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    Process for improving biodegradability of PVC
    1.
    发明授权
    Process for improving biodegradability of PVC 失效
    提高PVC生物降解性的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5324817A

    公开(公告)日：1994-06-28

    申请号：US63396

    申请日：1993-05-18

    申请人： Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Michael Siskin ,  George A. Knudsen

    发明人： Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Michael Siskin ,  George A. Knudsen

    IPC分类号： C08F8/26 ,  C08F6/26

    CPC分类号： C08F8/26

    摘要： The present invention relates to a process for dehydrochlorinating polyvinylchloride polymers to remove about 30 wt % chlorine therefrom by heating the starting materials PVC and deoxygenated liquid water, preferably neutral liquid water at temperatures from about 200.degree. C. up to the critical temperature of water at autogenous pressure to maintain the water as a liquid phase. The process has utility in recycling by enabling PVC to be dechlorinated specifically by a means that does not release chlorine gas.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过将起始材料PVC和脱氧液体水（优选中性液体水）在约200℃至约临界温度的温度下加热来除去约30重量％氯的氯乙烯聚合物脱氯化氢的方法 自发压力保持水为液相。 该方法可以通过使PVC不特别地通过不释放氯气的方式脱氯来实现再循环。

    Process for depolymerization of polyacrylonitrile using hot water
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for depolymerization of polyacrylonitrile using hot water 失效
    使用热水解聚聚丙烯腈的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5312898A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-17

    申请号：US812250

    申请日：1991-12-20

    申请人： Michael Siskin ,  Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  George A. Knudsen

    发明人： Michael Siskin ,  Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  George A. Knudsen

    IPC分类号： C08F8/12 ,  C08F8/50 ,  C08F6/00

    CPC分类号： C08F8/50

    摘要： The present invention relates to a process for depolymerizing polyacrylonitrile into water soluble by-products, including ammonia and lower molecular weight carbonaceous materials by contacting the starting materials, polyacrylonitrile, and neutral, hot liquid water at a temperature from about 200.degree. C. up to the critical temperature of water at autogenous pressure. The present invention has utility as a means for degrading polyacrylonitrile without producing toxic hydrogen cyanide as a by-product.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使原料，聚丙烯腈和中性热液体水在约200℃至约200℃的温度下接触将聚丙烯腈解聚为水溶性副产物，包括氨和低分子量碳质材料的方法， 自生压力下水的临界温度。 本发明作为用于降解聚丙烯腈而不产生有毒的氰化氢作为副产物的方法是有用的。

    Reactive separation process
    3.
    发明授权
    Reactive separation process 失效
    反应分离过程

    公开(公告)号：US5453561A

    公开(公告)日：1995-09-26

    申请号：US187673

    申请日：1994-01-27

    申请人： Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Michael Siskin ,  Glen B. Brons ,  Stephen N. Vaughn ,  Richard H. Schlosberg

    发明人： Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Michael Siskin ,  Glen B. Brons ,  Stephen N. Vaughn ,  Richard H. Schlosberg

    IPC分类号： B01D17/025 ,  C07C7/148 ,  C07C11/02 ,  C07C29/10 ,  C10G50/00 ,  C07C7/00

    CPC分类号： C07C29/10 ,  C07C7/148

    摘要： The invention concerns a method for reactive separation of mixtures containing hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons, by contacting a mixture of hydrocarbons such as C.sub.2 to C.sub.26 hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof and oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as C.sub.2 to C.sub.40 oxygenated hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof to form a mixture of hydrocarbons and lower molecular weight oxygenated hydrocarbons and heating the mixture in water at temperature typically from about and pressure sufficient to cleave the oxygenated hydrocarbons to lower molecular weight products to form a liquid layer containing water soluble reaction products and an organic layer containing primarily hydrocarbons.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使烃类混合物例如C 2至C 26烃及其混合物和含氧烃如C2至C40含氧烃及其混合物的混合物与烃和氧化烃的混合物进行反应分离的方法，以形成混合物 碳氢化合物和较低分子量的氧化烃，并将混合物在水中加热，其温度通常为足以将氧化烃切割成较低分子量产物的温度，形成含有水溶性反应产物和主要含有烃的有机层的液体层。

    Aquathermolytic cleavage of ethers
    4.
    发明授权
    Aquathermolytic cleavage of ethers 失效
    醚水解裂解

    公开(公告)号：US5043486A

    公开(公告)日：1991-08-27

    申请号：US572485

    申请日：1990-08-23

    申请人： Michael Siskin ,  Glen B. Brons ,  Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Stephen N. Vaughn

