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公开(公告)号：US06706394B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-16
申请号：US09847965
申请日：2001-05-02
IPC分类号： G11B566
CPC分类号： H01F1/143 , A61K9/5094 , A61K47/6923 , A61K48/0008 , C12N15/87 , H01F1/20 , Y10S428/90 , Y10T428/257 , Y10T428/2982 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2993 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： The subject invention related to methods and apparatuses for the manufacture of magnetizable carrier particles. In addition the subject invention pertains to particles having one or more of a variety of particle configurations and/or functional features. These geometric particle configurations and/or functional features such as delivering or removing a pay load can be tailored to achieve one or more desired missions. The subject invention also pertains to a method and apparatus for the delivery of particles to target materials, in order to accomplish one or more of a variety of missions. In a specific embodiment of the subject invention, acicular and other particles with a lengthwise dimension that are substantially uniform and homogenous in their geometry are manufactured and provided with magnetizations. In this way, predictable mechanical force responsivity can be achieved when these particles are subjected to an external magnetic field gradient.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及制造可磁化载体颗粒的方法和装置。 此外，本发明涉及具有多种颗粒构型和/或功能特征中的一种或多种的颗粒。 可以调整这些几何颗粒配置和/或诸如递送或去除工作负载的功能特征以实现一个或多个期望的任务。 本发明还涉及用于将颗粒递送到目标材料的方法和装置，以便完成各种任务中的一种或多种。 在本发明的一个具体实施方案中，制造具有在其几何形状上基本均匀和均匀的纵向尺寸的针状和其它颗粒并提供磁化。 以这种方式，当这些颗粒经受外部磁场梯度时，可以实现可预测的机械力响应性。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06617153B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US10005417
申请日：2001-12-05
IPC分类号： C12N1587
摘要： A method of delivery of reactive substances that are attached to magnetizable needle-like particles using a magneto-mechanical delivery device. The subject method and device can be utilized for the delivery of reactive or other substances, such as DNA via the penetration of a target body. Such penetration of a target or multiple targets can initiate the interaction between the material contained within the target site and the chemical substances delivered by the particles into the targets. In a preferred embodiment, the subject device is portable and does not require electrical power.
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公开(公告)号：US5832731A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-10
申请号：US740751
申请日：1996-11-01
申请人： Manfred R. Kuehnle
发明人： Manfred R. Kuehnle
CPC分类号： F01B19/00 , F02B53/00 , F02B75/36 , F02B2053/005 , F02B2075/027 , F02F2007/0092 , Y02T10/17
摘要： An expandable piston rotary engine includes a core having a substantially circular periphery and central axis, and a rotor/flywheel mounted concentrically for rotation relative to the core. The core defines a plurality of cylinders spaced symmetrically about, and open at, the periphery of the core. Each cylinder contains a radially expandable, substantially cylindrical piston formed of a relatively thin web of material, such as sapphire or amorphous steel. The piston web material is coiled about its associated cylinder axis, and defines an internal combustion chamber whose diameter, and volume, vary in response to a relative coiling and uncoiling of the web in its cylinder. The inner surface of the rotor/flywheel defines with the periphery of the core, the cylinders and the outer surfaces of the pistons a closed space for a hydraulic fluid. Intake and exhaust valves and fuel igniters are associated with each of the cylinders. The core and other engine components are formed of lightweight ceramic materials capable of withstanding very high operating temperatures. By driving the rotor shaft relative to the core, and changing the valving to the piston chambers, the engine may be converted for use as a compressor or fluid pump.
