公开(公告)号：US5497792A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

申请号：US122760

申请日：1987-11-19

申请人： Ravi Prasad ,  Harvey J. Grubbs

发明人： Ravi Prasad ,  Harvey J. Grubbs

IPC分类号： A24B15/24 ,  A24B15/26 ,  B01D11/02

CPC分类号： A24B15/26 ,  B01D11/0203

摘要： A process is provided for the improved removal of nicotine from tobacco. An essentially nicotine-free solvent in the supercritical or liquid state is fed into a first end of an extraction flow system containing tobacco and a nicotine-rich solvent is discharged from a second end of the extraction flow system. Periodically a portion of extracted tobacco is discharged from the first end of the extraction system while simultaneously a portion of an unextracted tobacco is charged to the second end of the extraction system. Nicotine is then entrapped in an entrapment material or otherwise removed from the solvent and solvent is recycled through the extraction flow system. Various materials are provided as entrapment materials. Among the entrapment materials provided are aqueous solutions containing absorbent selected from various acids and salts. Among the acids and salts provided as entrapment materials are sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, glutamic acid and monopotassium citrate.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进从烟草中除去尼古丁的方法。 将基本上不含尼古丁的超临界或液态溶剂进料到含有烟草的萃取流动系统的第一端中，并且富含尼古丁的溶剂从萃取流系统的第二端排出。 从提取系统的第一端周期性地抽出一部分提取的烟草，同时将一部分未提取的烟草充入提取系统的第二端。 然后将尼古丁包埋在夹带材料中或以其它方式从溶剂中除去，溶剂通过提取流系统再循环。 提供各种材料作为夹带材料。 所提供的包埋材料是含有选自各种酸和盐的吸收剂的水溶液。 作为包埋材料提供的酸和盐是硫酸，磷酸，硝酸，酒石酸，柠檬酸，苹果酸，乳酸，丙二酸，琥珀酸，乙酸，谷氨酸和柠檬酸一钾。

公开(公告)号：US5018540A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-28

申请号：US122761

申请日：1987-11-19

申请人： Harvey J. Grubbs ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Tony M. Howell

发明人： Harvey J. Grubbs ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Tony M. Howell

IPC分类号： A24B15/24 ,  C11B9/02

CPC分类号： A24B15/24 ,  C11B9/02

摘要： A process is provided for the selective removal of basic materials from plant products, in particular, for removing nicotine from tobacco without materially affecting the content of the other components of the tobacco. Tobacco is traversed with a solvent at high pressure and in a physical state which is either a liquid at a pressure of from about 500-300 atmospheres or a supercritical fluid wherein nicotine and the other components dissolve in the solvent. As the single means of removing substances from the solvent, the solvent is then passed through an acid-containing trap where the solvent is essentially freed of nicotine. The solvent, depleted of nicotine and enriched in the other components, is then recycled to the tobacco to reextract nicotine. In addition, the tobacco may be pretreated with a chemical base which does not substantially react with the tobacco components under ambient conditions and which are not necessarily affected by the process conditions but are nonetheless effective in increasing the amount of nicotine which can be extracted by the process of this invention. Pretreatment of the tobacco with a chemical base neutralizes nicotine salts and permits the extraction process to be carried out under milder conditions.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于从植物产品中选择性地除去碱性物质的方法，特别是用于从烟草中除去尼古丁，而不会对烟草的其它成分的含量产生重大影响。 在高压和物理状态下，烟草是以约500-300大气压的液体或其中尼古丁和其他组分溶解在溶剂中的超临界流体的方式穿过的。 作为从溶剂中除去物质的单一方法，然后将溶剂通过含酸捕集器，其中溶剂基​​本上不含尼古丁。 然后将耗尽尼古丁和富集其他组分的溶剂再循环到烟草中以重新提炼尼古丁。 此外，烟草可以用在环境条件下基本上不与烟草成分反应的化学基料进行预处理，而这些碱不一定受工艺条件的影响，但是对于增加尼古丁可以提取的尼古丁的量是有效的 本发明的方法。 用化学碱处理烟草中和尼古丁盐，并允许在更温和的条件下进行提取过程。