    发明人： Michael Siskin ,  Glen B. Brons ,  Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Stephen N. Vaughn

    IPC分类号： C07C29/10 ,  C07C31/02 ,  C07C31/10 ,  C07C31/12

    CPC分类号： C07C29/10

    摘要： The present invention provides for a simplified process for converting ethers into their corresponding alcohols comprising forming an aqueous mixture of the ether and at least about 50% by weight water and heating the mixture under autogeneous pressure at a temperature of from about 250.degree. to 450.degree. C., more preferably from about 250.degree. C. up to the critical temperature of water which is about 374.degree. C. Heating is continued for a period of time sufficient to convert at least about 20% by weight of the ether, usually from about 5 up to about 120 minutes, depending on temperature and the amount of water present, and the identity of the starting ether feedstock.The process may be characterized as an aquathermolysis reaction wherein the reaction proceeds in water primarily through ionic routes rather than through free radical routes. Accordingly, relatively high conversion rates and good yields of alcohol and other reaction by-products may be obtained without the necessity of using a catalyst in the process.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了将醚转化成其相应的醇的简化方法，包括形成醚的水性混合物和至少约50重量％的水，并在约250-450℃的温度下在自主压力下加热混合物 更优选约250℃至约374℃的水的临界温度。继续加热足够的时间以使至少约20重量％的乙醚转化成通常为约 5至约120分钟，这取决于温度和存在的水的量以及起始醚原料的特性。 该方法可以表征为水解溶解反应，其中反应在水中主要通过离子路线而不是通过自由基途径进行。 因此，可以获得醇和其它反应副产物的相对高的转化率和良好的产率，而不需要在该方法中使用催化剂。

    Catalyst comprising amorphous NiO on silica/alumina support
    9.
    发明授权
    Catalyst comprising amorphous NiO on silica/alumina support 失效
    包含在二氧化硅/氧化铝载体上的无定形NiO的催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US5169824A

    公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

    申请号：US644998

    申请日：1991-01-22

    申请人： Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Stuart L. Soled ,  Nicholas C. Dispenziere

    发明人： Ramzi Y. Saleh ,  Stuart L. Soled ,  Nicholas C. Dispenziere

    IPC分类号： B01J23/755 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J37/03

    CPC分类号： B01J37/0217 ,  B01J23/755 ,  B01J37/031

    摘要： The present invention provides for a catalyst composition which is effective for use in the production of dimer products and higher olefin products from lower olefins such as propylene and butene in high yields and with an average degree of branching in the dimer products of less than about 1.6 methyl groups per molecule, generally in the range of from about 1.0 to 1.4 methyl groups per molecule. The present invention also provides a process for producing such dimer and higher olefin products using the catalyst composition of this invention. The catalyst of the invention comprises an amorphous nickel oxide (NiO) present as a disperse substantial monolayer on the surfaces of a silica (SiO.sub.2) support, which support also contains minor amounts of an oxide of aluminum, gallium or indium such that the ratio of NiO to metal oxide present in the catalyst is within the range of from about 4:1 to about 100:1. The catalyst may be prepared by precipitating a water insoluble nickel salt onto the surfaces of a silica support which has been impregnated with the metal oxide or onto a silica-alumina support which has been dealuminized such that the resulting nickel oxide/alumina ratio will fall within the ranges set forth above. The catalyst may then be activated by calcination in the presence of oxygen at a temperature within the range of from about 500.degree. to 700.degree. C.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种催化剂组合物，其有效用于以高产率从低级烯烃如丙烯和丁烯生产二烯体产物和高级烯烃产物，并且二聚体产物中的平均支化度小于约1.6 每个分子的甲基基团，通常在每分子约1.0至1.4个甲基的范围内。 本发明还提供了使用本发明的催化剂组合物生产这种二聚物和较高级烯烃产物的方法。 本发明的催化剂包括在二氧化硅（SiO 2）载体的表面上作为分散实质单层存在的无定形氧化镍（NiO），该载体还含有少量的铝，镓或铟的氧化物， 存在于催化剂中的NiO与金属氧化物在约4:1至约100:1的范围内。 催化剂可以通过将水不溶性镍盐沉淀到已经浸渍有金属氧化物的二氧化硅载体的表面上或已经脱铝的二氧化硅 - 氧化铝载体上，使得所得到的氧化镍/氧化铝比落入 上述范围。 催化剂然后可以在氧的存在下在约500-700℃的温度下煅烧来活化。