摘要:
A device includes a bus, a first transmitter connected to the bus and configured to transmit a first signal over the bus in a first frequency band, a second transmitter connected to the bus and configured to transmit a second signal over the bus in a second frequency band at the same time that the first transmitter is transmitting the first signal, a first receiver connected to the bus and configured to receive the first signal transmitted over the bus in the first frequency band, and a second receiver connected to the bus and configured to receive the second signal transmitted over the bus in the second frequency band. The first frequency band and the second frequency band occupy different portions of the frequency spectrum.
摘要:
A data receiver circuit having a comparator that exhibits substantially variable offset that is controllable to represent a variable reference level, without a separate input to receive a reference voltage level. The comparator output provides an indication of the comparison between a fixed voltage level applied to its differential signal input and the variable reference level. While changing an offset code that is fed to an offset control input of the comparator, and while applying a fixed voltage level that represents a symbol in the transmission line analog signal, a value of the offset code which causes the output of the comparator to change states is captured. A similar process may be repeated for different symbol values that can be transmitted, such that an indication of the voltage margin may be obtained as a difference between two captured offset codes. Circuitry to perform the process may be provided on-chip to the receiver circuit.
摘要:
In an electronic system having first and second logic devices, a free running on-chip clock signal is generated by the first logic device, where the signal has a frequency that is controlled to match that of a global free-running clock signal received by both devices. The on-chip clock signal is synchronized to a strobe signal received by the first device and that was transmitted in association with a data signal by the second device. A logic function is repeatedly performed as synchronized by the first clock signal, to repeatedly generate one or more bits from the data signal.
摘要:
A biased control loop for setting the impedance of an output driver includes a dummy driver having a variable output impedance, a sample and compare circuit to compare the output impedance of dummy output driver to a reference, and an up/down counter to modify the impedance. When the loop is locked, an error signal alternates positive and negative about a reference value. A digital filter produces a filtered version of the error signal with an apparent error value that does not alternate. The digital filter has a biased lock circuit that guarantees that the apparent error does not alternate. A simultaneous bidirectional port includes an output driver and the biased control loop to set the output driver impedance. When the output driver drives a bidirectional line and serves as a termination impedance for another driver, the reduced apparent error variation provides improved impedance matching.
摘要:
A frequency control unit has an input to receive a digital downstream strobe signal and an output to provide a controlled delay to the input strobe signal. A downstream latch has a data input to receive a digital downstream data signal and a clock input coupled to the output of the frequency control unit. The controlled delay is essentially equal to a set up time of the latch. A delay element coupled to the output of the frequency control unit further delays the downstream strobe signal by essentially a propagation time of the latch. Output drivers are coupled to the outputs of the latch and the delay element.
摘要:
A variable-delay circuit on an integrated circuit is used to delay a periodic strobe signal. In normal operation, the strobe signal can be shifted 90 degrees to center it within a data bit cell. In test mode, it can also be shifted up to 270 degrees in N increments to measure the effective input latch setup and hold timings. The variable-delay circuit comprises a voltage-mixing interpolator circuit to produce phase delays in N increments. The variable-delay circuit can incorporate an existing delay locked loop. Also described are an electronic system, a data processing system, and various methods of performing on-chip testing and calibration.
摘要:
Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention an integrated circuit includes: a digital feedback control circuit to adjust the impedance of an interface circuit output buffer based, at least in part, on having adjusted the impedance of a non-data signal output buffer coupled to an external impedance. Briefly, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, a method of digitally adjusting the impedance of an interface circuit output buffer comprises: digitally adjusting the impedance of a non-data signal output buffer coupled to an external impedance, and digitally adjusting the impedance of the interface circuit output buffer based, at least in part, on the digitally adjusted impedance of the non-data signal output buffer.
摘要:
A system and method for encoding and receiving data is provided. The data is encoded as a pulse amplitude modulated signal such that the amplitude signals do not transition from the highest signal level to the lowest signal level and do not transition from the lowest signal level to the highest signal level. The encoding and decoding is performed in some embodiments via a lookup table, and in further embodiments is designed to minimize the step between sequential pulse amplitude modulated symbols.
摘要:
The invention provides, in an embodiment, an apparatus, method and means for unintrusively observing, echoing and reading signals transmitted by one of a bus and wireless communication, without disturbing electrical properties of the bus, without adding bus latency, and without adding signal discontinuities. In an aspect, a buffer having a trigger is coupled with a component that connects to a memory bus, the buffer echoes signals to an observability port, and a diagnostic device reads the echoed signals. In an aspect, the bus is one of a simultaneous bi-directional (SBD) bus having ternary logic levels, a single ended bus, a differential bus, an optically coupled bus, a chipset bus, a frontside bus, an input/output (I/O) bus, a peripheral component interface (PCI) bus, and an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus. In an aspect, the buffer echoes bus signals having frequencies between 500 MHz. and 5 GHz. In an aspect, the buffer echoes bus signals having frequencies of at least 5 GHz.
摘要:
In some embodiments, the invention involves a circuit including a first set of conductors to carry a current bit set and last bit set circuitry to hold and provide a last bit set. The circuit also includes drivers coupled to interconnect conductors to provide signals from the drivers to the interconnect conductors and an encoder to receive the last bit set and the current bit set and determine whether to provide the current bit set or an encoded version of the current bit set to the drivers.