公开(公告)号：US4362968A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-07

申请号：US162702

申请日：1980-06-24

申请人： Kwo R. Chu ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Victor L. Granatstein

发明人： Kwo R. Chu ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Victor L. Granatstein

IPC分类号： H01J25/02 ,  H01J25/34

CPC分类号： H01J25/02

摘要： A slow-wave, cyclotron-type, travelling-wave-tube amplifier in which the m-wave interaction is the result of a Weibel-type instability. The travelling wave is slowed down in its propagation through the waveguide by a dielectric liner located on the inner wall of the waveguide. The bunching mechanism is the result of the V.sub..perp. .times.B.sub..perp. Lorentz force.

摘要翻译： 一种慢波，回旋加速器型行波管放大器，其中波束相互作用是威贝尔型不稳定性的结果。 行波通过位于波导内壁上的绝缘衬垫通过波导的传播减慢。 聚束机制是V正交xB正交洛伦兹力的结果。

公开(公告)号：US4331936A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-25

申请号：US92801

申请日：1979-11-09

申请人： S. Perry Schlesinger ,  Thomas C. Marshall ,  David B. McDermott ,  Victor L. Granatstein ,  Robert K. Parker ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Philip C. Efthimion

发明人： S. Perry Schlesinger ,  Thomas C. Marshall ,  David B. McDermott ,  Victor L. Granatstein ,  Robert K. Parker ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Philip C. Efthimion

IPC分类号： H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S3/0903

摘要： The generation of very high power pulses of coherent electromagnetic radiation that are continuously tunable in frequency is accomplished by means of a free electron laser in which a hollow relativistic electron beam is projected along the longitudinal axis of an evacuated drift tube. A first magnetic field expands the electron beam into an annular peripheral interaction region of the drift tube where the beam interacts with a second periodic radial magnetic field. Frequency is varied by changing the electron velocity of the electron beam or by changing the periodicity of the radial magnetic field. The device can be made to operate as an oscillator by the inclusion of resonant cavity defining mirrors within the interaction region, or as an amplifier by injecting a coherent radiation signal into the interaction region. Both oscillator and amplifier functions can be incorporated into a single device. Linewidth is narrowed by utilizing a Smith-Fox interferometer to couple the generated coherent radiation into an output light pipe.

摘要翻译： 通过自由电子激光器实现在频率上连续可调谐的相干电磁辐射的非常高功率脉冲的产生，其中空心相对论电子束沿抽真空漂移管的纵向轴线投射。 第一磁场将电子束扩展到漂移管的环形外围相互作用区域，其中光束与第二周期性径向磁场相互作用。 通过改变电子束的电子速度或通过改变径向磁场的周期来改变频率。 该器件可以通过在相互作用区域中包含限定反射镜的谐振腔，或者通过将相干辐射信号注入到相互作用区域中而作为放大器而作为振荡器来操作。 振荡器和放大器功能都可以并入单个器件。 利用Smith-Fox干涉仪将所产生的相干辐射耦合到输出光管中，使线宽变窄。

公开(公告)号：US3958189A

公开(公告)日：1976-05-18

申请号：US583729

申请日：1975-06-04

申请人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Victor L. Granatstein

发明人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Victor L. Granatstein

IPC分类号： H01S1/00 ,  H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S1/005

摘要： An improved apparatus and technique for providing tunable high power millimeter and submillimeter radiation. A tunable source of microwave energy is coupled to an evacuated drift tube in which an intense relativistic electron beam is propagated while constrained in a magnetic field having a direction parallel to the direction of the electron beam. The microwave energy is directed in a direction opposite to the direction of the electron beam to generate millimeter or submillimeter radiation by backscattering from the intense relativistic electron beam. By tuning the frequency of the microwave energy to be mismatched by a specific amount from the electron cyclotron frequency in the rest frame of the electrons at high beam currents, a coherent scattering of microwave energy from electron bunches will produce enhanced power output of millimeter and submillimeter radiation.

