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公开(公告)号：US5242765A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-07
申请号：US903115
申请日：1992-06-23
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M4/86 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： The invention provides a gas diffusion electrode containing a fiber reinforced composite structure in a layer thereof, the structure comprising structurally intact fibers precoated with sinterable polymeric material, which material is heat sintered, whereby the fibers are bonded to each other and to other components of the structure by the sintered polymeric material, while maintaining their individual fibrous structure and strength.
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公开(公告)号：US5312701A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US62835
申请日：1993-05-18
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M4/86 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： The invention provides a single pass wet fabrication process for preparing a gas diffusion electrode for metal-air batteries and fuel cells comprising:a) preparing an active-layer forming dispersion containing catalyzed carbon black, hydrophilic fluorinated polymer and particulate hydrophobic fluorinated polymer in a liquid medium;b) preparing a blocking-layer forming dispersion containing carbon black and particulate hydrophobic polymeric binders in a liquid medium;c) filtering a first of the layer forming dispersions though filtering means to deposit a first layer of damp solids mass;d) filtering a second of the layer forming dispersions through the first deposited damp solids mass before the drying or sintering of the first deposited damp solids mass in order to deposit a second layer of damp solids mass thereon in such a manner that lower components of the second layer of damp solids mass are intermixed with upper components of the first layer of deposited damp solids mass;e) drying and compressing the composite first and second layers with a conductive metal mesh incorporated therein; andf) heating the dried layers to a temperature above the sintering temperature of the hydrophobic polymer while applying pressure thereto thereby causing the polymeric materials of both layers to sinter and bond with each other and with other components of the layers.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于制备用于金属 - 空气电池和燃料电池的气体扩散电极的单程湿式制造方法，包括：a）在液体中制备含有催化炭黑，亲水性氟化聚合物和颗粒状疏水氟化聚合物的活性层形成分散体 中; b）在液体介质中制备含有炭黑和颗粒状疏水性聚合物粘合剂的阻挡层形成分散体; c）通过过滤装置过滤第一层形成分散体以沉积第一层潮湿固体物质; d）在干燥或烧结第一沉积的湿固体物质之前，通过第一沉积的湿固体物质过滤第二层形成分散体，以便在其上沉积第二层潮湿固体物质，使得其中较低的成分 第二层湿固体质量与第一层沉积湿固体质量的上部组分混合; e）用并入其中的导电金属网来干燥和压缩复合材料第一和第二层; 以及f）将干燥的层加热至高于疏水性聚合物的烧结温度的温度，同时施加压力，由此使两层的聚合材料彼此烧结并结合，并与层的其它组分结合。
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公开(公告)号：US5441823A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-15
申请号：US269845
申请日：1994-07-01
申请人： Neal Naimer , Jonathan R. Goldstein
发明人： Neal Naimer , Jonathan R. Goldstein
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M12/06 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： The invention provides a process for preparing a gas-diffusion electrode for metal-air batteries and fuel cells of the type having a blocking layer formed from a precursor containing carbon black and particulate hydrophobic polymeric binders, comprising heating the carbon black at a temperature of about 400.degree.-1,200.degree. C. for a period of about 1-10 hours in a reducing environment, prior to the formation of the precursor, whereby hydrophilic centers in the pre-treated carbon black are minimized without increasing its corrosivity/surface area and thereby increasing the stability in concentrated KOH at high-cell operating temperatures of a blocking layer formed from the pre-treated carbon black.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种制备用于金属 - 空气电池和燃料电池的气体扩散电极的方法，所述燃料电池具有由含有炭黑和颗粒状疏水性聚合物粘合剂的前体形成的阻挡层，包括在约 在还原环境中，在形成前体之前，在400°-1200℃下进行约1-10小时的时间，由此预处理炭黑中的亲水中心最小化，而不增加其腐蚀性/表面积 在由预处理的炭黑形成的阻挡层的高电池工作温度下提高浓缩KOH的稳定性。
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4.发明授权Scrubber system for removing carbon dioxide from a metal-air or fuel cell battery 失效用于从金属空气或燃料电池中去除二氧化碳的洗涤器系统
公开(公告)号：US5595949A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US210333
申请日：1994-03-18
CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 , B01D53/62 , H01M6/5077 , Y02C10/04
摘要： A method for maximizing the effective life and utilization of CO.sub.2 -absorbent material in a scrubber system for removing carbon dioxide from an air inflow to a metal-air battery or fuel cell comprises providing, in such a battery, a housing including a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and at least one removable, gas-permeable container containing a CO.sub.2 -absorbent material, the container being positioned across the flow path of gas entering said inlet and exiting said outlet. After a predetermined utilization of the system, the at least one removable, gas-permeable container is removed therefrom and spent CO.sub.2 -absorbent material from the container is regenerated for reuse in the scrubber system, the regeneration including at least periodically removing accumulated Group 1a metal carbonate deposits.
