摘要:
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser semiconductor chip including a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) formed on a substrate, a photodetector, integrated with the vertical cavity surface emitting laser for automatic power control (APC) of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser and a driver circuit, integrated with the vertical cavity surface emitting laser and the photodetector. The VCSEL, photodetector and driver circuit are integrated by utilizing a monolithic polysilicon layer. The driver circuit is characterized as a CMOS driver circuit, capable of receiving feedback from the photodetector and adjusting the output power of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser in response to the feedback, thus achieving APC of the VCSEL.
摘要:
A method of fabricating an LED array and stacked driving circuitry includes sequentially forming layers of material on the surface of a substrate, the layers cooperating to emit light when activated. An insulating layer is positioned on the layers and divided into LEDs arranged in an array of rows and columns. Row and column driver circuits are formed on the insulating layer overlying the array by patterning portions of recrystallized amorphous silicon on the insulating layer, depositing a gate insulator layer and a gate metal layer on each of the portions to form an MOS gate, implanting a source and drain in each of the portions, using the MOS gate as a self-aligned mask, and forming contacts for the power terminals and the MOS gate, and coupling each LED in the array to the row and column driver circuits.
摘要:
A method of fabricating a monolithically integrated LED array and driving circuitry includes sequentially forming overlying layers of material on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, the layers cooperating to emit light when activated. An insulating layer is formed on the layers and the layers are isolated into an array area and driver circuitry areas with row and column dividers dividing the array area into an array of LEDs arranged in rows and columns. Row and column driver circuits are formed on the insulating layer in the driver circuitry areas and row and column buses individually couple each LED in the array to row and column driver circuits.
摘要:
Monolithic integrated transistors and a light emitting diode matrix epitaxially grown on a semiconductor substrate. The matrix includes a plurality of LEDs organized into rows and columns, the LEDs being formed of layers of semiconductor material epitaxially grown on the substrate. A row driver for each row includes a transistor coupled to the matrix and a column driver for each column includes a complementary transistor coupled to the matrix. The transistor and the complementary transistor are each an HBT including layers of semiconductor material positioned on the semiconductor material forming the matrix.
摘要:
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) having a first and a second mirror stack and an active region is formed utilizing epitaxial layer growth techniques. A lateral photodetector is integrally formed in the epitaxial growth layers, thereby providing for a VCSEL with laterally integrated photodetector. An isolation region is formed in the epitaxial growth layers between the VCSEL and the photodetector thereby isolating the VCSEL and the lateral photodetector. The integrated VCSEL and lateral photodetector capable of monitoring reflected laser emission, thus laser power output of the VCSEL and employing feedback to maintain a specific laser power output level, thereby capable of automatic power control (APC).
摘要:
A VCSEL (113) having first and second stacks of DBRs (120, 116) and an active region sandwiched therebetween (118) is formed. A PIN photo-detector is integrated onto the VCSEL by positioning it on the second stack in the light path. The PIN photo detector includes a first doped region (104), a second undoped (intrinsic) region (106), and a third doped region (108). A first conductive layer (134) is provided in contact with the second stack and the first region and a second conductive layer is provided in contact with the third region.
摘要:
A substrate (102) having a surface (103) with a first stack of distributed Bragg reflectors (106), a first cladding region (107), an active region (108), a second cladding region (109), a second stack of distributed Bragg reflectors (110), and a contact region (111) is provided. A mesa (131) with a surface (133) and a trench (136) is formed. A first dielectric layer (122) is formed overlying substrate (102) and covering a portion of trench (136). A seed layer (126) having a pattern is formed, with the pattern of seed layer (126) having an opening on a portion of mesa (131). A metal is selectively plated on seed layer (126), thereby generating a layer (304) on seed layer (126) for removal of heat of VCSEL (101).
摘要:
A first stack of distributed Bragg mirrors having alternating layers of aluminum gallium arsenide differing in concentrations of an aluminum are disposed on a surface of a substrate with a first plurality of continuous gradient layers positioned between the alternating layers of differing aluminum concentrations to dynamically move the aluminum concentration from one of the alternating layer to another alternating layers. A first cladding region is disposed on the first stack of distributed Bragg mirrors. An active region is disposed on the first cladding region with a second cladding region being dispose on the active region. A second stack of distributed Bragg mirrors having alternating layers of aluminum gallium arsenide differing concentrations of aluminum are disposed on the second cladding region with a second plurality of continuous gradient layers being positioned between the alternating layers of differing aluminum concentrations to dynamically change the aluminum concentration from one of the altering layers to another alternating layers.
摘要:
A top-emitting vertical cavity surface emitting laser with a current blocking layer at the substrate and offset layers in the mirror stack providing an optical waveguide aligned to the injected current distribution.
摘要:
A VCSEL having a first mirror stack positioned on the surface of a substrate, an active region positioned on the first mirror stack and substantially coextensive therewith, and a second mirror stack positioned on the active region, the second mirror stack forming a ridge or mesa having a side surface. A metal contact layer is positioned on the side surface of the ridge or mesa and on portions of an end of the ridge or mesa to define a light emitting area, and a layer of diamond-like material is electrolytically plated on the metal contact layer so as to form a heat conductor to remove heat from the laser.