recharge hydrogen storage in the vehicle in a relatively short period of time, such as overnight.

    Abstract translation: 一种混合燃料电池系统，包括固体氧化物燃料电池系统，质子交换膜燃料电池系统，烃重整器和氢分离器。 大型PEM提供输出功率，例如车辆的动力，使用可以从单独的氢气再充填站或从车载重整器重新供应的氢气储存。 SOFC优选地是小的并且提供热和排出的水，当再循环到重整器中时，允许重整器吸热运行而不需要大气，从而排除来自重整产物流的氮。 或者，重整器和SOFC在基站处是静止的，并且PEM在车辆上。 SOFC和改造者有足够的能力在相当短的时间内（例如隔夜）对车辆中的氢气储存进行再充电。

    Electric vehicle having multiple-use APU system
    8.
    发明申请
    Electric vehicle having multiple-use APU system 有权
    具有多用APU系统的电动车

    公开(公告)号：US20060219448A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-05

    申请号：US11370285

    申请日：2006-03-08

    Applicant: Malcolm Grieve ,  John MacBain ,  Jean Botti

    Inventor： Malcolm Grieve ,  John MacBain ,  Jean Botti

    IPC: B60L11/18 ,  H02J7/00

    CPC classification number: B60L11/18 ,  B60K1/04 ,  B60L11/1816 ,  B60L11/1842 ,  B60L11/1887 ,  H02J3/387 ,  H02J2001/004 ,  Y02E60/721 ,  Y02T10/7072 ,  Y02T90/121 ,  Y02T90/128 ,  Y02T90/14 ,  Y02T90/163 ,  Y02T90/34 ,  Y04S10/126

    Abstract: During periods of vehicle inactivity, a vehicle-based APU electric generating system may be coupled into a regional electric grid to send electricity into the grid. A currently-preferred APU is a solid oxide fuel cell system. When a large number of vehicles are thus equipped and connected, substantial electric buffering can be effected to the grid load. A vehicle-based APU can also function as a back-up generator to a docking facility in the event of power failure of the grid. Gaseous hydrocarbon is readily supplied by pipe in many locations as a commercial and residential heating fuel source, and a hydrocarbon reformer on the vehicle can be attached to the fuel source, enabling an APU to operate as a stationary power source indefinitely. An optional storage tank on the vehicle may be refueled with gaseous fuel, for example, while the battery is being electrically recharged by the grid.

    Abstract translation: 在车辆不活动期间，基于车辆的APU发电系统可以耦合到区域电网以将电力发送到电网中。 目前优选的APU是固体氧化物燃料电池系统。 当大量车辆如此配备和连接时，可以对电网负载进行实质的电缓冲。 在车辆电源故障的情况下，车载APU还可用作对接设备的备用发电机。 气体碳氢化合物很容易通过管道作为商业和住宅加热燃料源供应，并且车辆上的烃重整器可以附着在燃料源上，使APU能够无限期地作为固定的动力源运行。 例如，当电池被电网电充电时，车辆上的可选的储罐可以用气体燃料加油。

    Temperature zones in a solid oxide fuel cell auxiliary power unit
    9.
    发明申请
    Temperature zones in a solid oxide fuel cell auxiliary power unit 有权
    固体氧化物燃料电池辅助动力装置中的温度区

    公开(公告)号：US20060127713A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-15

    申请号：US11347140

    申请日：2006-02-03

    Applicant: Karl Haltiner ,  Malcolm Grieve ,  Kevin Keegan ,  Michael Faville

    Inventor： Karl Haltiner ,  Malcolm Grieve ,  Kevin Keegan ,  Michael Faville

    IPC: H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC classification number: B60L11/1881 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04373 ,  H01M8/04708 ,  H01M8/04731 ,  H01M8/04783 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/2475 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02B90/14 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02T90/16 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