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用于从金属 - 空气电池或燃料电池的空气流入中除去二氧化碳的洗涤器系统中的CO 2吸收材料的有效寿命和利用最大化的方法包括在这种电池中提供包括气体入口的壳体， 气体出口和至少一个包含CO 2吸收材料的可移除气体可渗透的容器，所述容器位于进入所述入口并离开所述出口的气体的流动路径上。 在系统的预定利用之后，从其中去除至少一个可移除的透气性容器，并从容器中再次使用废弃的二氧化碳吸收材料以在洗涤器系统中重新使用，再生至少周期性地除去累积的第1a组金属 碳酸盐矿床。
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公开(公告)号：US5418080A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US269846
申请日：1994-07-01
CPC分类号： H01M12/065 , H01M2/162 , H01M2/1673 , H01M2004/024 , H01M4/02 , H01M8/0273
摘要： A mechanically rechargeable, electrochemical metal-air battery of the type having a plurality of metal-air cells, each of said cells comprising (a) a housing having a base, two major surfaces and two minor surfaces, defining an interior space for containing therein a replaceable metal electrode having an electrically conductive skeletal member encompassed by an active metal component, the interior space communicating with an opening opposite the base through which the replaceable metal electrode is selectively removed to enable the mechanical replacement thereof with a freshly charged metal electrode; (b) at least one generally planar, air permeable but liquid impermeable, air electrode, each of the electrodes being installed in a window-like opening provided in at least one of the major surfaces; and (c) an electrolyte in contact with the metal and air electrodes; the improvement comprising a first woven mesh separator attached to an inner, electrolyte-facing surface of each of the air electrodes and a second, woven mesh separator attached to and covering a major surface of the replaceable metal electrode facing each of the air electrodes, the first and second woven mesh separators being in sliding relationship to each other.
摘要翻译： 一种机械可再充电的具有多个金属空气电池的电化学金属空气电池，每个所述电池包括（a）具有基座，两个主表面和两个次表面的壳体，其限定用于容纳在其中的内部空间 具有由活性金属组分包围的导电骨架构件的可替换金属电极，所述内部空间与与所述基座相对的开口相通，通过所述开口可选择地去除所述可更换金属电极，以使其能够用新鲜充电的金属电极进行机械置换; （b）至少一个大致平面的透气但不透液体的空气电极，每个电极安装在设置在至少一个主表面上的窗口开口中; 和（c）与金属和空气电极接触的电解质; 所述改进包括附接到每个空气电极的内部面向电解质的表面的第一织网分离器和附接到并覆盖面对每个空气电极的可更换金属电极的主表面的第二织造网分离器， 第一和第二编织网分离器彼此滑动关系。
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公开(公告)号：US06436539B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09131803
申请日：1998-08-10
申请人： Jonathan R. Goldstein , Inna Gektin
发明人： Jonathan R. Goldstein , Inna Gektin
IPC分类号： C22C1800
CPC分类号： C25C5/02 , B22F2998/00 , C22C1/04 , C22C18/00 , H01M4/244 , H01M4/42 , Y10T428/2998 , B22F1/0007 , B22F1/0011
摘要： A method of producing a mercury-free corrosion resistant dendritic zinc alloy powder is provided. According to the method an electrolytic cell is prepared that contains an aqueous alkaline electrolyte with a preselected concentration of dissolved zinc cations and optionally the cations of one or more soluble inhibitor metals. The cell also contains a non-zinc adherent cathode, a first anode, and a second anode. The second anode comprises an inhibitor metal, the salts of which are only sparingly soluble in the alkaline electrolyte. For example, the second anode may comprise a minor anode of indium or bismuth interposed between the first or major anode and the cathode. A first voltage between the first anode and cathode is then applied to establish a desired cathode current density and the deposition of dendritic zinc and optional soluble inhibitor metals on the cathode. Concurrently a second voltage between the second anode and cathode is applied to establish a desired current