摘要:
A system and method for a pulsed light source used in detecting fluorescence from a plurality of samples of biological material discretely, continuously or intermittently during thermal cycling of DNA to accomplish a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An apparatus for sampling at least one sample of a biological material comprises a light source that emits a pulsed excitation light that interacts with the sample and a detector sensitive to fluorescence emitted from the sample. A method of sampling at least one sample to detect fluorescence comprises generating a pulsed excitation light with a pulsed light source; directing the pulsed excitation light into the sample; illuminating a sample with the pulsed excitation light to generate an emission light; and detecting the optical characteristics of the emission light.
摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus and methods for preventing condensation on the interior surfaces of sample tubes which are being exposed to temperature cycles, such as during a PCR amplification reaction. In particular, the invention relates to apparatus comprising a sample block comprising a plurality of sample wells for receiving sample tubes and heating elements disposed in the sample wells for heating at least a portion of the sides of sample tubes (e.g., at least the portion which forms the head space after a tube is filled with a PCR reaction mixture). In a preferred aspect, the sample block is part of a thermocycling device for performing PCR and the side-wall heater is used to enhance uniformity and speed of amplification reactions. For example, by decreasing or eliminating condensation, signal strength jumps in a real-time PCR assay can be minimized as can reaction non-homogeneity.
摘要:
A compact optical module for fluorescence excitation and detection and methods for using same are disclosed. An apparatus for detecting fluorescence includes a substrate base, a detector adjacent to the substrate base for determining the amount of fluorescence, an emission filter adjacent to the detector, a light source for emitting an excitation light, the light source engaging the emission filter, and a cover formed over the detector, the emission filter, and the light source.
摘要:
A system and method for fluorescence excitation and detection having distinct optical paths is disclosed. A system for detecting fluorescence comprises a light source that emits an excitation light into an illumination tube; a plurality of collection optics located around an aperture in the illumination tube for collecting fluorescence; and a detector for determining the amount of fluorescence. A method for detecting fluorescence comprises emitting an excitation light from a light source into an illumination tube; directing the excitation light to an excitation filter; illuminating a sample with the excitation light to generate an emission light; and detecting the optical characteristics of the emission light using a plurality of collection optics located around the illumination tube.
摘要:
The present invention is a system and method for smoothing melting curve data to help identify a specific sequence of double stranded DNA sample after performing a polymerase chain reaction. The system comprises a plurality of measurements of a fluorescence and a temperature of a dye over a temperature range to create a raw array; calculating a collapse number using a temperature resolution that facilitates the smoothing of the melting curve data, a number of data points in the raw array, and a temperature data range from the raw array; calculating a plurality of fluorescence averages and a plurality of temperature averages from the collapse number and the raw array; and generating a smooth array from the plurality of fluorescence averages and the plurality of temperature averages wherein the smooth array decreases a variability in the raw array.
摘要:
A baseball batting practice device is disclosed as a bat having a recess formed at the large end to nestingly receive a spinning reel. The reel is oriented to pay-out a fishing line at a right angle to the bat axis, the fishing line is secured to a baseball and serves as a tether to retrieve the ball using the reel. With the tether payed out at a right angle to the bat axis, minimum resistance to the flight of the ball is observed and the distance traveled by the ball replicates that of an untethered ball.
摘要:
The invention relates to baseline subtraction algorithms developed to reduce tube-to-tube and cycle-to-cycle variabilities during real time PCR amplification. Particularly, the invention relates to algorithms for determining the threshold cycle for the first reliable detection of the amplified nucleic acid product. The invention also relates to computer programs comprising the algorithm and methods and/systems implementing the algorithm.
摘要:
A variable-incline ramp system guides a vehicle through the incline between a first site and a second site while at all times maintaining the vehicle in its natural horizontal orientation. The ramp system includes a separate set of rails for guiding the front and the rear wheels of the vehicle. In profile, the two sets of rails form a parallelogram having one pair of sides of a length equal to the wheelbase of the vehicle. So long as these parallelogram sides are horizontally oriented, the vehicle traveling along the rails will maintain its normal orientation because its wheelbase axis will be parallel to the horizontal sides of the parallelogram. In one embodiment suited for use in marine settings, the rails are movably connected to the first and second sites such that as the site elevations change, the parallelogram is free to skew while still remaining a parallelogram with the same length sides.
摘要:
A motorcycle jack including a support assembly (SA) for engagement with a first part (S) of a motorcycle and a lifting assembly (LA) for engagement with a second part (S) of the motorcycle, the first and second parts being on opposite sides of the motorcycle. The lifting assembly (LA) is adjustable between an initial position in which both motorcycle wheels (W) are in contact with the ground and a lifted position in which one motorcycle wheel is raised above the ground (G).
摘要:
Compounds of formula (I) in free or salt or solvate form, wherein X has the meaning indicated in the specification, are useful for treating conditions that are prevented or alleviated by activation of the β2-adrenoreceptor. Pharmaceutical compositions that contain the compounds and processes for preparing the compounds are also described.