公开(公告)号：US20140022901A1

公开(公告)日：2014-01-23

申请号：US13554697

申请日：2012-07-20

申请人： Hiroshi Suzuki ,  Rong Pan ,  Flavio Bonomi ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Padma Akkiraju ,  Hariprasada R. Ginjpalli ,  Andrew Robbins

发明人： Hiroshi Suzuki ,  Rong Pan ,  Flavio Bonomi ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Padma Akkiraju ,  Hariprasada R. Ginjpalli ,  Andrew Robbins

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L47/266 ,  H04L49/15

摘要： Techniques for improving the performance of flow control mechanisms such as Pause are provided. The techniques provide for maintaining a fair distribution of available bandwidth while also allowing for fewer packet drops, and maximizing link utilization, in a distributed system. For example, in one embodiment, techniques are provided for achieving a fair share allocation of an egress port's bandwidth across a plurality of ingress ports contending for the same egress port.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于提高诸如暂停之类的流量控制机制的性能的技术。 这些技术提供了保持可用带宽的公平分配，同时还允许在分布式系统中更少的分组丢弃以及最大化链路利用率。 例如，在一个实施例中，提供了用于实现在竞争相同出口端口的多个入口端口上出口端口的带宽的公平共享分配的技术。

公开(公告)号：US08115313B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

申请号：US11581047

申请日：2006-10-12

申请人： Jian-Gang Weng ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Cary G. Addington ,  Peter S. Nyholm

发明人： Jian-Gang Weng ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Cary G. Addington ,  Peter S. Nyholm

IPC分类号： H01L23/48 ,  H01L23/52 ,  H01L29/40

CPC分类号： H01L21/76898 ,  H01L21/288 ,  H01L21/76802 ,  H01L21/76838 ,  H01L21/76877 ,  Y10S438/94 ,  Y10S977/773

摘要： A plurality of electrodes are electrically coupled to each other by conductive interconnects formed from selectively sintered nanoparticles.

摘要翻译： 多个电极通过由选择性烧结的纳米颗粒形成的导电互连彼此电耦合。

公开(公告)号：US20080162644A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

申请号：US11617791

申请日：2006-12-29

申请人： KALYANARAMAN B. KRISHNAN ,  Ravi Prasad

发明人： KALYANARAMAN B. KRISHNAN ,  Ravi Prasad

IPC分类号： G06F15/16

CPC分类号： G06F9/546 ,  G06F2209/547 ,  H04L69/22 ,  H04L69/24

摘要： The invention describes a method for auto selection of connectors in a middleware. The method includes receiving a message at a middleware, dynamically identifying if a connector for a target system is capable of handling the message and transmitting the message to a capable connector.

摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种用于在中间件中自动选择连接器的方法。 该方法包括在中间件处接收消息，动态地识别用于目标系统的连接器是否能够处理消息并将消息发送到能力连接器。

公开(公告)号：US07135405B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-14

申请号：US10912442

申请日：2004-08-04

申请人： Jian-Gang Weng ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Cary G. Addington ,  Peter S. Nyholm

发明人： Jian-Gang Weng ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Cary G. Addington ,  Peter S. Nyholm

IPC分类号： H01L39/00

CPC分类号： H01L21/76898 ,  H01L21/288 ,  H01L21/76802 ,  H01L21/76838 ,  H01L21/76877 ,  Y10S438/94 ,  Y10S977/773

摘要： Embodiments of methods, apparatuses, devices, and/or systems for forming an interconnect are described.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于形成互连的方法，设备，设备和/或系统的实施例。

公开(公告)号：US20060061860A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-23

申请号：US10945661

申请日：2004-09-21

申请人： John Devos ,  William Allen ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Gregory May

发明人： John Devos ,  William Allen ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Gregory May

IPC分类号： G03B21/56

CPC分类号： G03B21/56 ,  G09G2320/0686 ,  H04N9/31

摘要： A screen has an active material, having at least one optical property responsive to an electric field, disposed between electrodes, and a controller coupled to at least one of the electrodes for controlling the electric field in response to a signal received by the controller.