摘要翻译： 可膨胀活塞旋转发动机包括具有大致圆形周边和中心轴线的芯体，以及同心地安装以相对于芯部旋转的转子/飞轮。 芯限定了围绕芯的周边对称地并且在其周围开口的多个气缸。 每个气缸包含由诸如蓝宝石或无定形钢的相对薄的材料网形成的可径向膨胀的基本上圆柱形的活塞。 活塞腹板材料围绕其相关联的气缸轴线盘绕，并且限定内部燃烧室，其直径和体积响应于在其气缸中的腹板的相对卷取和展开而变化。 转子/飞轮的内表面与芯的周边界定，气缸和活塞的外表面为液压油的封闭空间。 进气和排气阀和燃油点火器与每个气缸相关联。 核心和其他发动机部件由能够承受非常高的工作温度的轻质陶瓷材料形成。 通过相对于芯子驱动转子轴，并且将阀门改变为活塞室，发动机可以被转换为用作压缩机或流体泵。
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公开(公告)号：US5581290A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US397747
申请日：1995-03-02
申请人： Manfred R. Kuehnle
发明人： Manfred R. Kuehnle
CPC分类号： G03G15/751 , B41J2/415 , C09D11/02 , G03G15/0194 , G03G15/321 , G03G2215/0103 , G03G2215/0631
摘要： A printing ink comprises a clear, transparent, polymeric carrier material and uniform, colloidal size charged color particles evenly dispersed therein. The carrier and the particles are adhesively bonded to one another so as to form a matrix which can collectively respond to an externally imposed electrostatic field to promote co-movement of a "bite" of ink to an imaging medium without change of the bulk particle/carrier ratio. During the printing process, the ink is melted and exposed to electrostatically charged latent image areas on a heated image cylinder, resulting in the transfer of the ink thereto in proportion to the electrostatic field strength. The ink exhibits a relatively sharp liquid-to-solid transition, thereby enabling rapid ink solidification and complete transfer from the imaging medium to the relatively cool printing substrate. Also disclosed is a printing method and apparatus that facilitate continuous, variable and on-demand color printing in conjunction with the ink. Use of essentially monodispersed, color-coated, colloidal size, spherical particles in the ink results in excellent color purity and chromaticity range.
摘要翻译： 印刷油墨包括透明，透明的聚合物载体材料和均匀分散在其中的均匀的胶体尺寸带电的着色颗粒。 载体和颗粒彼此粘合地结合以形成可以共同响应外部施加的静电场的基质，以促进“咬”墨水到成像介质的共运动而不改变本体颗粒/ 载波比。 在印刷过程中，油墨被熔化并暴露于加热的图像柱上的静电电荷潜像区域，导致墨水与静电场强度成比例地转印。 油墨表现出相对尖锐的液体 - 固体转变，从而使得快速的油墨凝固和从成像介质到相对较冷的印刷基材完全转印。 还公开了一种与油墨一起促进连续，可变和按需彩色打印的打印方法和装置。 在油墨中使用基本上单分散的，着色的胶体尺寸的球形颗粒产生优异的色纯度和色度范围。
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5.发明授权Magnetophoretic particle delivery method and apparatus for the treatment of cells 失效用于治疗细胞的磁电泳颗粒递送方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5516670A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US319521
申请日：1994-10-07
CPC分类号： C12N15/87 , C12M35/06 , C12N15/8207
摘要： A method of delivering particles into a cellular specimen such that there is minimal disruption or damage to the specimen. In accordance with the method, a monodispersion of tiny acicular magnetizable particles is formed and that dispersion is placed in contact with the specimen. Then the dispersed particles are subjected to a nonuniform converging magnetic field having an axis of convergence which intersects a selected target area in the specimen and whose field lines converge to a focal point proximal to the specimen. Under the influence of the field, the particles align themselves with the field lines and travel into the specimen toward the focal point beyond the specimen. The method may be used to deliver particles at the cellular, microbial, tissue and organ levels and the agents that are deliverable by the method run the gamut from radiation, heat, DNA and diverse biological and chemical materials. Apparatus for practicing the method at these different levels are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 将颗粒递送到细胞样品中的方法，使得样品的破坏或破坏最小。 根据该方法，形成微小针状可磁化颗粒的单分散体，并使分散体与样品接触。 然后分散的颗粒经受与样品中所选择的目标区域相交的具有会聚轴的不均匀会聚磁场，并且其场线会聚到靠近样本的焦点。 在该领域的影响下，颗粒与场线对准，并且朝向超出标本的焦点移动到样品中。 该方法可用于在细胞，微生物，组织和器官水平递送颗粒，并且通过该方法可递送的试剂从辐射，热，DNA和多种生物和化学材料运行色域。 还公开了在这些不同级别实施该方法的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5063538A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-05
申请号：US400852
申请日：1989-08-30
申请人： Manfred R. Kuehnle
发明人： Manfred R. Kuehnle
