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公开(公告)号：US5705051A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US632574
申请日：1996-04-15
申请人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。 电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。 以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。 这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。 电极将具有活性涂层。 为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。 代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。 细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。 在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐的还原以及盐分解。
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公开(公告)号：US5804055A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US808978
申请日：1997-02-19
申请人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/32 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/10 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02 , C25B9/00 , C25B13/08
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。 电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。 以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。 这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。 电极将具有活性涂层。 为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。 代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。 细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。 在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐的还原以及盐分解。
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公开(公告)号：US5972181A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US106411
申请日：1998-06-29
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。 电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。 以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。 这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。 电极将具有活性涂层。 为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。 代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。 细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。 在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐的还原以及盐分解。
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公开(公告)号：US5783050A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-21
申请号：US434871
申请日：1995-05-04
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/32 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/10 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02 , C25B11/06 , C25B11/16
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。 电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。 以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。 这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。 电极将具有活性涂层。 为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。 代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。 细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。 在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐还原以及盐分解。
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公开(公告)号：US6139705A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US273981
申请日：1999-03-22
申请人： Carl W. Brown, Jr. , Jeries I. Bishara , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Barry L. Martin , Gerald R. Pohto , Thomas J. Schue , Thomas R. Turk
发明人： Carl W. Brown, Jr. , Jeries I. Bishara , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Barry L. Martin , Gerald R. Pohto , Thomas J. Schue , Thomas R. Turk
摘要： A compound electrode incorporating a lead substrate utilizes the lead as a support structure. This support structure provides a surface that engages a mesh member, e.g., a valve metal expanded metal mesh. The mesh member has a front and back surface with the back surface facing the lead support structure. At least the front surface of the mesh member is an active surface. Securing of the mesh member to the lead support structure in electrical connection permits the lead support structure to serve as a current distributor for the mesh member. The mesh member may engage the surface of the lead support structure as by pressing or rolling the mesh onto the lead. Other engagement means can include the use of fasteners, or welding and the like. The resulting structure can be particularly useful as an electrode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell that serves for the electrowinning of a metal.
摘要翻译： 掺有引线基板的复合电极利用引线作为支撑结构。 该支撑结构提供与网状构件例如阀金属膨胀金属网接合的表面。 网状构件具有前表面和后表面，后表面面向引线支撑结构。 至少网状构件的前表面是活性表面。 网状构件以电连接方式固定到引线支撑结构允许引线支撑结构用作网状构件的电流分配器。 网状构件可以通过将网格压入或滚动到引线上而与引线支撑结构的表面接合。 其他接合装置可以包括使用紧固件或焊接等。 所得到的结构可以特别适用于电解池中用于电解冶金的电极组件。
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公开(公告)号：US06352622B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-05
申请号：US09660873
申请日：2000-09-13
申请人： Carl W. Brown , Jeries I. Bishara , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Barry L. Martin , Gerald R. Pohto , Thomas J. Schue , Thomas R. Turk
发明人： Carl W. Brown , Jeries I. Bishara , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Barry L. Martin , Gerald R. Pohto , Thomas J. Schue , Thomas R. Turk
IPC分类号： C25B900
摘要： A compound electrode incorporating a lead substrate utilizes the lead as a support structure. This support structure provides a surface that engages a valve metal expanded metal mesh. The mesh member has a front and back surface with the back surface facing the lead support structure. At least the front surface of the mesh member is an active surface. Securing of the mesh member to the lead support structure in electrical connection permits the lead support structure to serve as a current distributor for the mesh member. The mesh member may engage the surface of the lead support structure by pressing or rolling the mesh onto the lead. Other engagement means can include the use of fasteners, or welding and the like. The resulting structure can be particularly useful as an electrode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell that serves for the electrowinning of a metal.
摘要翻译： 掺有引线基板的复合电极利用引线作为支撑结构。 该支撑结构提供了与阀金属膨胀金属网接合的表面。 网状构件具有前表面和后表面，后表面面向引线支撑结构。 至少网状构件的前表面是活性表面。 网状构件以电连接方式固定到引线支撑结构允许引线支撑结构用作网状构件的电流分配器。 网状构件可以通过将网格压入或滚动到引线上而与引线支撑结构的表面接合。 其他接合装置可以包括使用紧固件或焊接等。 所得到的结构可以特别适用于电解池中用于电解冶金的电极组件。
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公开(公告)号：US5366598A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US132975
申请日：1993-10-07
IPC分类号： C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/10 , C25C7/02 , C25D17/10 , C25B1/04 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/16
CPC分类号： C23F1/00 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25C7/02 , C25D17/10 , Y10S29/016 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： A metal surface is now described having enhanced adhesion of subsequently applied coatings. The substrate metal of the article, such as a valve metal as represented by titanium, is provided with a highly desirable surface characteristic for subsequent coating application. This can be initiated by selection of a metal of desirable metallurgy and heat history, including prior heat treatment to provide surface grain boundaries which may be most readily etched. In subsequent etching operation, the surface is made to exhibit well defined, three dimensional grains with deep grain boundaries. Subsequently applied coatings, by penetrating into the etched intergranular valleys, are desirably locked onto the metal substrate surface and provide enhanced lifetime even in rugged commercial environments.
