摘要:
A serial flash memory is provided with multiple configurable pins, at least one of which is selectively configurable for use in either single-bit serial data transfers or multiple-bit serial data transfers. In single-bit serial mode, data transfer is bit-by-bit through a pin. In multiple-bit serial mode, a number of sequential bits are transferred at a time through respective pins. The serial flash memory may have 16 or fewer pins, and even 8 or fewer pins, so that low pin count packaging such as the 8-pin or 16-pin SOIC package and the 8-contact MLP/QFN/SON package may be used. The availability of the single-bit serial type protocol enables compatibility with a number of existing systems, while the availability of the multiple-bit serial type protocol enables the serial flash memory to provide data transfer rates, in systems that can support them, that are significantly faster than available with standard serial flash memories.
摘要:
In accordance with the present invention, a non-volatile integrated circuit memory includes an EEPROM array comprising a plurality of memory cells and a flash EPROM array comprising a second plurality of memory cells, wherein the EEPROM array is capable of being erased byte-by-byte or word-by-word, and the flash EPROM array is capable of being erased sector-by-sector. Both arrays are formed using the same memory cell which is programmed using hot-electron injection and is erased using Fowler-Nordheim tunneling.
摘要:
A memory array is operated by increasing a number of currents through a number of corresponding cells of the array, where each cell has a structural phase-change material to store data for that cell. Each of the currents are increased to an upper level that is sufficiently high that can cause the corresponding cell to be in a first state. Some of the currents are decreased to lower levels at sufficiently high rates that cause their corresponding cells to be programmed to the first state, while others are decreased at sufficiently low rates that cause their corresponding cells to be programmed to a second state.
摘要:
A low voltage charge pump system with a large output voltage range is described. The charge pump system comprises eight charge pump stages, an output stage, and a four phase clock generator. The clock generator generates two sets of four phase shifted signals. The first set of four clock signals are coupled to the first four charge pump stages and have a logic high level of VCC. The second set of clock signals are coupled to the second four charge pump stages and have a logic high level of 2 VCC. Due to the body effect, the negative voltages at the charge pump output stages increases the threshold voltage of a pass transistor which couples the input and output in each charge pump. The larger high voltage level of the second set of clock signals enables the signals to overcome the body effect increased threshold voltages of the pass transistors. The pass transistors are then used to couple negative charge to the next charge pump stage, and positive charge to the preceding charge pump stage. The present invention charge pump system can thereby provide a large negative voltage output using a low power supply voltage. In the charge pump stages that receive the higher clock levels and in the output stage, the well of capacitor configured PMOS transistors that are coupled to the stage clock terminals is coupled to the source and drain of the transistors. Coupling the source, drain and well together prevents the 2 VCC voltage high level clock signals from forward biasing the p-n junction formed by the source and drain with the well. The charge pump stages and the output stage also include a p-n junction diode coupled from the output of the stage to ground.
摘要:
A row decoder for a nonvolatile memory having a low-voltage power supply that minimizes the load capacitance presented to a high voltage source without requiring additional circuitry. The row decoder accomplishes this by providing a local decoder having only one input requiring a boosted voltage higher than the power supply voltage. Further, predecoders are used to reduce the number of local decoders that receive the boosted voltage.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for memory device testing at a higher clock rate than the clock rate provided by a memory tester. The method includes providing a memory tester capable of generating a first clock signal characterized by a first clock frequency, and applying the first clock signal to the memory device. The method also includes receiving a command for activating a high-clock-frequency test mode. The method generates a second clock signal in the memory device in response to the first clock signal. The second clock signal is characterized by a second clock frequency which is higher than the first clock frequency. The method then tests the memory device at the second clock frequency. In a specific embodiment, the method is applied to a serial flash memory device. The invention can also be applied to testing and operating other memory devices or systems that include synchronized circuits.
摘要:
To control the problem of program and erase disturb in flash memory arrays having multiple sectors of cells grouped in each isolation wells of the flash memory array, a refresh procedure is used that involves two readings of each of the cells in a “refresh area” of a group under different read timing conditions, with other read conditions being constant or varied as desired. Cells that yield the same result in both reads are not excessively disturbed and need not be reprogrammed. However, cells that read differently may be excessively disturbed and should be reprogrammed. The refresh procedure is particularly suitable for memory arrays with small sector size and many sectors per group. The memory arrays preferably incorporate memory cells that use hot electron programming and Fowler-Nordheim erase.
摘要:
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a semiconductor wafer has a plurality of dies each having a circuit and a plurality of contact pads. The plurality of contact pads include a first contact pad to receive a power supply voltage, a second contact pad to receive a ground voltage, and a third contact pad to receive a test control signal. The third contact pad is connected to a programmable self-test engine (PSTE) embedded on the corresponding die so that the test control signal activates the PSTE to initiate a self-test. A probe card has a plurality of sets of probe pins, each set of probe pins having three probe pins for contacting the first, second, and third contact pads of one of a corresponding number of the plurality of dies. During wafer test, the plurality of sets of probe pins come in contact with a corresponding number of dies so that the self-test is carried out simultaneously in the corresponding number of dies.
摘要:
In an array of nonvolatile memory cells, as many memory cells as desired and indeed even the entire array of memory cells may be placed in a single region of the bulk, illustratively a p-well. Peripheral circuitry is used to in effect section the memory array into blocks and groups of blocks, and to establish suitable biasing and counter-biasing within those blocks and groups during page or block erase operations to limit erase disturb. Each group is provided with its own set of voltage switches, which furnishes the bias voltages for the various modes of operation, including erase. Each of the voltage switches furnish either a large positive voltage when its group is selected, or a large negative voltage when its group is unselected. The size of the group is established as a compromise between degree of erase disturb and substrate area required for the voltage switches.
摘要:
In accordance with the present invention, a plurality of dies on a wafer are tested as follows. The wafer is placed in a tester. A built-in self test (BIST) operation is initiated in a first die. Another BIST operation is initiated in a second die after initiating the BIST operation in the first die such that the BIST operation in the first die and the BIST operation in the second die overlap.