density at the second anode and the simultaneous co-deposition of a desired concentration of the first inhibitor metal in the dendritic zinc being deposited on the cathode. Intermittently the deposited zinc alloy is removed from the cathode and homogenized into a plurality of dendritic zinc alloy particles. According to the method, mercury-free electrolytic zinc alloy powders with effective corrosion inhibiting concentrations of indium and/or bismuth either alone or in combination with other inhibitor metals can be produced. The corrosion resistant zinc alloy powders have a dendritic morphology that is advantageous for battery applications.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种生产无汞耐腐蚀树枝状锌合金粉末的方法。 根据该方法，制备包含具有预选浓度的溶解的锌阳离子和任选的一种或多种可溶性抑制剂金属的阳离子的碱性电解质水溶液的电解池。 电池还包含非锌粘附阴极，第一阳极和第二阳极。 第二阳极包含一种抑制剂金属，其盐类在碱性电解质中微溶。 例如，第二阳极可以包括介于第一或主阳极和阴极之间的铟或铋的次阳极。 然后施加第一阳极和阴极之间的第一电压以建立所需的阴极电流密度以及在阴极上沉积树枝状锌和任选的可溶性阻挡剂金属。 同时施加第二阳极和阴极之间的第二电压以在第二阳极处建立期望的电流密度，并且同时共沉积沉积在阴极上的树枝状锌中的所需浓度的第一抑制剂金属。 间歇地将沉积的锌合金从阴极去除并均质化成多个树枝状锌合金颗粒。 根据该方法，可以制备单独或与其它抑制剂金属组合的具有铟和/或铋的有效腐蚀抑制浓度的无汞电解锌合金粉末。 耐腐蚀锌合金粉末具有树枝状形态，对于电池应用是有利的。
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公开(公告)号：US5419987A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-30
申请号：US174005
申请日：1993-12-28
摘要： An electrochemically prepared, high-performance, zinc powder has an apparent density of about 0.2-2 g/cc and a surface area of about 0.5-6 m.sup.2 /gm and further has at least one corrosion inhibitor metal intrinsically alloyed therein.
摘要翻译： 电化学制备的高性能锌粉具有约0.2-2g / cc的表观密度和约0.5-6m 2 / gm的表面积，并且还具有至少一种内在合金化的腐蚀抑制剂金属。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5378329A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-03
申请号：US88543
申请日：1993-07-06
CPC分类号： C25C1/16 , C25C7/08 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/184 , Y02E60/528
摘要： A process for the preparation of an alkaline-zinc slurry for use in batteries, the slurry comprising an admixture of (a) at least partly oxidized zinc; (b) an aqueous solution of at least one Group Ia metal; and (c) an inorganic or organic inhibitor. The process includes the steps of electrolyzing the admixture in a cell with a corrosion-resistant anode and a non-zinc-adherent cathode such that the zinc deposits on the cathode self-detach or are removed until no more than a preselected amount of zinc remains in the solution, provided that the current density at the cathode is preselected so that the electrowon zinc will have, after homogenizing into particles, a density within the range 0.2-2.0 g/cc and a surface area within the range 0.5-6.0 m.sup.2 /g; removing zinc from the cathode and homogenizing it into particles; and combining the homogenized zinc particles with additional aqueous Group Ia metal hydroxide and optionally with other makeup components selected from the group consisting of water and inhibitor to form a charged slurry.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制备用于电池的碱 - 锌浆料的方法，所述浆料包含（a）至少部分氧化的锌的混合物; （b）至少一种Ia族金属的水溶液; 和（c）无机或有机抑制剂。 该方法包括以下步骤：在具有耐腐蚀阳极和非锌粘附阴极的电池中电解混合物，使得阴极上的锌沉积物自身分离或去除，直到不超过预选量的锌保留 在该溶液中，预先选择阴极处的电流密度，使得电解锌在均匀化成颗粒后将具有在0.2-2.0g / cc范围内的密度和0.5-6.0m 2 /℃范围内的表面积， G; 从阴极去除锌并将其均质化成颗粒; 并且将均匀化的锌颗粒与另外的Ia族金属氢氧化物组合，并且任选地与选自水和抑制剂的其它补充组分组合以形成带电浆料。
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公开(公告)号：US07737356B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-15
申请号：US10754584
申请日：2004-01-12
CPC分类号： H01G9/2077 , H01G9/2018 , H01G9/2031 , H01G9/2068 , Y02B10/12 , Y02E10/542
