Abstract:
The present inventive concept provides methods of manufacturing a semiconductor device including forming an inner mask layer on an etching target film, the inner mask layer including a polymer; forming a porous film on the etching target film, the porous film covering the inner mask layer; supplying an acid source to an outer surface area of the inner mask layer through the porous film; inducing a chemical reaction of the polymer included in the inner mask layer in the outer surface area by using the acid source; forming inner mask patterns by removing a chemically reacted portion of the inner mask layer; and etching the etching target film by using at least a portion of the porous film and the inner mask patterns as an etching mask.
Abstract:
A method of obtaining a maximum magnetic flux of a permanent magnet synchronous motor may comprise: receiving a first command voltage from a current controller to control current applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor; receiving an on/off duty ratio of a control pulse signal to control an output voltage of an inverter that drives the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the on/off duty ratio being determined based on the first command voltage; generating a second command voltage corresponding to the output voltage to be output from the inverter based on the on/off duty ratio of the control pulse signal; obtaining a maximum command voltage error by comparing the first and second command voltages; and/or obtaining the maximum command magnetic flux of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a position of a rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the maximum command voltage error.
Abstract:
A method of controlling an output voltage of an inverter driving an electric motor may include calculating a current total harmonic distortion (THD) of a current output to the electric motor; comparing the current THD with a reference current THD; determining a pulse width modulation (PWM) method to be changed from a first modulation method that reduces harmonic components of the current output to the electric motor to a second modulation method when the current THD is less than the reference current THD, the PWM method modulating a pulse width of a control pulse signal for controlling the output voltage of the inverter; and/or generating the control pulse signal based on the determined PWM method.
Abstract:
A power conversion apparatus including a current source converter configured to convert Alternate Current (AC) power to Direct Current (DC) power; a power controller configured to set a d-axis current command and a q-axis current command, which correspond to the AC power to the current source converter, by reflecting a difference between a measurement DC link voltage measured at an output terminal of the current source converter and a DC link voltage set by a DC link voltage command; and a phase angle controller configured to adjust a phase angle of the current source converter and transmit the adjusted phase angle to the current source converter, in response to the d-axis current command and the q-axis current command.
Abstract:
A semiconductor wafer including a main body including first and second surfaces opposite each other, a notch including a recess on an outer periphery, a first bevel region formed along the outer periphery of the main body, including a first slope connecting the first and second surfaces and having a first height with respect to a straight line extending from a first point where the first surface and the first slope meet to a second point where the second surface and the first slope meet, and a second bevel region in contact with the recess or opening, including a second slope connecting the first and second surfaces and having a second height, different from the first height, with respect to a straight line extending from a third point where the first surface and the second slope meet to a fourth point where the second surface and the second slope meet.
Abstract:
The present inventive concept provides methods of manufacturing a semiconductor device including forming an inner mask layer on an etching target film, the inner mask layer including a polymer; forming a porous film on the etching target film, the porous film covering the inner mask layer; supplying an acid source to an outer surface area of the inner mask layer through the porous film; inducing a chemical reaction of the polymer included in the inner mask layer in the outer surface area by using the acid source; forming inner mask patterns by removing a chemically reacted portion of the inner mask layer; and etching the etching target film by using at least a portion of the porous film and the inner mask patterns as an etching mask.