公开(公告)号：US4370621A

公开(公告)日：1983-01-25

申请号：US129294

申请日：1980-03-11

申请人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Robert A. Smith ,  Kwo R. Chu

发明人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Robert A. Smith ,  Kwo R. Chu

IPC分类号： H01J25/02 ,  H01S1/00 ,  H01S4/00

CPC分类号： H01S1/005 ,  H01J25/025

摘要： An electron cyclotron maser high-frequency generator/amplifier having a cavity resonator positioned in an axial magnetic field. A spiralling beam of relativistic electrons is injected into the cavity and stimulated emission of radiation by the electrons takes place at the frequency of a wave mode supported by the cavity resonator. The transverse efficiency, defined as the average electron energy loss divided by its initial transverse energy, is maximized by disposing a shaped iron collar about the cavity resonator to provide an axial magnetic field in the cavity resonator whose amplitude increases in the beam direction-of-travel. In an alternative embodiment, the transverse efficiency is maximized by tapering the inner wall of the cavity in the axial direction to provide a wave-mode in the cavity resonator whose electric-field amplitude increases in the beam direction-of-travel.

摘要翻译： 具有位于轴向磁场中的空腔谐振器的电子回旋加速器激光器高频发生器/放大器。 将相对论电子的螺旋形光束注入空腔中，并且通过由腔谐振器支持的波模式的频率发生受电子辐射的辐射。 定义为平均电子能量损失除以其初始横向能量的横向效率通过在空腔谐振器周围设置成形铁圈来在腔谐振器中提供轴向磁场而最大化，其中振子在波束方向上的振幅增加， 旅行。 在替代实施例中，横向效率通过使空腔的内壁沿轴向方向逐渐变细来最大化，以在空腔谐振器中提供波模式，其中电场振幅在光束行进方向上增加。

公开(公告)号：US08665923B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-04

申请号：US13334172

申请日：2011-12-22

申请人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Marlan O. Scully ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

发明人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Marlan O. Scully ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

IPC分类号： H01S3/091

CPC分类号： H01S3/2237 ,  H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/0959 ,  H01S3/104 ,  H01S3/2391

摘要： A laser pulse from an ultrashort pulse laser (USPL) is fired into the atmosphere. The USPL pulse is configured to generate a plasma filament at a predefined target in the atmosphere, in which free, or “seed,” electrons are generated by multi-photon or tunneling ionization of the air molecules in the filament. A second pulse is fired into the atmosphere to form a heater beam that impinges on the plasma filament and thermalizes the seed electrons within the plasma filament, leading to the collisional excitation of the electrons in the filament. The excited electrons collisionally excite various electronic and vibrational states of the air molecules in the filament, causing population inversions and lasing, e.g., exciting the C3Πu→B3Πg(v=0→0) transition of the N2 in the atmosphere to cause lasing at 337 nm.

摘要翻译： 来自超短脉冲激光（USPL）的激光脉冲被激发到大气中。 USPL脉冲被配置为在大气中的预定目标下产生等离子体灯丝，其中通过灯丝中的空气分子的多光子或隧道电离产生游离或“种子”电子。 将第二脉冲发射到大气中以形成冲击等离子体灯丝的加热器束，并使等离子体灯丝内的种子电子发热，导致灯丝中电子的碰撞激发。 激发的电子碰撞地激发细丝中空气分子的各种电子和振动状态，引起群体反转和激光，例如激发大气中N2的C3Piu→B3Pig（v = 0→0）跃迁，引起激光 在337nm。

公开(公告)号：US5353291A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-04

申请号：US20158

申请日：1993-02-19

申请人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Antonio Ting ,  Eric H. Esarey ,  Amnon Fisher ,  Gerard Mourou ,  Ravindra Sudan

发明人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Antonio Ting ,  Eric H. Esarey ,  Amnon Fisher ,  Gerard Mourou ,  Ravindra Sudan

IPC分类号： H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H11/02 ,  H01S3/30

CPC分类号： H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H11/02

摘要： The laser synchrotron source (LSS) utilizes a high peak power or high average power laser to generate within a vacuum chamber a laser beam travelling in one direction to interact with an electron beam traveling in an opposite direction in order to generate high-power x-rays. A ring resonator formed by a plurality of mirrors directs the laser beam in a closed loop to impact with the electron beam to produce x-rays. Concave mirrors in the ring resonator focus the laser beam upon the point where the laser beam interacts with the electron beam to intensify the laser energy at that point. When a radio frequency linear accelerator (rf linac) is used to produce the electron beam, x-rays having a short pulse length are generated. When a betatron is used as an electron source, x-rays having a long pulse length are generated.

