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1.发明授权Scrubber system for removing carbon dioxide from a metal-air or fuel cell battery 失效用于从金属空气或燃料电池中去除二氧化碳的洗涤器系统
公开(公告)号：US5595949A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US210333
申请日：1994-03-18
CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 , B01D53/62 , H01M6/5077 , Y02C10/04
摘要： A method for maximizing the effective life and utilization of CO.sub.2 -absorbent material in a scrubber system for removing carbon dioxide from an air inflow to a metal-air battery or fuel cell comprises providing, in such a battery, a housing including a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and at least one removable, gas-permeable container containing a CO.sub.2 -absorbent material, the container being positioned across the flow path of gas entering said inlet and exiting said outlet. After a predetermined utilization of the system, the at least one removable, gas-permeable container is removed therefrom and spent CO.sub.2 -absorbent material from the container is regenerated for reuse in the scrubber system, the regeneration including at least periodically removing accumulated Group 1a metal carbonate deposits.
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用于从金属 - 空气电池或燃料电池的空气流入中除去二氧化碳的洗涤器系统中的CO 2吸收材料的有效寿命和利用最大化的方法包括在这种电池中提供包括气体入口的壳体， 气体出口和至少一个包含CO 2吸收材料的可移除气体可渗透的容器，所述容器位于进入所述入口并离开所述出口的气体的流动路径上。 在系统的预定利用之后，从其中去除至少一个可移除的透气性容器，并从容器中再次使用废弃的二氧化碳吸收材料以在洗涤器系统中重新使用，再生至少周期性地除去累积的第1a组金属 碳酸盐矿床。
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公开(公告)号：US5419987A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-30
申请号：US174005
申请日：1993-12-28
摘要： An electrochemically prepared, high-performance, zinc powder has an apparent density of about 0.2-2 g/cc and a surface area of about 0.5-6 m.sup.2 /gm and further has at least one corrosion inhibitor metal intrinsically alloyed therein.
摘要翻译： 电化学制备的高性能锌粉具有约0.2-2g / cc的表观密度和约0.5-6m 2 / gm的表面积，并且还具有至少一种内在合金化的腐蚀抑制剂金属。
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公开(公告)号：US5487955A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US387277
申请日：1995-02-13
CPC分类号： H01M6/5038 , H01M12/065 , H01M2004/024
摘要： The invention provides a multi-cell, sealed, cooled, zinc-oxygen battery, comprising a container containing a plurality of bi-cells, each cell having a housing provided with two major surfaces and accommodating a pair of oppositely-disposed, spaced-apart, air-permeable, liquid-impermeable cathodes in the form of oxygen-reduction electrodes, and defining between themselves a cavity configured to accommodate an anode of the battery and electrolyte, substantial portions of the major surfaces of the housing being removed, thus exposing major portions of the oxygen-reduction electrodes, and wherein two major surfaces are partly recessed in such a way as to form, in conjunction with a similarly-recessed outer surface of a major wall of an adjacent cell housing, an inter-cathode gas space between adjacent cells with a plurality of oxygen access openings leading thereto; an anode positioned within the cavity and comprising an active zinc anode component compacted into a rigid static bed of active anode material of tight interparticulate structure, the anode being provided with at least one internal fluid-carrying passage with inlet and outlet means, for circulating cooling fluid therethrough; a dead space volume between inner surfaces of the housing and the plurality of bi-cells; and pressurized oxygen supply means for feeding oxygen to the dead space volume, for consumption in the inter-cathode gas spaces.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种多单元，密封，冷却的锌氧电池，其包括容纳多个双电池的容器，每个电池单元具有设置有两个主表面并容纳一对相对布置的间隔开的壳体 以氧还原电极形式的透气的不透液体阴极，并且在它们之间限定构造成容纳电池和电解质的阳极的空腔，外壳的主要表面的大部分被去除，从而暴露主要 氧还原电极的一部分，并且其中两个主表面部分地凹入，以便与相邻电池壳体的主壁的类似凹陷的外表面一起形成阴极间气体空间 相邻的电池具有通向其的多个氧气进入开口; 阳极位于空腔内并且包括活性锌阳极组件，该活性锌阳极组件压实成紧密的颗粒间结构的活性阳极材料的刚性静态床，阳极设置有至少一个具有入口和出口装置的内部流体输送通道，用于循环冷却 流体通过; 所述壳体的内表面与所述多个双电池之间的死空间体积; 以及用于将氧气供给死空间体积的加压供氧装置，用于在阴极间气体空间中消耗。
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4.发明授权Electrochemical metal-air cell and electrically and mechanically rechargeable anodes for use therein 失效电化学金属空气电池和电气和机械可充电阳极用于其中
公开(公告)号：US5318861A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US2656
申请日：1993-01-11