摘要： A photovoltaic cell for converting a light source into electricity, including: (a) a housing for the photovoltaic cell, including: (i) an at least partially transparent cell wall; (b) at least one electrically-conductive element, disposed at least partially within the photovoltaic cell, for boosting collection of a current generated by the cell; (c) a conductive coating, electrically associated with the electrically-conductive element, and disposed on a surface within the photovoltaic cell; (d) an electrolyte, disposed within the cell wall, the electrolyte containing a redox species, and (e) a current collection element, disposed on a side of the cell wall, wherein the current collection element is electrically connected to the electrically-conductive element, so as to remove the current produced by the cell.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将光源转换成电的光伏电池，包括：（a）用于光伏电池的壳体，包括：（i）至少部分透明的电池壁; （b）至少部分地设置在所述光伏电池内的至少一个导电元件，用于增强由所述电池产生的电流的收集; （c）与所述导电元件电连接并设置在所述光伏电池内的表面上的导电涂层; （d）设置在细胞壁内的电解质，含有氧化还原物质的电解质，和（e）设置在细胞壁侧面的电流收集元件，其中电流收集元件电连接到导电 元件，以便去除由电池产生的电流。
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公开(公告)号：US5569555A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-29
申请号：US321788
申请日：1994-10-12
CPC分类号： H01M6/52 , B02C1/005 , B02C1/04 , B02C1/10 , H01M12/06 , H01M2004/024 , H01M4/02 , Y02W30/84
摘要： The invention provides a process for removing discharged active zinc-containing material from a mechanically rechargeable zinc battery anode, containing the same, the anode being of the type comprising a skeletal frame, including conductive metal and having a portion of a surface area thereof formed as open spaces, and an active zinc anode component compacted into a rigid static bed of active anode material encompassing the skeletal frame, and having two opposite major surfaces, the process comprising introducing the anode between a pair of spaced-apart first and second crusher plates, each of the crusher plates being provided with a plurality of pointed projections of varying heights and a plurality of recesses of varying depths, the crusher plates being aligned with each other to the effect that tips of projections of the first crusher plate substantially mutually occlude with recesses provided on the second crusher plate and tips of projections of the second crusher plate substantially mutually occlude with recesses provided on the first surface; abruptly reducing the space between adjacent crusher plates said anode bed; moving said crusher plates away from said deformed anode bed and then displacing said deformed bed, along at least a first axis, by at least half the distance between adjacent projection tips of at least one of said crusher plates; again abruptly reducing the space between adjacent crusher plates; and repeating the last two steps until the fragmentation of the bed and the dislodgement of the resulting fragmented particles from the skeletal frame are achieved.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种从含有它的机械可再充电锌电池阳极去除排出的活性含锌材料的方法，阳极是包括骨架的类型，包括导电金属，其表面积的一部分形成为 开放空间和活性锌阳极组件，其压实成包围骨架框架的活性阳极材料的刚性静态床，并且具有两个相对的主表面，该方法包括将阳极引入在一对间隔开的第一和第二破碎板之间， 每个破碎机板设置有多个具有不同高度的尖锐突起和多个不同深度的凹槽，该破碎机板彼此对准，使得第一破碎机板的突起的顶端基本上相互阻塞凹陷 设置在第二破碎机板和第二破碎机板的突起的尖端 与设在第一表面上的凹槽相互堵塞; 突然减少相邻的破碎机板之间的所述阳极床的空间; 将所述破碎机板移离所述变形的阳极床，然后沿着至少第一轴线将所述变形床移位至少一个所述破碎机板的相邻突出尖端之间的距离的至少一半; 再次突然减少相邻的破碎机板之间的空间; 并重复最后两个步骤，直到达到床的分裂，并且得到所得到的碎片颗粒从骨骼框架上的脱落。
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