摘要翻译： 激光同步加速器源（LSS）利用高峰值功率或高平均功率激光器在真空室内产生沿一个方向传播的激光束，以与沿相反方向传播的电子束相互作用，以产生大功率x射线 射线 由多个反射镜形成的环形谐振器将激光束导向闭环以与电子束冲击以产生x射线。 环形谐振腔中的凹面镜将激光束聚焦在激光束与电子束相互作用的点上，以加强激光能量。 当使用射频线性加速器（rf线性加速器）产生电子束时，产生具有短脉冲长度的x射线。 当使用betatron作为电子源时，产生具有长脉冲长度的x射线。

公开(公告)号：US08564224B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-22

申请号：US13109131

申请日：2011-05-17

申请人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

发明人： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

IPC分类号： H01J23/06 ,  H01J3/14

CPC分类号： H01J23/06

摘要： An electron injector including an electron source and a conducting grid situated close to the electron source, one or more RF accelerating/bunching cavities operating at the same fundamental RF frequency; a DC voltage source configured to bias the cathode at a small positive voltage with respect to the grid; a first RF drive configured to apply an RF signal between the cathode and grid at the fundamental and third harmonic RF frequencies; and a second RF drive configured to apply an RF drive signal to the accelerating/bunching cavities. Electrons are emitted by the cathode and travel through the grid to the accelerating/bunching cavities for input into an RF linac. The first RF drive applies a first RF drive signal at the fundamental frequency of the linac plus higher harmonics thereof to the gap between the cathode and the grid to cause the emitted electrons to form electron bunches and the second RF drive applies a second RF drive signal to the accelerating/bunching cavities on the other side of the grid to further accelerate and optimize the size of the electron bunches. Because the applied RF signals contain at the fundamental linac frequency, the electrons are bunched at that frequency and each RF bucket of the linac is filled with an electron bunch.

摘要翻译： 一种电子注入器，包括靠近电子源的电子源和导电栅格，在相同的基本RF频率下工作的一个或多个RF加速/聚束腔; DC电压源，被配置为相对于所述栅极以小的正电压偏压所述阴极; 第一RF驱动器，被配置为在所述基极和三次谐波RF频率处在所述阴极和电网之间施加RF信号; 以及被配置为将RF驱动信号施加到加速/聚束空腔的第二RF驱动器。 电子由阴极发射并通过栅格传播到加速/聚束腔，以输入到RF线性加速器。 第一RF驱动器将线性加速器的基频加上其高次谐波的第一RF驱动信号施加到阴极和栅格之间的间隙，以使发射的电子形成电子束，并且第二RF驱动器施加第二RF驱动信号 到网格另一侧的加速/聚束腔，以进一步加速和优化电子束的尺寸。 因为所施加的RF信号包含基线频率，所以电子以该频率聚束，并且直线加速器的每个RF桶被电子束填充。

公开(公告)号：US20120327963A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-27

申请号：US13529167

申请日：2012-06-21

申请人： Richard F. Hubbard ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Peñano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Bahman Hafizi ,  Arie Zigler

发明人： Richard F. Hubbard ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Peñano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Bahman Hafizi ,  Arie Zigler

IPC分类号： H01S3/13

CPC分类号： H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/005 ,  H05G2/00

摘要： A system and methods for the quasi-remote compression and focusing of a moderate-intensity laser pulse to form a much higher intensity beam that can be directed at a target and used as a probe beam or used in a probe beam converter to generate other forms of electromagnetic radiation or energetic particles. A system for the quasi-remote propagation of high-intensity laser beams in accordance with the present invention comprises a main platform on which a first, “seed” laser pulse is generated, stretched, and amplified, and a remote platform, located at a distance from the main platform, which is configured to receive the amplified and stretched pulse and convert it into the high-intensity laser beam. The high-intensity laser beam in turn can then be converted into one or more probe beams directed at a target object.

