摘要:
A camera tube device for use in a television camera comprises an electron gun including a cathode electrode for emission of an electron beam, and first and second grid electrodes respectively having apertures for controlling the diameter of the electron beam. The aperture of the second grid electrode is sufficiently smaller than the aperture of the first grid electrode. The first grid electrode is applied with a positive voltage relative to the cathode electrode and the second grid electrode is applied with a positive voltage relative to the cathode electrode which is higher than that applied to the first grid electrode. The positive voltage applied to the first grid electrode has such a value that forms the electron beam having passed through the aperture of the first grid electrode into a laminar flow beam. As the level of brightness of the object increases, the positive voltage applied to the first grid electrode is decreased to increase the amount of electron beam passing through the aperture of the second grid electrode.
摘要:
An electron gun for a television camera tube comprises a cathode for emission of electrons, a first grid disposed subsequently to the cathode and having a first aperture supplied with a positive voltage relative to the cathode, a second grid disposed subsequently to the first grid and having a second aperture supplied with a higher positive voltage than that supplied to the first grid, and an intermediate grid interposed between the first and second grids and having a hole. The intermediate grid forms a divergent electron lens near the first aperture between the first and second grids. An electron beam having passed through the first aperture is once diverged by the divergent electron lens to form a crossover at an axial position of the gun which is remote from the first grid and at which the potential on the beam axis is high, whereby broadening of the width of the velocity distribution of extracted electrons can be suppressed to a minimum and the amount of beam current passing through the second aperture can be increased.
摘要:
A cathode-ray tube comprises an electron beam generating section provided at one end of the tube, a target provided at the other end of the tube, and a group of electrodes provided on an inner wall of the tube for focusing and deflecting an electron beam. The electrode group includes first and second electrodes between the one and other ends of the tube in the mentioned order. The first electrode has a lead electrode portion for supplying an electric potential to the second electrode. The lead electrode portion extends along the tube axis with a zigzag form in which an angle .angle.MZN of a convave apex M and a convex apex N adjacent thereto spanning in a circumferential direction centering the tube axis Z is not smaller than 115.degree. or a spiral form which rotates centering the tube axis at a rotation angle not smaller than 420.degree..
摘要:
In an electromagnetic focusing electrostatic type image pick-up tube the electrostatic deflecting electrodes formed on the inner surface of the tube consist of 2 pairs of electrodes. Each of these electrostatic deflecting electrodes has a zig-zag shape from the electron gun towards the target. This zig-zag shape is twisted in the circumferential direction around the axis of the tube and variation rates of this twist amount are different, depending on the position in the axial direction.
摘要:
A method of producing a Pb-free copper-alloy sliding material containing 1.0 to 15.0% of Sn, 0.5 to 15.0% of Bi and 0.05 to 5.0% of Ag, and Ag and Bi from an Ag—Bi eutectic. If necessary, at least one of 0.1 to 5.0% of Ni, 0.02 to 0.2% P, 0.5 to 30.0% of Zn, and 1.0 to 10.0 mass % of at least one of a group consisting of Fe3P, Fe2P, FeB, NiB and AlN may be added.
摘要:
A semiconductor wafer having a surface with a thin film formed thereon is transported into a chamber and held by a holder. After an atmosphere provided in the chamber is replaced, flashes of light are directed from flash lamps in a light irradiation part toward the semiconductor wafer to perform a baking process on the thin film. The irradiation of the semiconductor wafer with light from halogen lamps in the light irradiation part also starts at the same time as the irradiation thereof with the flashes of light. The flashes of light emitted for an extremely short period of time and having a high intensity allow the surface temperature of the thin film to rise momentarily. This prevents the occurrence of abnormal grain growth resulting from prolonged baking in the film.
摘要:
A semiconductor wafer, on the surface of which a silicon dioxide base material and an amorphous silicon thin film are formed in this order, is carried into a chamber. An insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is connected with a power supply circuit to a flash lamp, and the IGBT makes an energization period to the flash lamp to be 0.01 millisecond or more and 1 millisecond or less, consequently making a flash light irradiation time to be 0.01 millisecond or more and 1 millisecond or less. Since a flash heat treatment is performed with a remarkably short flash light irradiation time, the excessive heating of the thin film of amorphous silicon is suppressed and harmful influence such as the exfoliation of the film is prevented.
摘要:
A film of silicon dioxide is formed on the silicon-germanium layer, and a high dielectric constant film is further formed on the film of silicon dioxide. First irradiation from a flash lamp is performed on the semiconductor wafer to increase the temperature of a front surface of the semiconductor wafer from a preheating temperature to a target temperature for a time period in the range of 3 milliseconds to 1 second. Subsequently, second irradiation from the flash lamp is performed to maintain the temperature of the front surface of the semiconductor wafer within a ±25° C. range around the target temperature for a time period in the range of 3 milliseconds to 1 second. This promotes the crystallization of the high dielectric constant film while suppressing the alleviation of distortion in the silicon-germanium layer.
摘要:
An ink composition for ink jet providing excellent in the curability based on ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of water or a solvent, the ejection stability with respect to the factors such as dot loss or flight deflection, and the storage stability of ink. Also provided herein is an ink composition for ink jet including: a pigment; a water-soluble organic solvent; a surfactant; at least either of a urethane (meth)acrylate being represented by the following general formula (1) and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000 and a cross-linked urethane (meth)acrylate having a constitutional unit including the urethane (meth)acrylate; a compound having a radical polymerizable group(s); a photoradical polymerization initiator; and water: A1-O—(CONH—B1—NHCOO—C1—O)n—CONH—B1—NH—COO-D1 (1) where each of A1, B1, C1, D1, and n in formula (1) are described herein.
摘要:
A semiconductor wafer in which a carbon thin film is formed on a surface of a silicon substrate implanted with impurities is irradiated with flash light emitted from flash lamps. Absorbing the flash light causes the temperature of the carbon thin film to increase. The surface temperature of the silicon substrate implanted with impurities is therefore increased to be higher than that in a case where no thin film is formed, and the sheet resistance value can be thereby decreased. When the semiconductor wafer with the carbon thin film formed thereon is irradiated with flash light in high concentration oxygen atmosphere, since the carbon of the thin film is oxidized to be vaporized, removal of the thin film is performed concurrently with flash heating.