摘要： An optoelectronic signal recording and storage medium including a base layer, a conductive layer, a photoconductive layer and storage layer has a coherent crystal morphology throughout, even though the chemical and electrical properties of its layers are by choice dramatically different. The base layer is preferably made of monocrystalline sapphire grown in a manner as to allow the growth of the other layers directly on a surface of the base layer without the need to grind and polish that surface, thereby minimizing internal defects in the medium. The monocrystalline base layer also allows the acceptance of exeptionally uniformly distributed charges over wide areas of the medium, thereby enabling the medium to locally record and store minutely differing optoelectronic signals on a background of minimal noise, thus facilitating low light level electronic or optical recording and long term storage of signals and minimal energy readout of those stored signals. The medium base layer can be thin enough to be flexible and transparent and yet to have great strength to provide a firm foundation for the other medium layers. A method of making the medium is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 包括基底层，导电层，光电导层和存储层的光电信号记录和存储介质，尽管其层的化学和电学性质通过选择显着不同，但是其整体具有相干晶体形态。 基层优选由单晶蓝宝石制成，以使其它层直接生长在基层的表面上的方式生长，而不需要研磨和抛光该表面，从而最小化介质中的内部缺陷。 单晶基底层还允许在介质的广泛区域上接受均匀均匀分布的电荷，从而使得介质能够在最小噪声的背景下本地记录和存储微小不同的光电信号，从而便于低光级电子或光学记录， 信号的长期存储和这些存储的信号的最小能量读出。 介质基层可以足够薄以使其具有柔性和透明度，但是具有很大的强度以为其它介质层提供坚实的基础。 还公开了制备该介质的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4526357A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-02
申请号：US455067
申请日：1983-01-03
CPC分类号： B65H3/18
摘要： Apparatus and a method are disclosed that can be selectively operated with equal advantage to strip sheet material from either the top or the bottom of a stack. A translatable member having a generally planar surface formed of an electrically insulative material is disposed proximate to either the top or bottom of a stack of sheet material. A pair of electrodes in the form of an electronic grid is secured to the planar surface. A DC voltage is applied to the electrodes selectively to effect a highly intense electric field only close to the surface of the member. The intensity of the electric field can be varied in predetermined relation to the applied DC voltage so as to determine the number of sheets simultaneously removed from the stack. The electric field exerts an attractive force only on the end-most sheet or sheets of the stack so that said end-most sheet or sheets only will be stripped from the stack.
摘要翻译： 公开了可以选择性地操作的装置和方法，其优点是从堆叠的顶部或底部剥离片材材料。 具有由电绝缘材料形成的大致平坦表面的可平移构件设置在片材堆叠的顶部或底部附近。 电子栅格形式的一对电极固定在平面上。 选择性地将电压施加到电极以实现仅靠近构件表面的高强度电场。 电场的强度可以以所施加的DC电压的预定关系变化，以便确定从堆叠中同时移除的片材的数量。 电场仅在堆叠的最终的片材或片材上施加吸引力，使得最终的片材或片材仅从堆叠中剥离。
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公开(公告)号：US4510223A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US498825
申请日：1983-05-27
CPC分类号： G03G15/0157 , G03G15/0163
摘要： A method of electrophotographic color reproduction by forming sequentially superimposed toner images of each color successively on the photoconductive surface of an electrophotographic recording member. The photoconductive surface is charged uniformly by a corona generator to a predetermined charge level. The charged surface is exposed to a first color radiation pattern from a source thereof to form a latent electrostatic charge image on said surface. The resulting latent charge image is toned with one color toner to produce a first toner image. The resulting toner image is dried. Thereafter, a charge is applied uniformly to the same photoconductive surface including those portions thereof carrying the dried first toner image in a manner so that the generated charged ions effectively tunnel through the dry adjacent toner particles defining first toner image to reach the photoconductive surface. The resulting charge potential is uniformly distributed over the entire photoconductor surface, including the toned and untoned areas thereof.Thereafter, the entire charged surface is exposed to a second radiation color pattern from a source thereof, the radiation penetrating the first toner image to produce a second latent electrostatic charge image on said overall surface. Toning is effected with a second color toner to define a second toned color toner image superimposed in proper registry. The second toner image is dried and the aforementioned steps are repeated until the desired number of color toner images superimposed one upon the other are completed to form a desired composite color toner image. The complete image is transferred to an image receptor in a single transfer step to achieve the desired print reproduction.