摘要翻译： 屏幕具有活性材料，其具有响应于电场的响应于电场的至少一种光学特性，设置在电极之间，以及耦合到至少一个电极的控制器，用于响应于由控制器接收的信号来控制电场。

公开(公告)号：US20050276933A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-15

申请号：US10868492

申请日：2004-06-14

申请人： Ravi Prasad ,  Jian-gang Weng

发明人： Ravi Prasad ,  Jian-gang Weng

IPC分类号： B05D3/00 ,  C08J7/18 ,  C09K19/00 ,  H01L21/288 ,  H01L21/768 ,  H05K3/12 ,  H05K3/38

CPC分类号： H01L21/288 ,  H01L21/76838 ,  H05K3/1208 ,  H05K3/125 ,  H05K3/1283 ,  H05K3/381 ,  H05K3/389 ,  H05K2201/0257 ,  H05K2203/0108 ,  H05K2203/013 ,  H05K2203/0195 ,  H05K2203/107 ,  Y10T428/10 ,  Y10T428/24479

摘要： Embodiments of methods, apparatuses, devices, and/or systems to form a conductive structure are described.

摘要翻译： 描述了形成导电结构的方法，装置，装置和/或系统的实施例。

公开(公告)号：US06790416B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

申请号：US10157279

申请日：2002-05-28

申请人： L. Chris Mann ,  Timothy J Corbett ,  Qin Liu ,  Ravi Prasad

发明人： L. Chris Mann ,  Timothy J Corbett ,  Qin Liu ,  Ravi Prasad

IPC分类号： C01B302

CPC分类号： H01M8/04216 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B01J16/005 ,  B01J19/22 ,  C01B3/065 ,  F17C11/005 ,  H01M8/04208 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M2250/30 ,  Y02B90/18 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02E60/362 ,  Y02E60/364

摘要： Hydrogen generation system. A source of sodium borohydride is carried on a flexible substrate that moves from a feed roll to a takeup roll. A reaction among sodium borohydride, a catalyst and water evolves hydrogen and forms a by-product that is removed from the reaction area.

公开(公告)号：US6139604A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

申请号：US185523

申请日：1998-11-04

申请人： Christian Friedrich Gottzmann ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Nitin Ramesh Keskar ,  James Bragdon Wulf

发明人： Christian Friedrich Gottzmann ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Nitin Ramesh Keskar ,  James Bragdon Wulf

IPC分类号： B01D53/04 ,  B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/22 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C01B21/04

CPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/0462 ,  B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/229 ,  B01D63/06 ,  C01B13/0251 ,  C01B21/0438 ,  B01D2256/10 ,  B01D2256/12 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2257/702 ,  B01D2257/80 ,  B01D2259/40001 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40079 ,  B01D2259/40081 ,  B01D2313/22 ,  B01D2313/40 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  C01B2210/0062 ,  Y02C10/08 ,  Y02C10/10 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/131 ,  Y02P20/152

摘要： A low energy cost process for the co-production of oxygen and nitrogen employing a fuel tube extending into the first oxygen selective ion transport membrane whereby fuel is introduced adjacent to the closed end and flows cocurrently with oxygen containing gas in the annulus and an oxygen selective ion transport membrane having a separator section and a reactor section. An oxygen-containing feedstock, typically air, is compressed and then contacts the cathode side of the separator section where a portion of the oxygen contained within the feedstock is transported to the anode side of the separator section and recovered as an oxygen product gas. Substantially the remainder of the oxygen contained within the feedstock is transported from the cathode side of the reactor section to the anode side and exothermically reacted with a fuel. Following the exothermic reaction, hot nitrogen rich product gas is expanded in a turbine to generate the power necessary to compress the feedstock. Expanded nitrogen rich product gas may then be recovered from the turbine exhaust.

摘要翻译： 使用延伸到第一氧选择性离子迁移膜中的燃料管共同生产氧气和氮气的低能量成本过程，由此燃料在闭合端附近引入并且与环中的含氧气体并流并且具有氧选择性 离子传送膜，其具有分隔部和反应部。 含氧原料（通常为空气）被压缩，然后接触分离器部分的阴极侧，其中原料中所含的一部分氧被输送到分离器部分的阳极侧并作为氧产物气体回收。 基本上将原料中所含的剩余氧气从反应器部分的阴极侧输送到阳极侧，并与燃料放热反应。 在放热反应之后，富含热氮的产物气体在涡轮机中膨胀以产生压缩原料所需的功率。 然后可以从涡轮机废气中回收膨胀的富氮产物气体。