摘要:
In a brushless motor of the kind not employing a sensor for detecting rotor position, a rotational reference position of the rotor is detected based on an induction voltage in a stator excitation coil, and an energization switching point of the stator excitation coil is determined to occur a delayed time from the reference position. The time delay is increased or decreased in response to the rotational speed of the motor, so that energization switching of the excitation coils is performed at the optimum position in accordance with corresponding changes in the rotational speed of the motor. Signal masking is performed so that noise generated by the excitation coil switching does not interfere with the detection of the rotor reference position.
摘要:
An automatic equalizer for use with a recording and/or reproducing apparatus or with a communication transmission channel, wherein equalizer parameters are rendered variable and the degree of change of the error rate is extracted to set the parameters to optimum values based on the degree of change of the error rate. Output signal error rates are sequentially detected at a plurality of measurement points corresponding to preset plural characteristic parameters to find a minimum error rate measurement point. An initial parameter setting operation is performed for providing characteristic parameters for this measurement point to the equalizer as the initial parameter.
摘要:
An automatic equalizer for use with a recording and/or reproducing apparatus or with a communication transmission channel, wherein equalizer parameters are rendered variable and the degree of change of the error rate is extracted to set the parameters to optimum values based on the degree of change of the error rate. Output signal error rates are sequentially detected at a plurality of measurement points corresponding to preset plural characteristic parameters to find a minimum error rate measurement point. An initial parameter setting operation is performed for providing characteristic parameters for this measurement point to the equalizer as the initial parameter.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus including an image forming unit, a fixing device, and circuitry is provided. The image forming unit is configured to perform a special image forming operation that forms a color toner image and a special toner image with a color toner and a special toner, respectively, on a recording medium and a normal image forming operation that forms the color toner image without forming the special toner image on the recording medium. The fixing device is configured to fix the color toner image and the special toner image on the recording medium. The circuitry is configured to perform, in the special image forming operation, a toner amount suppression control that makes an amount of the color toner on the recording medium per unit area smaller than that in the normal image forming operation.
摘要:
An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a surface layer containing a polymeric product obtained by polymerizing a specific adamantane compound, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a process for producing the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
摘要:
An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface layer that contains a urea compound having two or more urea moieties. Each of the urea moieties has a carbonyl group and two nitrogen atoms. Each of the two nitrogen atoms connects to an alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.
摘要:
An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface layer that contains a polymer produced by the polymerization of a charge transporting substance having two or more methacryloyloxy groups per molecule. The surface layer contains a quinone derivative at a concentration of 5 ppm or more and 1500 ppm or less of the total mass of the polymer. The quinone derivative is a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a compound represented by the following formula (2) or both.
摘要:
An outdoor air temperature information acquisition section acquires the outdoor air temperature, a room temperature information acquisition section that acquires room temperature, an air conditioner state information acquisition section that acquires information on the state of heat exchange type air conditioners and the outdoor air cooler, an estimated value calculating section for room temperature during outdoor air cooling calculating the estimated value for room temperature after switching to the complete outdoor air cooling mode that stops the heat exchange type air conditioner and carries out room temperature control by only increasing or decreasing the effect of the outdoor air cooler from the cooling mode mainly using the heat exchange type air conditioner. An estimated value display section for room temperature during outdoor air cooling, a switching instruction input section receiving the switching operation to complete outdoor air cooling from the occupant and a switching section carrying out switching to the complete outdoor air cooling mode according to the switching instruction.
摘要:
Provided is a method for producing fine particles in which fine particles having a uniform particle size distribution can be simply obtained with a low environmental load. The present invention relates to a method for producing fine particles including the step of preparing minute pieces by cutting a resin film at equal intervals into a width of 0.05 to 500 μm.
摘要:
A motor drive control apparatus for performing motor control that is stable and has a good efficiency includes: a speed processing unit that generates a first value by converting a second value corresponding to a current speed into a duty ratio; a torque processing unit that generates a third value by converting a fourth value corresponding to a target torque into the duty ratio; and a drive unit that controls switching by a switch included in a complementary switching amplifier by an average duty ratio corresponding to a sum of the first value and the third value to drive a motor connected to the complementary switching amplifier.