IPC分类号： H01M2/16 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/24 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/66 , H01M4/70 , H01M4/74 , H01M4/75 , H01M4/76 , H01M12/08 , H01M8/18
CPC分类号： H01M4/745 , B60L11/1879 , H01M12/08 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/244 , H01M4/628 , H01M4/667 , H01M4/70 , H01M4/742 , H01M4/747 , H01M2/1673 , H01M2004/024 , H01M2004/027 , H01M4/043 , H01M4/625 , H01M4/661 , H01M4/75 , H01M4/762 , Y02E60/128 , Y02T10/7005 , Y02T10/705
摘要： An electrochemical metal-air cell for multiple discharge and recharge cycles, includes a housing for accommodating a replaceable metal electrode having a generally planar electrically conductive skeletal member encompassed by an active metal component. At least one generally planar, air permeable but liquid impermeable air electrode is installed at at-least one of the sides of the housing. An electrolyte is provided in contact with the metal and the air electrodes. One or more auxiliary electrodes each constituting a charging anode is engaged when electric current is applied thereto for effecting the reduction and regeneration of the active metal component in one mode of operation, during which the air electrode is disengaged. The charging anode is disengaged in another mode of operation. The metal electrode is removed from the housing to enable the mechanical replacement thereof and is recharged in situ when electric current is applied to the auxiliary charging anode to reduce oxidized active metal thereof.
摘要翻译： 一种用于多次放电和再充电循环的电化学金属 - 空气电池，包括用于容纳具有由活性金属组分包围的大致平坦的导电骨架构件的可替换金属电极的壳体。 在壳体的至少一个侧面上安装至少一个通常为平面的透气但不透液体的空气电极。 提供与金属和空气电极接触的电解质。 当施加电流时，将构成充电阳极的一个或多个辅助电极接合，以在一个操作模式中进行活性金属组分的还原和再生，在此期间空气极脱离。 充电阳极在另一种操作模式下脱离。 将金属电极从外壳中取出以使其能够进行机械更换，并且当向辅助充电阳极施加电流以还原其氧化的活性金属时，将其原位再充电。
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公开(公告)号：US5554918A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-10
申请号：US208016
申请日：1994-03-08
CPC分类号： H01M10/0422 , H01M12/08 , H01M2004/024 , Y02E60/128
摘要： A mechanically-rechargeable single-cell consumer electric battery for generating up to two volts, the battery being capable of electrical recharge. The battery including a replaceable zinc anode, a housing containing the anode and provided with an aperture sealed by a removable closure, the aperture being sufficiently large to allow removal and replacement therethrough of at least the zinc anode, a cathode selected from the group including a manganese dioxide electrode, a nickel hydroxide electrode, a silver oxide electrode, and an air electrode also contained in the housing, a non-spillable electrolyte in contact with both cathode and anode, and a separator system physically separating the anode from the cathode.
摘要翻译： 用于产生高达两伏的机械可充电单电池消费电池，电池能够进行充电。 该电池包括一个可更换的锌阳极，一个容纳阳极的壳体，并设置有一个由一个可移除的封闭件密封的孔，该孔足够大以允许至少锌阳极从其中移除和替换，该阴极选自包括 还包含在壳体中的二氧化锰电极，氢氧化镍电极，氧化银电极和空气电极，与阴极和阳极接触的不可溢出电解质以及将阳极与阴极物理分离的隔离体系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5418080A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US269846
申请日：1994-07-01
CPC分类号： H01M12/065 , H01M2/162 , H01M2/1673 , H01M2004/024 , H01M4/02 , H01M8/0273
摘要： A mechanically rechargeable, electrochemical metal-air battery of the type having a plurality of metal-air cells, each of said cells comprising (a) a housing having a base, two major surfaces and two minor surfaces, defining an interior space for containing therein a replaceable metal electrode having an electrically conductive skeletal member encompassed by an active metal component, the interior space communicating with an opening opposite the base through which the replaceable metal electrode is selectively removed to enable the mechanical replacement thereof with a freshly charged metal electrode; (b) at least one generally planar, air permeable but liquid impermeable, air electrode, each of the electrodes being installed in a window-like opening provided in at least one of the major surfaces; and (c) an electrolyte in contact with the metal and air electrodes; the improvement comprising a first woven mesh separator attached to an inner, electrolyte-facing surface of each of the air electrodes and a second, woven mesh separator attached to and covering a major surface of the replaceable metal electrode facing each of the air electrodes, the first and second woven mesh separators being in sliding relationship to each other.