摘要翻译： 现在描述了金属表面具有增强的随后涂覆的涂层的粘合性。 制品的基底金属，例如由钛表示的阀金属，具有用于随后的涂布应用的非常期望的表面特性。 这可以通过选择期望的冶金和热历史的金属来开始，包括先前的热处理以提供最容易蚀刻的表面晶界。 在随后的蚀刻操作中，使表面形成具有深度晶界的良好限定的三维晶粒。 随后施加的涂层通过渗透到蚀刻的晶间谷中被期望地锁定在金属基板表面上，并且即使在坚固的商业环境中也提供延长的寿命。
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公开(公告)号：US5578176A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US441578
申请日：1995-05-15
IPC分类号： C25B11/10 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/06 , C25C7/02 , C25D17/10 , C25D17/12
CPC分类号： C25D17/10 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25C7/02 , Y10T428/12667 , Y10T428/12875 , Y10T428/24521
摘要： A method of preparing electrodes is now described, which electrodes have enhanced adhesion of subsequently applied coatings combined with excellent coating service life. In the method a substrate metal, such as a valve metal as represented by titanium, is provided with a highly desirable rough surface characteristic for subsequent coating application. This can be achieved by various operations including etching and melt spray application of metal or ceramic oxide to ensure a roughened surface morphology. In subsequent operations: a barrier layer is provided on the surface of enhanced morphology. This may be achieved by operations including heating, as well as including thermal decomposition of a layer precursor. Subsequent coatings provide enhanced lifetime even in the most rugged commercial environments.
摘要翻译： 现在描述制备电极的方法，这些电极具有增强的随后涂覆的涂层的粘附性，同时具有优异的涂层使用寿命。 在该方法中，用钛代表的阀门金属等基板金属具有用于后续涂布应用的非常理想的粗糙表面特性。 这可以通过各种操作实现，包括蚀刻和熔体喷涂金属或陶瓷氧化物以确保粗糙化的表面形态。 在随后的操作中：在增强形态的表面上提供阻挡层。 这可以通过包括加热以及包括层前体的热分解的操作来实现。 随后的涂层即使在最坚固的商业环境中也能提供更长的使用寿命。
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公开(公告)号：US5435896A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US217830
申请日：1994-03-25
IPC分类号： C25B11/10 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/06 , C25C7/02 , C25D17/10 , C25D17/12 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25D17/10 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25C7/02 , Y10T428/12667 , Y10T428/12875 , Y10T428/24521
摘要： A metal surface, useful as an electrode in an electrolytic cell, is now described having enhanced adhesion of subsequently applied coatings combined with excellent coating service life. The substrate metal of the electrode, such as a valve metal as represented by titanium, is provided with a highly desirable rough surface characteristic for subsequent coating application. This can be achieved by various operations including etching and melt spray application of metal or ceramic oxide to ensure a roughened surface morphology. Usually in subsequent operations, a barrier layer is provided on the surface of enhanced morphology. This may be achieved by operations including heating, as well as including thermal decomposition of a layer precursor. Subsequent coatings provide enhanced lifetime even in the most rugged commercial environments.
摘要翻译： 现在描述用作电解池中的电极的金属表面，其具有增强的随后涂覆的涂层的粘附性以及优异的涂层使用寿命。 电极的基板金属，例如由钛表示的阀金属，具有用于后续涂布应用的高度期望的粗糙表面特性。 这可以通过各种操作实现，包括蚀刻和熔体喷涂金属或陶瓷氧化物以确保粗糙化的表面形态。 通常在随后的操作中，在增强的形态表面上提供阻挡层。 这可以通过包括加热以及包括层前体的热分解的操作来实现。 随后的涂层即使在最坚固的商业环境中也能提供更长的使用寿命。
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10.发明授权Substrate of improved plasma sprayed surface morphology and its use as an electrode in an electrolytic cell 失效改善等离子体喷涂表面形态的基体及其在电解池中作为电极的用途
公开(公告)号：US5324407A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US23445
申请日：1993-02-26
IPC分类号： C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23C26/00 , C23C28/00 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/10 , C25C7/02 , C25D17/10 , C25D17/12
CPC分类号： C25D17/10 , C23C26/00 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/06 , C23C8/02 , C23F1/00 , C23F1/26 , C25B11/00 , C25C7/02 , Y10T428/1266 , Y10T428/12667 , Y10T428/24521
摘要： A metal surface is now described having enhanced adhesion of subsequently applied coatings. The substrate metal of the article, such as a valve metal as represented by titanium, is provided with a highly desirable surface characteristic for subsequent coating application. This can be achieved by a plasma sprayed coating of well defined surface morphology, the plasma spraying being with one or more metals usually valve metals. The metal of the coating may be the same or different from the metal of the substrate. Subsequently applied coatings, by penetrating into the coating of well defined surface morphology, and desirably locked onto the resulting metal article an provide enhanced lifetime even in rugged commercial environments.
摘要翻译： 现在描述了金属表面具有增强的随后涂覆的涂层的粘合性。 制品的基底金属，例如由钛表示的阀金属，具有用于后续涂布应用的非常期望的表面特性。 这可以通过具有良好限定的表面形态的等离子喷涂涂层来实现，等离子体喷涂与一种或多种金属通常是阀金属。 涂层的金属可以与基材的金属相同或不同。 随后施加的涂层，通过渗透到良好限定的表面形态的涂层中，并且期望地锁定到所得的金属制品上，即使在坚固的商业环境中也提供了延长的寿命。
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