    Abstract: A method for fuel cell system thermal management includes: maintaining a first zone at a first selected temperature range, maintaining a second zone at a second selected temperature range, and maintaining a third zone at a third selected temperature range. The second zone is in thermal communication with a first sensor and comprises a reformer, while the third zone is in thermal communication with a second sensor and comprises a fuel cell stack. The second selected temperature range is greater than the first selected temperature range, while the third selected temperature range is greater than the second selected temperature range. A thermal management system for use with an auxiliary power unit includes a first air control valve in fluid communication with a process air supply and a fuel reformer zone, the first air control valve in operable communication with a controller; a second air control valve in fluid communication with a process air supply and a hot zone, the second air control valve in electronic communication with the controller; a reformer zone temperature sensor in thermal communication with the fuel reformer and in operable communication with the controller; a hot zone temperature sensor in thermal communication with the hot zone and in operable communication with the controller; a first outlet at the reformer zone; and a second outlet at the hot zone.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于燃料电池系统热管理的方法包括：将第一区域保持在第一选定温度范围，将第二区域保持在第二选定温度范围，并将第三区域保持在第三选定温度范围。 第二区域与第一传感器热连通并且包括重整器，而第三区域与第二传感器热连通并且包括燃料电池堆。 第二选定的温度范围大于第一选定温度范围，而第三选定温度范围大于第二选定温度范围。 与辅助动力单元一起使用的热管理系统包括与过程空气供应和燃料重整器区流体连通的第一空气控制阀，与控制器可操作地连通的第一空气控制阀; 与处理空气供应和热区流体连通的第二空气控制阀，与控制器电子通信的第二空气控制阀; 与所述燃料重整器热连通且与所述控制器可操作地连通的重整器区温度传感器; 热区温度传感器，与热区热连通并与控制器可操作地通信; 是重整区的第一个出口; 和热区的第二个出口。

    Reformer system and method reforming
    10.
    发明申请
    Reformer system and method reforming 审中-公开
    改革者制度和方法改革

    公开(公告)号：US20070086934A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-04-19

    申请号：US11248162

    申请日：2005-10-13

    Applicant: Jochem Huber ,  Juergen Ringler ,  Michael Preis ,  Christian Liebl ,  John Kirukin ,  Jean Botti ,  Malcolm Grieve

    Inventor： Jochem Huber ,  Juergen Ringler ,  Michael Preis ,  Christian Liebl ,  John Kirukin ,  Jean Botti ,  Malcolm Grieve

    IPC: B01J19/00 ,  C01B3/26 ,  H01M8/06

    CPC classification number: B01D53/0454 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2257/702 ,  B01D2258/012 ,  B01D2258/014 ,  B01D2258/016 ,  B01D2258/0208 ,  B01D2259/40001 ,  B01D2259/4566 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/042 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/1604

    Abstract: A reformer system has a reformer for converting a hydrocarbon-containing fuel to a hydrogen-gas-rich reformate gas, and an HC adsorber, which is connected to an output side of the reformer and adsorbs, as a function of temperature, hydrocarbons contained in the reformate gas, or for desorbing previously adsorbed hydrocarbons to the reformate gas. The reformer system transmits the reformate gas after passing through the HC adsorber to a consuming device. The chronological progression of the adsorption/desorption behavior of the HC adsorber during an operating phase of the reformer as a function of the reformate gas temperature occurring in the operating phase and/or a temperature gradient of the reformate gas occurring in the operating phase is coordinated with the chronological progression of the operating behavior of the consuming device such that a significant desorption of hydrocarbons from the HC adsorber takes place only when the consuming device is in an operating condition in which the desorbed hydrocarbons are processed by the consuming device such that the hydrocarbon fraction of the gases expelled from the consuming device and/or the function of the consuming device is/are not significantly influenced by the desorbed hydrocarbons.

    Abstract translation: 重整器系统具有用于将含烃燃料转化为富氢重整气体的重整器，和连接到重整器的输出侧并吸附作为温度的函数的HC吸附器，其包含在 重整气体，或将先前吸附的烃解吸到重整气体中。 重整器系统通过HC吸附器将重整气体传送到消耗装置。 在重整器的操作阶段期间，HC吸附剂在操作阶段发生的重整产物气体温度和/或在操作阶段发生的重整气体的温度梯度的函数的HC吸附剂的吸附/解吸行为的时间顺序进行协调 随着消耗装置的操作行为的时间顺序进行，使得仅当消耗装置处于其中解吸的烃被消耗装置处理的操作状态时才从HC吸附器显着解吸烃，使得烃 从消耗装置排出的气体的分数和/或消耗装置的功能不受解吸烃的显着影响。

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