摘要翻译： 一种机械可再充电的具有多个金属空气电池的电化学金属空气电池，每个所述电池包括（a）具有基座，两个主表面和两个次表面的壳体，其限定用于容纳在其中的内部空间 具有由活性金属组分包围的导电骨架构件的可替换金属电极，所述内部空间与与所述基座相对的开口相通，通过所述开口可选择地去除所述可更换金属电极，以使其能够用新鲜充电的金属电极进行机械置换; （b）至少一个大致平面的透气但不透液体的空气电极，每个电极安装在设置在至少一个主表面上的窗口开口中; 和（c）与金属和空气电极接触的电解质; 所述改进包括附接到每个空气电极的内部面向电解质的表面的第一织网分离器和附接到并覆盖面对每个空气电极的可更换金属电极的主表面的第二织造网分离器， 第一和第二编织网分离器彼此滑动关系。
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公开(公告)号：US5441823A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-15
申请号：US269845
申请日：1994-07-01
申请人： Neal Naimer , Jonathan R. Goldstein
发明人： Neal Naimer , Jonathan R. Goldstein
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M12/06 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： The invention provides a process for preparing a gas-diffusion electrode for metal-air batteries and fuel cells of the type having a blocking layer formed from a precursor containing carbon black and particulate hydrophobic polymeric binders, comprising heating the carbon black at a temperature of about 400.degree.-1,200.degree. C. for a period of about 1-10 hours in a reducing environment, prior to the formation of the precursor, whereby hydrophilic centers in the pre-treated carbon black are minimized without increasing its corrosivity/surface area and thereby increasing the stability in concentrated KOH at high-cell operating temperatures of a blocking layer formed from the pre-treated carbon black.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种制备用于金属 - 空气电池和燃料电池的气体扩散电极的方法，所述燃料电池具有由含有炭黑和颗粒状疏水性聚合物粘合剂的前体形成的阻挡层，包括在约 在还原环境中，在形成前体之前，在400°-1200℃下进行约1-10小时的时间，由此预处理炭黑中的亲水中心最小化，而不增加其腐蚀性/表面积 在由预处理的炭黑形成的阻挡层的高电池工作温度下提高浓缩KOH的稳定性。
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公开(公告)号：US5242765A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-07
申请号：US903115
申请日：1992-06-23
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M4/86 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： The invention provides a gas diffusion electrode containing a fiber reinforced composite structure in a layer thereof, the structure comprising structurally intact fibers precoated with sinterable polymeric material, which material is heat sintered, whereby the fibers are bonded to each other and to other components of the structure by the sintered polymeric material, while maintaining their individual fibrous structure and strength.