摘要翻译： 一种通过在电子照相记录元件的光电导表面上依次叠加每种颜色的调色剂图像的电子照相色彩再现方法。 光电导表面被电晕发生器均匀地充电到预定的充电水平。 带电表面从其源暴露于第一颜色辐射图案以在所述表面上形成静电荷图像。 所得潜电荷图像用一种彩色调色剂调色以产生第一调色剂图像。 将得到的调色剂图像干燥。 此后，将电荷均匀地施加到包含那些承载干燥的第一调色剂图像的部分的相同光电导表面上，使得所产生的带电离子有效地穿过限定第一调色剂图像的干相邻调色剂颗粒到达光电导表面。 所得的电荷电势均匀地分布在整个感光体表面上，包括其调色区域和未调色区域。 此后，整个充电表面从其源暴露于第二辐射色图案，该辐射穿透第一调色剂图像以在所述整个表面上产生第二静电荷图像。 用第二种颜色的调色剂进行调色以限定叠加在适当的配准中的第二调色彩色调色剂图像。 将第二调色剂图像干燥并重复上述步骤，直到完成叠加的所需数量的彩色调色剂图像以形成期望的复合彩色调色剂图像。 完整的图像在单个转印步骤中转印到图像接收器以实现期望的印刷再现。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4468707A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US382628
申请日：1982-05-27
CPC分类号： H04N1/29 , G03G15/04072 , G03G15/04081 , G03G15/326
摘要： Half-tone xerography involving high speed charging of a limited region of an electrophotographic member and subsequent high speed discharging as by writing with a fine laser beam upon the limited region of the electrophotographic member, the beam being modulated with recordable intelligence from stored digital data. The member is mounted for rotary and axial movement relative to both charging unit and an axial movement beam directing unit. The member support for the member holds the member in a cylindrical or partially cylindrical form with the photoconductive coating inside. The member as a unit and a charging device and writing device as a unit are mounted for relative axial and rotating movement at high speed to enable charging and imaging of the limited regions in a continuous progressive manner.
摘要翻译： 半色调静电复印涉及电子照相构件的有限区域的高速充电和随后的高速放电，如通过在电子照相构件的限制区域上用精细激光束书写，该束由存储的数字数据的可记录智能调制。 该构件安装成相对于充电单元和轴向移动梁导向单元进行旋转和轴向移动。 构件的构件支撑件将构件保持为圆柱形或部分圆柱形的形式，其中光导涂层在内部。 作为单元的构件和充电装置和书写装置作为一个单元被安装以高速相对的轴向和旋转运动，以便以连续渐进的方式对受限区域进行充电和成像。
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公开(公告)号：US4455039A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-19
申请号：US391690
申请日：1982-06-24
申请人： Edward H. Weitzen , Salvatore F. D'Amato , Robert M. Fleming , Manfred R. Kuehnle , C. Frederick Ekman , Jurgen Kruse , Harold J. Weber
发明人： Edward H. Weitzen , Salvatore F. D'Amato , Robert M. Fleming , Manfred R. Kuehnle , C. Frederick Ekman , Jurgen Kruse , Harold J. Weber
CPC分类号： B41M3/14 , G06K19/10 , G07D7/20 , G07F7/086 , Y10S283/901 , Y10S283/904
摘要： Documents are encoded with at least one thin, transparent coating, normally invisible, but having a readily detectable physical characteristic such as, electrical conductivity, electrical impedance, electrical capacitance, electroluminescence. Each document consists of a substrate on which is applied (1) at least one of the thin coatings, and (2) conventional printing, preferably intaglio. The thin coating may be applied before or after the printing. The coating includes particles driven into the surface to a substantial depth. The uncoated substrate is free of the detectable physical characteristic. The coating is confined to a limited area of the substrate surface and itself constitutes a code or is laid down in a pattern for identification. A second coating can be applied so that all areas of the surface have the same appearance to mask visual detection of the first coating. The first coating can be of such a nature as to defeat electrostatic copying, particular, color copying, by effecting a discernible difference between the original and the copy. Each coded coating is detectable by a machine which is capable of quickly distinguishing a genuine document from a counterfeit document.
摘要翻译： 文件用至少一个薄的透明涂层编码，通常是不可见的，但具有容易检测的物理特征，例如导电性，电阻抗，电容，电致发光。 每个文件由其上施加有（1）至少一个薄涂层的基底组成，和（2）常规印刷，优选凹版。 可以在印刷之前或之后涂布薄涂层。 涂层包括驱动到表面中的颗粒到相当大的深度。 未涂覆的基底没有可检测的物理特性。 涂层被限制在衬底表面的有限区域，并且其本身构成一个代码或者被放置在用于识别的图案中。 可以施加第二涂层，使得表面的所有区域具有相同的外观以掩盖第一涂层的视觉检测。 第一涂层可以具有通过实现原稿和复印件之间的可辨别的差异来打败静电复印，特别是彩色复印的性质。 每个编码的涂层可以通过能够快速区分真实文件与假冒文件的机器来检测。
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