摘要翻译： 用于准远程压缩和聚焦中等强度激光脉冲以形成更高强度的光束的系统和方法，其可以指向目标并用作探测光束或用于探测光束转换器以产生其他形式 的电磁辐射或高能粒子。 根据本发明的用于高强度激光束的准远程传播的系统包括主平台，其上产生，拉伸和放大第一种子激光脉冲，以及远离平台，远离平台 主平台被配置为接收放大和拉伸的脉冲并将其转换成高强度激光束。 然后可以将高强度激光束转换为指向目标物体的一个或多个探测光束。

公开(公告)号：US20090184258A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-23

申请号：US12407429

申请日：2009-03-19

申请人： Antonio C. Ting ,  Ilya Alexeev ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Richard F. Hubbard ,  Glenn Rubel ,  Eldridge C. Briscoe ,  Christopher I. Moore

发明人： Antonio C. Ting ,  Ilya Alexeev ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Richard F. Hubbard ,  Glenn Rubel ,  Eldridge C. Briscoe ,  Christopher I. Moore

IPC分类号： G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N21/6408 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01N21/1717 ,  G01N21/6404 ,  G01N21/6486 ,  G01N2021/6423

摘要： A system for detecting atmospheric contamination, the system comprising a laser operable to generate an infrared light beam comprising a longitudinal component and a transverse component the laser remote from the atmospheric contamination, and a processor operable to process a flouresence resulting from contact between the atmospheric contamination and an ultraviolet light being generated from the longitudinal and transverse components of the infrared light of the laser, wherein the processor determines the identity of the fluorescence by comparing the fluorescence to known fluorescence.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测大气污染的系统，所述系统包括可操作以产生包含远离大气污染物的激光器的纵向分量和横向分量的红外光束的激光器，以及可操作以处理由大气污染物之间的接触产生的荧光 并且从激光的红外光的纵向和横向分量产生紫外光，其中处理器通过将荧光与已知荧光进行比较来确定荧光的身份。

公开(公告)号：US4150340A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-17

申请号：US889797

申请日：1978-03-22

申请人： Christos A. Kapetanakos ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Redge A. Mahaffey ,  Jeffry Golden

发明人： Christos A. Kapetanakos ,  Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Redge A. Mahaffey ,  Jeffry Golden

IPC分类号： H01J25/74 ,  H03B9/01

CPC分类号： H01J25/74

摘要： A reflecting electron tube for producing high-power, high-frequency, monoomatic microwave pulses includes an anode which produces little or no ion flux when struck by electrons emitted from a cathode, and requires no applied, external magnetic field. An anode support holding the anode and a cathode shank which supports the cathode are positioned within a vacuum chamber such that the anode is closely spaced from the cathode. The anode support is connected to a pulsed high-voltage supply located external to the chamber. The anode is formed from a material which does not produce a significant amount of ion flux but does permit electrons emitted from the cathode to oscillate through the anode. Electrons oscillating in phase bunch together within the potential well of the system and emit microwave radiation.

摘要翻译： 用于产生高功率，高频单色微波脉冲的反射电子管包括当从阴极发射的电子撞击时产生很少或没有离子通量的阳极，并且不需要施加外部磁场。 保持阳极的阳极支撑件和支撑阴极的阴极柄被定位在真空室内，使得阳极与阴极紧密地间隔开。 阳极支撑件连接到位于室外部的脉冲高压电源。 阳极由不产生大量离子通量的材料形成，但是允许从阴极发射的电子通过阳极振荡。 电子振荡在相位串联在系统的潜在的井内并发射微波辐射。