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公开(公告)号：US5312701A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US62835
申请日：1993-05-18
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M4/86 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： The invention provides a single pass wet fabrication process for preparing a gas diffusion electrode for metal-air batteries and fuel cells comprising:a) preparing an active-layer forming dispersion containing catalyzed carbon black, hydrophilic fluorinated polymer and particulate hydrophobic fluorinated polymer in a liquid medium;b) preparing a blocking-layer forming dispersion containing carbon black and particulate hydrophobic polymeric binders in a liquid medium;c) filtering a first of the layer forming dispersions though filtering means to deposit a first layer of damp solids mass;d) filtering a second of the layer forming dispersions through the first deposited damp solids mass before the drying or sintering of the first deposited damp solids mass in order to deposit a second layer of damp solids mass thereon in such a manner that lower components of the second layer of damp solids mass are intermixed with upper components of the first layer of deposited damp solids mass;e) drying and compressing the composite first and second layers with a conductive metal mesh incorporated therein; andf) heating the dried layers to a temperature above the sintering temperature of the hydrophobic polymer while applying pressure thereto thereby causing the polymeric materials of both layers to sinter and bond with each other and with other components of the layers.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于制备用于金属 - 空气电池和燃料电池的气体扩散电极的单程湿式制造方法，包括：a）在液体中制备含有催化炭黑，亲水性氟化聚合物和颗粒状疏水氟化聚合物的活性层形成分散体 中; b）在液体介质中制备含有炭黑和颗粒状疏水性聚合物粘合剂的阻挡层形成分散体; c）通过过滤装置过滤第一层形成分散体以沉积第一层潮湿固体物质; d）在干燥或烧结第一沉积的湿固体物质之前，通过第一沉积的湿固体物质过滤第二层形成分散体，以便在其上沉积第二层潮湿固体物质，使得其中较低的成分 第二层湿固体质量与第一层沉积湿固体质量的上部组分混合; e）用并入其中的导电金属网来干燥和压缩复合材料第一和第二层; 以及f）将干燥的层加热至高于疏水性聚合物的烧结温度的温度，同时施加压力，由此使两层的聚合材料彼此烧结并结合，并与层的其它组分结合。
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公开(公告)号：US06436539B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09131803
申请日：1998-08-10
申请人： Jonathan R. Goldstein , Inna Gektin
发明人： Jonathan R. Goldstein , Inna Gektin
IPC分类号： C22C1800
CPC分类号： C25C5/02 , B22F2998/00 , C22C1/04 , C22C18/00 , H01M4/244 , H01M4/42 , Y10T428/2998 , B22F1/0007 , B22F1/0011
摘要： A method of producing a mercury-free corrosion resistant dendritic zinc alloy powder is provided. According to the method an electrolytic cell is prepared that contains an aqueous alkaline electrolyte with a preselected concentration of dissolved zinc cations and optionally the cations of one or more soluble inhibitor metals. The cell also contains a non-zinc adherent cathode, a first anode, and a second anode. The second anode comprises an inhibitor metal, the salts of which are only sparingly soluble in the alkaline electrolyte. For example, the second anode may comprise a minor anode of indium or bismuth interposed between the first or major anode and the cathode. A first voltage between the first anode and cathode is then applied to establish a desired cathode current density and the deposition of dendritic zinc and optional soluble inhibitor metals on the cathode. Concurrently a second voltage between the second anode and cathode is applied to establish a desired current density at the second anode and the simultaneous co-deposition of a desired concentration of the first inhibitor metal in the dendritic zinc being deposited on the cathode. Intermittently the deposited zinc alloy is removed from the cathode and homogenized into a plurality of dendritic zinc alloy particles. According to the method, mercury-free electrolytic zinc alloy powders with effective corrosion inhibiting concentrations of indium and/or bismuth either alone or in combination with other inhibitor metals can be produced. The corrosion resistant zinc alloy powders have a dendritic morphology that is advantageous for battery applications.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种生产无汞耐腐蚀树枝状锌合金粉末的方法。 根据该方法，制备包含具有预选浓度的溶解的锌阳离子和任选的一种或多种可溶性抑制剂金属的阳离子的碱性电解质水溶液的电解池。 电池还包含非锌粘附阴极，第一阳极和第二阳极。 第二阳极包含一种抑制剂金属，其盐类在碱性电解质中微溶。 例如，第二阳极可以包括介于第一或主阳极和阴极之间的铟或铋的次阳极。 然后施加第一阳极和阴极之间的第一电压以建立所需的阴极电流密度以及在阴极上沉积树枝状锌和任选的可溶性阻挡剂金属。 同时施加第二阳极和阴极之间的第二电压以在第二阳极处建立期望的电流密度，并且同时共沉积沉积在阴极上的树枝状锌中的所需浓度的第一抑制剂金属。 间歇地将沉积的锌合金从阴极去除并均质化成多个树枝状锌合金颗粒。 根据该方法，可以制备单独或与其它抑制剂金属组合的具有铟和/或铋的有效腐蚀抑制浓度的无汞电解锌合金粉末。 耐腐蚀锌合金粉末具有树枝状形态，对于电池应用是有利的。
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